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Escadrille 48
''Escadrille SPA.48'' was a unit of the French Air Force during World War I. Unit history ''Escadrille 48'' was created on 29 March 1915 at Villacoublay near Paris, flying the Morane-Saulnier L. Active throughout the war at various locations on the Western Front, the ''escadrille'' replaced its aircraft with Nieuports in early 1915, then with SPADs at the end of 1916. By 11 November 1918 the pilots of the ''escadrille'' had logged 9,826 flying hours, with 54 confirmed and 48 probable victories, at a cost of 11 killed and 12 wounded. Commanders Notable members * Albert Achard (3 April – 29 September 1915) * René Dousinelle (13 April 1917 – October 1918) * Gilbert de Guingand (22 April 1917 – 22 October 1918) * Auguste Lahoulle (19 May 1916 – 4 January 1917 & 16 October 1917 – January 1918) * René Montrion (6 April 1917 – 28 June 1918) * Jean Navarre (1 – 24 February 1916) * Jacques Roques (2 January 1917 – November 1918) * Armand de Turenne (13 June 191 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roundel Of The French Air Force Before 1945
A roundel is a circular disc used as a symbol. The term is used in heraldry, but also commonly used to refer to a type of national insignia used on military aircraft, generally circular in shape and usually comprising concentric rings of different colours. Other symbols also often use round shapes. Heraldry In heraldry, a ''roundel'' is a circular charge. ''Roundels'' are among the oldest charges used in coats of arms, dating from at least the twelfth century. Roundels in British heraldry have different names depending on their tincture. Thus, while a roundel may be blazoned by its tincture, e.g., ''a roundel vert'' (literally "a roundel green"), it is more often described by a single word, in this case ''pomme'' (literally "apple", from the French) or, from the same origins, ''pomeis''—as in "Vert; on a cross Or five pomeis". One special example of a named roundel is the fountain, depicted as ''a roundel barry wavy argent and azure'', that is, containing alternating horizo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jasta 7
Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 7 was a "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the ''Luftstreitkräfte'', the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I. The unit would score 126 aerial victories (130 claimed) during the war, at the expense of eleven killed in action, two killed in flying accidents, and twelve wounded in action. History On 2 June 1916, a Fokkerstaffel was founded at Martincourt; this temporary grouping was under XVI Corps of 5 Armee. It was quickly superseded on 23 August 1916, when it was designated as Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 7. A month later, on 21 September, it was activated. In Autumn 1917, Jasta 7 joined Jagdgruppe II, along with Jasta 29, Jasta 33, and Jasta 35. The new JG 11 supported 4 Armee, and was commanded by Otto Schmidt. In early 1918, Jasta 7 became part of Jagdgruppe Dixmuiden, along with Jasta 16 and Jasta 51, under command of Oberleutnant Hans-Eberhardt Gandert; it then moved to Rumbeke. It now became part of Jagdgruppe 6, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuport 11
The Nieuport 11 (or Nieuport XI C.1 in contemporary sources), nicknamed the ''Bébé'', was a French World War I single seat sesquiplane fighter aircraft, designed by Gustave Delage. It was the primary aircraft that ended the Fokker Scourge in 1916.Chant & Taylor 2007, p. 14. The type saw service with several of France's allies, and gave rise to the series of "vee-strut" Nieuport fighters that remained in service (latterly as trainers) into the 1920s. Design and development The Nieuport 11 was a scaled down development of the Nieuport 10, designed specifically as a single-seat fighter. Like the "10" the "11" was a sesquiplane, a biplane with a full-sized top wing with two spars, and a lower wing of much narrower chord and a single spar. Interplane struts in the form of a "Vee" joined the upper and lower wings. The sesquiplane layout reduced drag and improved the rate of climb, as well as offering a better view from the cockpit than either biplane or monoplane, while being su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuport 12
The Nieuport 12 (or Nieuport XII in contemporary sources) was a French Biplane#Sesquiplane, sesquiplane reconnaissance, fighter aircraft and trainer used by France, Russia, United Kingdom, Great Britain and the United States during World War I. Later production examples were built as trainers and served widely until the late 1920s. Design and development To improve the performance of the Nieuport 10 a re-engined version was developed as the Nieuport 12 with a significantly enlarged upper wing. A Lewis gun was fitted to the rear cockpit for use by the observer, normally on an Etévé ring (known as the Nieuport ring in British service) although early examples used a pedestal mount or half ring. A second Lewis was sometimes fitted to fire over the top wing. Nieuport 12s built by William Beardmore and Company, Beardmore used by the Royal Flying Corps were sometimes fitted with a Scarff ring instead of the Nieuport ring, and a synchronization gear, synchronized Vickers gun for the pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nieuport 10
The Nieuport 10 (or Nieuport XB in contemporary sources) was a French First World War sesquiplane that filled a wide variety of roles, including reconnaissance, fighter and trainer. Design and development In January 1914, designer Gustave Delage joined the ''Société Anonyme des Etablissements Nieuport'', and started working on a series of aircraft that would remain in production for the remainder of the First World War. The Nieuport 10 was the first of these and was originally designed to compete in the Gordon Bennett Trophy race of 1914. World War I caused this contest to be cancelled, and the type was developed as a military two-seat reconnaissance aircraft that entered service in 1915. The type featured a distinctive "V" strut layout. The lower wing was much smaller in area than the upper wing. The concept was intended to combine the strength, compactness and stability of the biplane's wire braced wing cell with the speed and ease of handling of the monoplane.Spooner, 1917 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmond Caillaux
Edmond Eugene Henri Caillaux (18 February 1896 — 22 January 1943) was a French World War I flying ace credited with five confirmed and three unconfirmed aerial victories. Biography Caillaux was born on 18 February 1896 in Vendôme, France. On 11 March 1915, he volunteered to serve in the military for the war's duration. After serving as a driver and an artilleryman, he transferred to an aviation unit on the Eastern Front. He entered the aviation service on 29 February 1916, trained as a pilot, and received Military Pilot's Brevet No. 4646 on 22 May 1916. He was then returned to the Eastern Front as a pilot. On 1 January 1917, he was transferred to the Western Front; on 28 April 1917, he was posted to '' Escadrille SPA.48''. After three unconfirmed victories, he was credited with downing an Aviatik on 3 December 1917. He would continue to score until 17 June 1918, ending with five confirmed victories.Over the Front: The Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand De Turenne
Colonel Armand Jean Galliot Joseph de Turenne, Marquis de Turenne d'Aubepeyre (1 April 1891 – 10 December 1980) was a French World War I flying ace credited with 15 aerial victories. He went on to serve his nation in the military until 1942. Early life and military career Armand Jean Galliot Joseph de Turenne was born in Le Mans, Sarthe, the son of Guillaume Auguste Alyre Georges de Turenne and Marie Thérèse Madeleine Beaumevieille. On 15 April 1909 he volunteered to join the army for a period of three years, and served in the ''10ème régiment de Chasseurs à cheval'' ("10th Light Cavalry Regiment"). He was promoted to ''brigadier'' ("corporal") on 10 February 1910 and to '' maréchal-des-logis'' ("sergeant") on 27 April 1911. His three years ended 13 April 1912, but he rejoined the army on 22 February 1913 and was posted to the ''21ème régiment de Dragons'' ("21st Dragoon Regiment") based at Saint-Omer. He was promoted to ''maréchal des logis fourrier'' ("quartermast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Roques
Capitaine Jacques Raphaël Roques (2 August 1897 – 24 May 1988) was a Swiss citizen who flew for the French during World War I, where he was credited with five aerial victories. He returned to military service during World War II, and served with the French Resistance from the fall of France to war's end. Background and early life Roques was born in Paris to a Swiss father and a Venezuelan mother. He was still a student when the war broke out in August 1914, and in October 1914, while preparing for his baccalauréat, he attended a preparatory school close to Lycée Carnot where he befriended Robert Bajac, whom he would later serve alongside and share several aerial victories. He then learned to fly, being awarded Aéro-Club de France civilian pilot licence No. 2279 on 15 September 1915, and then volunteered to enlist in the French Army in November. World War I service As a Swiss national Roques was assigned to the Foreign Legion unit '' 2ème régiment étranger'', with servic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Navarre
Jean Marie Dominique Navarre (8 August 1895 – 10 July 1919) was a French aviator during World War I. As one of the pioneer flying aces, he was credited with List of World War I aces credited with 11–14 victories, twelve confirmed aerial victories and fifteen unconfirmed ones. Early life Born on 8 August 1895 in Jouy-sur-Morin, Navarre turned out to be a oppositional defiant disorder, difficult child who challenged his teachers and frequently played truancy, truant with his younger brother. Navarre earned Civil Pilot's Brevet No. 581 on 22 August 1911. This earned him immediate entry into French military aviation in August 1914, when the World War began. World War I service In September 1914, Navarre earned Military Pilot's Brevet No. 601. He was originally assigned to ''Escadrille MF8''.The "MF" designating the unit's use of Maurice Farman aircraft. He then joined the ''MS12'' surveillance aircraft, reconnaissance squadron, flying Morane-Saulnier L aircraft, nicknamed ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Montrion
Adjutant René Montrion (7 August 1896 – 28 June 1918) was a French flying ace during World War I. He was credited with eleven confirmed aerial and eight unconfirmed victories. Early life René Montrion was born in Paris on 7 August 1896. Military service Montrion volunteered for duty while still only 18 years old. After extensive infantry combat experience, which brought a mention in dispatches on 26 September 1915, he transferred to the Army's aviation branch. On 9 October 1916, he began pilot's training at Dijon. Military Pilot's Brevet No. 5328 was awarded to him on 8 February 1917 before he underwent advanced training at Avord and Pau. On 6 April 1917, he reported to '' Escadrille 48'' as a SPAD pilot. On the 26th, he began a string of ten victories while teamed with such other aces as Jacques Roques, Gilbert de Guingand, Armand de Turenne, and René Dousinelle. By his eleventh victory on 17 June 1918, he had been proposed for the ''Légion d'honneur''. He was killed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Lahoulle
Général Auguste Joseph Marie Lahoulle was a French military officer who began his career as a World War I flying ace. He was a double ace during the war, credited with List of World War I aces credited with 10 victories, ten confirmed aerial victories. Service before and during World War I Ground service Auguste Lahoulle began a four-year enlistment on 10 October 1910. He was promoted to enlisted ''brigadier'' and sent to École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr as an ''aspirant'' on 12 October 1911. He was subsequently commissioned as a ''sous-lieutenant'' and assigned to heavy cavalry. He became one of the first casualties of the war, suffering a serious wounding and medical evacuation on 9 August 1914. On 1 October, he was promoted to lieutenant; on 21 December, he returned to combat duty. Nine days later, he was appointed a ''Chevalier'' in the ''Légion d'honneur''.Franks, Bailey, p. 181. Aerial service On 13 April 1916, he was seconded to aviation duty to train as an obser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert De Guingand
Sous lieutenant Gilbert Marie de Guingand was a French World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories before being killed in a flying accident. Early life Gilbert Marie de Guingand was born at Viroflay, France on 21 July 1891. He began his military service in the '' 21e Regiment d'Infanterie Coloniale'' before transferring to aviation. World War I After transferring to aviation service, de Guingand trained until he received Pilot's Brevet number 2722 on 21 February 1916. He was assigned to Escadrille C34, a Caudron squadron, in July 1916. He subsequently retrained as a fighter pilot. He was then posted to Escadrille N15, a Nieuwpoort unit. On 20 April 1917, he spent a single day in Escadrille N88 as it was forming; however, on 22 April he joined Escadrille N48, still another Nieuwpoort squadron. He began his string of aerial victories there.While the initial letter(s) such as "C", "N", "Spa", et cetera, in escadrille designations denoted the equipment assigned to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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