|
Erysiphe Azerbaijanica
''Erysiphe azerbaijanica'' is a species of powdery mildew in the family Erysiphaceae. It is found in Azerbaijan, where it grows on the leaves of sweet chestnut trees. Taxonomy The fungus was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Lamiya Abasova, Dilzara Aghayeva, and Susumu Takamatsu. The type specimen was collected near Baş Küngüt village (Shaki District), where it was found growing on sweet chestnut (''Castanea sativa''). Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the species forms its own clade in the ''Microsphaera'' lineage of genus ''Erysiphe''. The species epithet refers to the country of the type locality. Description The fungus forms thin, white irregular patches on both sides of the leaves of its host. Foot cells are cylindrical and straight, typically measuring 31–53 by 5–7 μm. The conidia are mostly cylindrical and oblong with dimensions of 33–48 by 14–16 μm; they have a length/width ratio of 2–3.6. ''Erysiphe alphitoides'', '' E. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any above-ground part of the plant. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger and denser as large numbers of asexual spores are formed, and the mildew may spread up and down the length of the plant. Powdery mildew grows well in environments with high humidity and moderate temperatures. Greenhouses provide an ideal moist, temperate environment for the spread of the disease. This causes harm to agricultural and horticultural practices where powdery mildew may thrive in a greenhouse setting. In an agricultural or horticultural setting, the pathogen can be controlle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanical Name
A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the '' International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN) and, if it concerns a plant cultigen, the additional cultivar or Group epithets must conform to the ''International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants'' (ICNCP). The code of nomenclature covers "all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae ( Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia)." The purpose of a formal name is to have a single name that is accepted and used worldwide for a particular plant or plant group. For example, the botanical name ''Bellis perennis'' denotes a plant species which is native to most of the countries of Europe and the Middle East, where it has accumulated various names in many languages. Later, the plant was intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy). This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Friedrich Burdach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erysiphe Castaneigena
''Erysiphe'' is a genus of fungi in the family Erysiphaceae. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens which cause powdery mildew. Species This genus includes, but is not limited to the following species: * ''Erysiphe alphitoides'' * ''Erysiphe azerbaijanica'' * ''Erysiphe betae'' * '' Erysiphe brunneopunctata'' * ''Erysiphe cichoracearum'' * ''Erysiphe communis'' * ''Erysiphe cruciferarum'' * ''Erysiphe fernandoae'' * '' Erysiphe flexuosa'' * ''Erysiphe heraclei'' * ''Erysiphe lespedezae'' 1. Xiao, Y.-T., C.-J. Wang, T.-C. Huang, and Y.-M. Shen. 2020. Erysiphe lespedezae causing powdery mildew on Bauhinia variegata, B. blakeana and Desmodium caudatum in Taiwan. Forest Pathology 50(5):e12631. * ''Erysiphe michikoae'' * ''Erysiphe nitida * ''Erysiphe pisi'' * ''Erysiphe polygoni'' * ''Erysiphe robiniae'' * ''Erysiphe syringae'' Former species * ''Blumeria graminis'' * ''Uncinula necator ''Uncinula necator'' (syn. ''Erysiphe necator'') is a fungus that causes powde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erysiphe Castaneae
''Erysiphe'' is a genus of fungi in the family Erysiphaceae. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens which cause powdery mildew. Species This genus includes, but is not limited to the following species: * ''Erysiphe alphitoides'' * ''Erysiphe azerbaijanica'' * ''Erysiphe betae'' * '' Erysiphe brunneopunctata'' * ''Erysiphe cichoracearum'' * ''Erysiphe communis'' * ''Erysiphe cruciferarum'' * ''Erysiphe fernandoae'' * '' Erysiphe flexuosa'' * ''Erysiphe heraclei'' * ''Erysiphe lespedezae'' 1. Xiao, Y.-T., C.-J. Wang, T.-C. Huang, and Y.-M. Shen. 2020. Erysiphe lespedezae causing powdery mildew on Bauhinia variegata, B. blakeana and Desmodium caudatum in Taiwan. Forest Pathology 50(5):e12631. * ''Erysiphe michikoae'' * ''Erysiphe nitida * ''Erysiphe pisi'' * ''Erysiphe polygoni'' * ''Erysiphe robiniae'' * ''Erysiphe syringae'' Former species * ''Blumeria graminis'' * ''Uncinula necator ''Uncinula necator'' (syn. ''Erysiphe necator'') is a fungus that causes powde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erysiphe Alphitoides
''Erysiphe alphitoides'' is a species of fungus which causes powdery mildew on oak trees. Discovery and taxonomy Today oak powdery mildew is one of the most common diseases in European forests but it is thought to not always have been present in these forests. The first reports of the disease were made in Paris and other regions of France, Spain, Luxembourg and the Netherlands in 1907. By 1908 the disease had spread into many other European countries, becoming an epidemic. By 1909 it had reached Russia and Turkey, followed by Brazil in 1912 and soon after was distributed around the world. The sudden outbreak of the disease puzzled mycologists as they were unsure about the origin of the pathogen. Its anamorph was easily distinguished from ''Phyllactinia guttata'' which had previously been reported to cause powdery mildew on oaks in Europe at low intensity. It did however share morphological similarities with '' Oïdium quercinum'', '' Calocladia penicillata'' and '' Microsphaer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conidia
A conidium ( ; ), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (), is an asexual, non-motile spore of a fungus. The word ''conidium'' comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, ('). They are also called mitospores due to the way they are generated through the cellular process of mitosis. The two new haploid cells are genetically identical to the haploid parent, and can develop into new organisms if conditions are favorable, and serve in biological dispersal. Asexual reproduction in ascomycetes (the phylum Ascomycota) is by the formation of conidia, which are borne on specialized stalks called conidiophores. The morphology of these specialized conidiophores is often distinctive between species and, before the development of molecular techniques at the end of the 20th century, was widely used for identification of (''e.g.'' ''Metarhizium'') species. The terms microconidia and macroconidia are sometimes used. Conidiogenesis There are two main types of conidium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrometre
The micrometre ( international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-" = ); that is, one millionth of a metre (or one thousandth of a millimetre, , or about ). The nearest smaller common SI unit is the nanometre, equivalent to one thousandth of a micrometre, one millionth of a millimetre or one billionth of a metre (). The micrometre is a common unit of measurement for wavelengths of infrared radiation as well as sizes of biological cells and bacteria, and for grading wool by the diameter of the fibres. The width of a single human hair ranges from approximately 20 to . The longest human chromosome, chromosome 1, is approximately in length. Examples Between 1 μm and 10 μm: * 1–10 μm – length of a typical bacterium * 3–8 μm – width of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Host (biology)
In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasite, parasitic, a mutualism (biology), mutualistic, or a commensalism, commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include animals playing host to parasitic worms (e.g. nematodes), cell (biology), cells harbouring pathogenic (disease-causing) viruses, a Fabaceae, bean plant hosting mutualistic (helpful) Rhizobia, nitrogen-fixing bacteria. More specifically in botany, a host plant supplies nutrient, food resources to micropredators, which have an evolutionarily stable strategy, evolutionarily stable relationship with their hosts similar to ectoparasitism. The host range is the collection of hosts that an organism can use as a partner. Symbiosis Symbiosis spans a wide variety of possible relationships between organisms, differing in their permanence and their effects on the two parties. If one of the partners in an ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Locality (biology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erysiphe
''Erysiphe'' is a genus of fungi in the family Erysiphaceae. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens which cause powdery mildew. Species This genus includes, but is not limited to the following species: * ''Erysiphe alphitoides'' * '' Erysiphe azerbaijanica'' * ''Erysiphe betae'' * '' Erysiphe brunneopunctata'' * ''Erysiphe cichoracearum'' * '' Erysiphe communis'' * ''Erysiphe cruciferarum'' * ''Erysiphe fernandoae'' * '' Erysiphe flexuosa'' * ''Erysiphe heraclei'' * ''Erysiphe lespedezae'' 1. Xiao, Y.-T., C.-J. Wang, T.-C. Huang, and Y.-M. Shen. 2020. Erysiphe lespedezae causing powdery mildew on Bauhinia variegata, B. blakeana and Desmodium caudatum in Taiwan. Forest Pathology 50(5):e12631. * ''Erysiphe michikoae'' * ''Erysiphe nitida * ''Erysiphe pisi'' * ''Erysiphe polygoni'' * ''Erysiphe robiniae'' * ''Erysiphe syringae'' Former species * ''Blumeria graminis'' * ''Uncinula necator ''Uncinula necator'' (syn. ''Erysiphe necator'') is a fungus that causes pow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erysiphaceae
Erysiphales are an order of ascomycete fungi. The order contains one family, Erysiphaceae. Many of them cause plant diseases called powdery mildew. Systematics The order contains one family (Erysiphaceae), 28 genera and approximately 100 species. Many imperfect fungi (fungi whose sexual reproduction is unknown) belong here, especially the genus '' Oidium''. Recent molecular data have revealed the existence of six main evolutionary lineages. Clade 1 consists of ''Erysiphe'', ''Microsphaera'', and ''Uncinula'', all of which have an ''Oidium'' subgenus ''Pseudoidium'' mitosporic state. Clade 2 consists of '' Erysiphe galeopsidis'' and '' Erysiphe cumminsiana'' (anamorphs in ''Oidium'' subgenus ''Striatoidium''). Clade 3 consists of ''Erysiphe'' species with anamorphs in ''Oidium'' subgenus ''Reticuloidium''. Clade 4 consists of ''Leveillula'' and ''Phyllactinia'', which have ''Oidiopsis'' and ''Ovulariopsis'' mitosporic states, respectively. Clade 5 consists of '' Sphaerotheca'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Botanical Name")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Host (biology)")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Type Locality (biology)")