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Escadrille N.95
''Escadrille Spa.95'' (also known as ''Escadrille N.95'') was a French fighter squadron active during the final 19 months of World War I. Incorporated into larger formations within three months of its forming in April 1917, the squadron served throughout the war. It was twice Mentioned in dispatches, and credited with 15 confirmed aerial victories by the 11 November 1918 ceasefire. History Initially, Detachments N.517 and N.519 were based at Vadelaincourt, France on 15 April 1917. On 15 May they were merged into a squadron dubbed ''Escadrille NF''; the new unit's name quickly changed to ''Escadrille 106'' before settling on ''Escadrille N.95'' on 20 May. On 7 July 1917, they were transferred to '' VI Armee'', then onwards to '' II Armee'' in September.''Over the Front: The Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918'', p. 101 In February 1918, the squadron was one of four incorporated into ''Groupe de Combat 19'', which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roundel Of The French Air Force Before 1945
A roundel is a circular disc used as a symbol. The term is used in heraldry, but also commonly used to refer to a type of national insignia used on military aircraft, generally circular in shape and usually comprising concentric rings of different colours. Other symbols also often use round shapes. Heraldry In heraldry, a ''roundel'' is a circular charge. ''Roundels'' are among the oldest charges used in coats of arms, dating from at least the twelfth century. Roundels in British heraldry have different names depending on their tincture. Thus, while a roundel may be blazoned by its tincture, e.g., ''a roundel vert'' (literally "a roundel green"), it is more often described by a single word, in this case ''pomme'' (literally "apple", from the French) or, from the same origins, ''pomeis''—as in "Vert; on a cross Or five pomeis". One special example of a named roundel is the fountain, depicted as ''a roundel barry wavy argent and azure'', that is, containing alternating horizo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Air Service
The French Air and Space Force (AAE) (french: Armée de l'air et de l'espace, ) is the air and space force of the French Armed Forces. It was the first military aviation force in history, formed in 1909 as the , a service arm of the French Army; it became an independent military branch in 1934 as the French Air Force. On 10 September 2020, it assumed its current name, the French Air and Space Force, to reflect an "evolution of its mission" into the area of outer space. The number of aircraft in service with the French Air and Space Force varies depending on the source; the Ministry of Armed Forces gives a figure of 658 aircraft in 2014. According to 2018 data, this figure includes 210 combat aircraft: 115 Dassault Mirage 2000 and 95 Dassault Rafale. As of 2021, the French Air and Space Force employs a total of 40,500 regular personnel, with a reserve element of 5,187 in 2014. The Chief of Staff of the French Air and Space Force (CEMAAE) is a direct subordinate of the Chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mentioned In Dispatches
To be mentioned in dispatches (or despatches, MiD) describes a member of the armed forces whose name appears in an official report written by a superior officer and sent to the high command, in which their gallant or meritorious action in the face of the enemy is described. In some countries, a service member's name must be mentioned in dispatches as a condition for receiving certain decorations. United Kingdom, British Empire, and Commonwealth of Nations Servicemen and women of the British Empire or the Commonwealth who are mentioned in despatches (MiD) are not awarded a medal for their actions, but receive a certificate and wear an oak leaf device on the ribbon of the appropriate campaign medal. A smaller version of the oak leaf device is attached to the ribbon when worn alone. Prior to 2014, only one device could be worn on a ribbon, irrespective of the number of times the recipient was mentioned in despatches. Where no campaign medal is awarded, the oak leaf is worn direc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vadelaincourt
Vadelaincourt () is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. See also *Communes of the Meuse department The following is a list of the 499 communes of the Meuse department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Meuse (department) {{Meuse-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Army (France)
The Sixth Army (french: 6eme Armée) was a field army of the French Army during World War I and World War II. World War I The Sixth Army was formed 26 August 1914, composed of troops from various disparate French armies: two active army corps, the (4th Army Corps (France), 4th and 7th respectively detached from the Third Army and First Army, the 5th and 6th groups of reserve divisions, the 45th and 37th Infantry Division (France), 37th Infantry Divisions, a native brigade and a cavalry corps. After Alexander von Kluck rotated his 1st Army (German Empire), German First Army away from Paris to reinforce Karl von Bülow's 2nd Army (German Empire), German Second Army, Joseph Gallieni ordered the Sixth Army to attack von Kluck's forces. Although the German First Army counterattacked, this allowed John French, 1st Earl of Ypres, John French's British Expeditionary Force (World War I), British Expeditionary Force to occupy a twenty-mile salient between the two armies beginning the First ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Army (France)
The Second Army (french: IIe Armée) was a field army of the French Army during World War I and World War II. The Army became famous for fighting the Battle of Verdun in 1916 under Generals Philippe Pétain and Robert Nivelle. Commanders World War I * General de Curières de Castelnau (Mobilization – 21 June 1915) * General Pétain (21 June 1915 – 1 May 1916) * General Nivelle (1 May 1916 – 15 December 1916) * General Guillaumat (15 December 1916 – 11 December 1917) * General Auguste Edouard Hirschauer (11 December 1917 – 22 December 1918) * General Antoine Baucheron de Boissoudy (22 December 1918 – 11 February 1919) World War II * General Charles Huntziger (2 September 1939 – 5 June 1940) * General Henry Freydenberg (5 June – 31 July 1940) See also * List of French armies in WWI List of armies — List of French armies in World War I This page is a list of French army formations existing during World War I World War I (28 July 1914 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SPAD S
SPAD may refer to: In aircraft manufacture * Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés, also Société Provisoire des Aéroplanes Deperdussin and Blériot-SPAD, French aircraft manufacturer (1912–1921) * SPAD VII, SPAD S.XII and SPAD S.XIII, French fighter planes of World War I produced by Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés * A-1 Skyraider, nicknamed ''Spad'', an attack aircraft (1950s and 1960s) * Simple Plastic Airplane Design, a type of radio-controlled model airplane In science * Single Pass Albumin Dialysis, liver dialysis * Single-photon avalanche diode, a photodetector Other uses * Special adviser (UK), a government post * Self-propelled air defence, weapons * Signal passed at danger by a train * ''Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat'', the Land Public Transport Commission of Malaysia See also * Spade (other) A spade is a digging and gardening tool. Spade or Spades may also refer to: Cards * Spades (card game), a trick-taking card game *Spades (s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Didier Lecour Grandmaison
Capitaine Didier Louis Marie Charles Lecour Grandmaison (18 May 1889 – 10 May 1917) was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.The Aerodrome websitRetrieved 14 August 2020 Biography Lecour Grandmaison was born in Nantes, France on 18 May 1889. In 1907, he entered École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, Saint Cyr as a cadet. Upon graduation, he was posted to cavalry duty in 1910. He served with distinction during the early months of World War I, but transferred to aviation training is early 1915. By May 1915, he was trained. Originally flying with Escadrille C47, he was transferred to Escadrille C46. He succeeded to command of C46 in 1916. After two victories, he was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor on 1 October 1916. After three more victories, he was killed in action along with his two gunners on 10 May 1917. A cross-reference of French losses with German victory records shows that Lecour Grandmaison and his gunners were probably the 19th victims o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Hugues
Lieutenant Colonel Marcel Anatole Marie Esprit Hugues (5 January 1892 - 14 July 1982) was a French flying ace during World War I. He served before, during, and after the war, as he was a professional soldier. Later, he came out of retirement for World War II service and led Groupe de Chasse II/5 in its opening campaign against the invading Germans. Early life Marcel Anatole Hugues was born in Belfort, France on 5 January 1892. Infantry service Hugues volunteered for a three-year enlistment in the French military on 30 September 1910. He spent most of this enlistment in the ''23e Regiment d'Infanterie''; however, on 15 April 1913, he transferred to the 172e Regiment. On 30 September 1913, he re-enlisted for two more years. On 1 April 1915, he was shifted into the 407e Regiment. On 22 September 1915, he was forwarded to the '' Groupe d'Aviation'' at Avord. During his five years in the infantry, Hugues had been steadily promoted to corporal on 25 April 1911, to sergeant on 28 Sept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuport 23
Nieuport, later Nieuport-Delage, was a French aeroplane company that primarily built racing aircraft before World War I and fighter aircraft during World War I and between the wars. History Beginnings Originally formed as Nieuport-Duplex in 1902 for the manufacture of engine components the company was reformed in 1909 as the Société Générale d'Aéro-locomotion, and its products were marketed to the aviation industry, including ignition components. During this time they built their first aircraft, a small single-seat pod and boom monoplane. This was destroyed shortly after having been flown successfully, during the Great Flood of Paris in 1909 . A second design flew before the end of 1909 and had the essential form of modern aircraft, including an enclosed fuselage with the pilot protected from the slipstream and a horizontal tail whose aerodynamic force acted downwards, balancing the weight of the engine ahead of the centre of gravity, as opposed to upwards as on contempo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuport 24
The Nieuport 24 (or Nieuport XXIV C.1 in contemporary sources) was a World War I French sesquiplane fighter aircraft designed by Gustave Delage as a development of the successful Nieuport 17. The Nieuport 24 had the misfortune to be the penultimate design suited to tactics that were being superseded when it entered service. Its small size, relatively light weight and small engine gave it a significant manoeuvrability advantage in a dog fight. However, larger and heavier fighters that relied almost entirely on speed such as the SPAD VII and Albatros D.III were entering service along with the introduction of ever larger combat formations, which generally negated its manoeuvrability. While its handling was improved slightly, its performance was little better than the previous Nieuport 23 it was meant to replace, and so it was operated alongside larger numbers of the SPAD S.VII, although in November 1917, out of a French frontline fighter strength of 754 aircraft, Nieuports still m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Franks
Norman Leslie Robert Franks (born 1940) is an English militaria writer who specialises in aviation topics. He focuses on the pilots and squadrons of World Wars I and II. Biography He published his first book in 1976. He was an Organisation and Methods Officer with the Nationwide Building Society in London before he retired. He now lives in Bexhill-on-Sea, East Sussex, with his wife Heather. They have two sons, Rob and Mike, and five grandchildren. He was a consultant for the Channel 4 television series ''Dogfight: The Mystery of the Red Baron''. His 1995 book on the Red Baron has been published and reissued by three publishers. He is also one of the founding members of the Cross and Cockade society for World War I aviation historians, which was formed in 1970, and a member of Over the Front, the league of World War I aviation historians. In total, he has authored over 120 books covering military aviation. Published works *Franks, Norman. ''Double Mission: Fighter Pilot and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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