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Eucera Berlandi
''Eucera'' is a genus of bees in the family Apidae, subfamily Apinae, and tribe Eucerini – the long-horned bees. Description As in most members of the tribe Eucerini, the antennae of males are very long. Old World ''Eucera'' can be identified through having five or six maxillary palpomeres, with the first flagellomere shorter than the scape and the clypeus protruding in front of the compound eye by at least the width of the eye in side view. These characteristics are found in both sexes. Additionally, the males have convergent carinae on their sixth ventral abdominal segment (sternite). ''Eucera'' species nest in the ground.Michener, C. D. (2007) The bees of the world, second edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 953 pp Morphology ''Eucera'' have a thick layer of fur and are dark in color. They have a protuberant clypeus and are typically around 0.4 to 0.7 inches long. The size of bees in the genus ''Eucera'' range from 11–18 mm. When e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetralonia
''Tetralonia'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Apidae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats. Such a taxon, usually a species, is said to exhibit cosmopolitanism or cosmopolitism. The ext .... Species: * '' Tetralonia albida'' (Lepeletier, 1841) * '' Tetralonia amoena'' Walker, 1871 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4050876 Apidae Hymenoptera genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrocarbon
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are examples of group 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons are generally colourless and hydrophobic, and their odors are usually weak or exemplified by the odors of gasoline and lighter fluid. They occur in a diverse range of molecular structures and phases: they can be gases (such as methane and propane), liquids (such as hexane and benzene), low melting solids (such as paraffin wax and naphthalene) or polymers (such as polyethylene and polystyrene). In the fossil fuel industries, ''hydrocarbon'' refers to the naturally occurring petroleum, natural gas and coal, and to their hydrocarbon derivatives and purified forms. Combustion of hydrocarbons is the main source of the world's energy. Petroleum is the dominant raw-material source for organic commodity chemicals such as solvents and polymers. Most anthropogenic (human-generated) emissions of greenhouse gases are carbon di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufour's Gland
Dufour's gland is an abdominal gland of certain insects, part of the anatomy of the ovipositor or sting apparatus in female members of Apocrita. The diversification of Hymenoptera took place in the Cretaceous and the gland may have developed at about this time (200 million years ago) as it is present in all three groups of Apocrita, the wasps, bees and ants. Structure Dufour’s gland was first described by Léon Jean Marie Dufour in 1841. Along with the spermatheca and the poison gland, it develops as an invagination of valves of the sternum. It empties at the base of the ovipositor in ants but into the dorsal vaginal wall in bees and wasps. The gland is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells which secrete substances into the hollow interior. Muscles round the opening of the duct may help control the outflow. Function The purpose of Dufour’s gland is to secrete chemicals, but the nature of the secretions and their function differs in various hymenopteran groups. The sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucera Palaestinae
''Eucera'' is a genus of bees in the family Apidae, subfamily Apinae, and tribe Eucerini – the long-horned bees. Description As in most members of the tribe Eucerini, the antennae of males are very long. Old World ''Eucera'' can be identified through having five or six maxillary palpomeres, with the first flagellomere shorter than the scape and the clypeus protruding in front of the compound eye by at least the width of the eye in side view. These characteristics are found in both sexes. Additionally, the males have convergent carinae on their sixth ventral abdominal segment (sternite). ''Eucera'' species nest in the ground.Michener, C. D. (2007) The bees of the world, second edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 953 pp Morphology ''Eucera'' have a thick layer of fur and are dark in color. They have a protuberant clypeus and are typically around 0.4 to 0.7 inches long. The size of bees in the genus ''Eucera'' range from 11–18 mm. When e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kleptoparasitism
Kleptoparasitism (etymologically, parasitism by theft) is a form of feeding in which one animal deliberately takes food from another. The strategy is evolutionarily stable when stealing is less costly than direct feeding, which can mean when food is scarce or when victims are abundant. Many kleptoparasites are arthropods, especially bees and wasps, but including some true flies, dung beetles, bugs, and spiders. Cuckoo bees are specialized kleptoparasites which lay their eggs either on the pollen masses made by other bees, or on the insect hosts of parasitoid wasps. They are an instance of Emery's rule, which states that insect social parasites tend to be closely related to their hosts. The behavior occurs, too, in vertebrates including birds such as skuas, which persistently chase other seabirds until they disgorge their food, and carnivorous mammals such as spotted hyenas and lions. Other species opportunistically indulge in kleptoparasitism. Strategy Kleptoparasitism is a fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sodic Soil
Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salination can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean. It can also come about through artificial processes such as irrigation and road salt. Natural occurrence Salts are a natural component in soils and water. The ions responsible for salination are: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl−. Over long periods of time, as soil minerals weather and release salts, these salts are flushed or leached out of the soil by drainage water in areas with sufficient precipitation. In addition to mineral weathering, salts are also deposited via dust and precipitation. Salts may accumulate in dry regions, leading to naturally saline soils. This is the case, for example, in large parts of Australia. Human practices can increase the salinity of soils by the addition of salts in i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle East
The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (European part of Turkey), Egypt, Iran, the Levant (including Syria (region), Ash-Shām and Cyprus), Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), and the Socotra Governorate, Socotra Archipelago (a part of Yemen). The term came into widespread usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to the Far East) beginning in the early 20th century. The term "Middle East" has led to some confusion over its changing definitions, and has been viewed by some to be discriminatory or too Eurocentrism, Eurocentric. The region includes the vast majority of the territories included in the closely associated definition of Western Asia (including Iran), but without the South Caucasus, and additionally includes all of Egypt (not just the Sina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucera Aragalli, F, Face, South Dakota, Pennington Co 2016-01-08-11
''Eucera'' is a genus of bees in the family Apidae, subfamily Apinae, and tribe Eucerini – the long-horned bees. Description As in most members of the tribe Eucerini, the antennae of males are very long. Old World ''Eucera'' can be identified through having five or six maxillary palpomeres, with the first flagellomere shorter than the scape and the clypeus protruding in front of the compound eye by at least the width of the eye in side view. These characteristics are found in both sexes. Additionally, the males have convergent carinae on their sixth ventral abdominal segment (sternite). ''Eucera'' species nest in the ground.Michener, C. D. (2007) The bees of the world, second edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 953 pp Morphology ''Eucera'' have a thick layer of fur and are dark in color. They have a protuberant clypeus and are typically around 0.4 to 0.7 inches long. The size of bees in the genus ''Eucera'' range from 11–18 mm. When e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucera Aragalli, F, Side, South Dakota, Pennington Co 2016-01-08-12
''Eucera'' is a genus of bees in the family Apidae, subfamily Apinae, and tribe Eucerini – the long-horned bees. Description As in most members of the tribe Eucerini, the antennae of males are very long. Old World ''Eucera'' can be identified through having five or six maxillary palpomeres, with the first flagellomere shorter than the scape and the clypeus protruding in front of the compound eye by at least the width of the eye in side view. These characteristics are found in both sexes. Additionally, the males have convergent carinae on their sixth ventral abdominal segment (sternite). ''Eucera'' species nest in the ground.Michener, C. D. (2007) The bees of the world, second edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 953 pp Morphology ''Eucera'' have a thick layer of fur and are dark in color. They have a protuberant clypeus and are typically around 0.4 to 0.7 inches long. The size of bees in the genus ''Eucera'' range from 11–18 mm. When e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenoglossa
''Xenoglossa'' is a genus of large squash bees in the family Apidae. There are about 11 described species in ''Xenoglossa''. Species These 11 species belong to the genus ''Xenoglossa'': * ''Xenoglossa angustior'' Cockerell, 1899 * ''Xenoglossa dugesi'' Cockerell * ''Xenoglossa fulva'' Smith, 1854 * ''Xenoglossa gabbii'' (Cresson, 1878) * ''Xenoglossa howardi'' Cockerell * ''Xenoglossa kansensis'' Cockerell, 1905 (Kansas squash bee) * ''Xenoglossa mustelina'' (Fox, 1893) * ''Xenoglossa patricia'' Cockerell, 1896 * ''Xenoglossa rhodophila'' Cockerell * ''Xenoglossa spriuna'' Howard * ''Xenoglossa strenua ''Xenoglossa strenua'' is a species of long-horned bee in the family Apidae Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, includ ...'' (Cresson, 1878) References Further reading * External links * Apinae Articles created by Qbugbot {{Apinae-st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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