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Etrog
Etrog ( he, אֶתְרוֹג, plural: '; Ashkenazi Hebrew: ', plural: ') is the yellow citron or ''Citrus medica'' used by Jews during the week-long holiday of Sukkot as one of the four species. Together with the ''lulav'', ''hadass'', and '' aravah'', the ''etrog'' is taken in hand and held or waved during specific portions of the holiday prayers. Special care is often given to selecting an ''etrog'' for the performance of the Sukkot holiday rituals. Etymology The romanization of the Hebrew word as ''etrog'' according to the Sephardic pronunciation is widely used. The Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation is ''esrog'' or ''esrig''. It has been transliterated as ''ethrog'' or ''ethrogh'' in scholarly work. The Hebrew word is thought to derive from the Persian name for the fruit, ''turunj'' (), likely borrowed via Aramaic. The Arabic word ''utroj'' or ''etroj'' (or etrog in Egyptian Arabic) أُتْرُجِّ means ''Citrus medica''. Taxonomy In Modern Hebrew, ''etrog'' is the nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Citron
The Greek citron variety of ''Citrus medica'' ( el, κιτριά, he, אתרוג קורפו or יְוָנִי) was botanically classified by Adolf Engler as the ''"variety etrog"''. This is remarking on its major use for the Jewish ritual etrog during Sukkot. It was also called ''pitima'', or the ''cedro col pigolo'' ("citron with a pitom"), because of its usually persisting pitom (carpel). The last does not only enhance its character, but also adds Halachic promotion. Description and illustration The following description is from the Nurenbergische Hesperides (2nd Volume; 8th Chap.) by Johann Christoph Volkamer, titled "About the ''Cedro col Pigolo''". He was growing that kind in his botanical garden in Nuremberg, and writes that it can also be called the "Jewish Citron", since it is mostly used for the four species. ''This tree does not become particularly big. The leaves are smaller than those of other citrons, and serrated, oblong, pointed towards the front, mixed with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lulav
''Lulav'' (; he, לולב) is a closed frond of the date palm tree. It is one of the Four Species used during the Jewish holiday of Sukkot. The other Species are the ''hadass'' (Myrtus, myrtle), '' aravah'' (willow), and ''etrog'' (citron). When bound together, the ''lulav'', ''hadass'', and ''aravah'' are commonly referred to as "the lulav". Codification in the Torah The Torah mentions the commandments to obtain a ''lulav'' for the ''Sukkot'' holiday once in Leviticus: ''Leviticus 23:40'' : :"And ye shall take you on the first day the fruit of goodly trees, branches of palm-trees, and boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook, and ye shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days." In the Oral Torah, the ''Mishnah'' comments that the biblical commandment to take the ''lulav'', along with the other three species, is for all seven days of ''Sukkot'' only in and around the Temple Mount when the Holy Temple in Jerusalem is extant, as indicated by the verse as "in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aravah (Sukkot)
Aravah ( he, ערבה, pl. aravot - ערבות) is a leafy branch of the willow tree. It is one of the Four Species (''arba'ah minim'' - ארבעת המינים) used in a special waving ceremony during the Jewish holiday of Sukkot. The other species are the ''lulav'' (palm frond), '' hadass'' ( myrtle), and ''etrog'' (citron). The ''aravah'' is also used for a separate ceremony on Hoshanah Rabbah, the last day of Sukkot, when five branches are beaten against the ground to the accompaniment of special verses. The ''aravah'' tree typically grows by the side of a river, although in Israel it grows wild in many people's backyards. The branches grow long and are lined with long, narrow leaves. Since this tree requires much water to grow, the picked branches dry out within two or three days. In order to keep them fresh as long as possible for the mitzvah of the Four Species, they are kept in the refrigerator until use, or wrapped in a moist towel. On each of the seven days of Sukk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citron
The citron (''Citrus medica''), historically cedrate, is a large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick rind. It is said to resemble a 'huge, rough lemon'. It is one of the original citrus fruits from which all other citrus types developed through natural hybrid speciation or artificial hybridization. Though citron cultivars take on a wide variety of physical forms, they are all closely related genetically. It is used in Asian cuisine, traditional medicines, perfume, and religious rituals and offerings. Hybrids of citrons with other citrus are commercially more prominent, notably lemons and many limes. Etymology The fruit's English name "citron" derives ultimately from Latin, ''citrus'', which is also the origin of the genus name. Other languages A source of confusion is that ''citron'' in French and English are false friends, as the French word refers to the lemon, while the English word is translated ''cédrat''. Indeed, into the 16th century, the English name ''citron'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukkot
or ("Booths, Tabernacles") , observedby = Jews, Samaritans, a few Protestant denominations, Messianic Jews, Semitic Neopagans , type = Jewish, Samaritan , begins = 15th day of Tishrei , ends = 21st day of Tishrei , date = , date = , date = , date = , observances = Dwelling in '' sukkah'', taking the Four Species, ''hakafot'' and Hallel in Synagogue , significance = One of the three pilgrimage festivals , relatedto = Shemini Atzeret, Simchat Torah , alt=, nickname=, litcolor=, celebrations=, date=15 Tishrei, 16 Tishrei, 17 Tishrei, 18 Tishrei, 19 Tishrei, 20 Tishrei, 21 Tishrei, weekday=, month=, scheduling=, duration=, frequency=, firsttime=, startedby= Sukkot ''Ḥag hasSukkōṯ'', lit. "festival of booths". Also spelled Succot; Ashkenazic: Sukkos. is a Torah-commanded holiday celebrated for seven days, beginning on the 15th day of the month of Tishrei. It is one of the Three Pilgrimage Festivals ( he, שלוש רג ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
