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Eopterosauria
Eopterosauria is a group of basal pterosaurs from the Triassic, which form their own clade. The term was first used in Andres ''et al.'' (2014) to include ''Preondactylus'', ''Austriadactylus'', ''Peteinosaurus'' and Eudimorphodontidae. Inside the group were two other new clades, Preondactylia, which included ''Preondactylus'' and ''Austriadactylus'', and Eudimorphodontoidea, to include Eudimorphodontidae and Raeticodactylidae. Eopterosauria was defined as "the least inclusive clade containing ''Preondactylus buffarinii'' and ''Eudimorphodon ranzii''". The specimen BSP 1994, previously assigned to ''Eudimorphodon'', was named the separate taxon ''Austriadraco'' in 2015, and assigned to the new family Austriadraconidae, but further classification was not described. The following phylogenetic analysis follows the topology of Andres ''et al.'' (2014). In a 2020 study of early pterosaur interrelationships carried out by Matthew G. Baron, no evidence was found to support the existen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudimorphodontoidea
Eopterosauria is a group of basal pterosaurs from the Triassic, which form their own clade. The term was first used in Andres ''et al.'' (2014) to include ''Preondactylus'', ''Austriadactylus'', ''Peteinosaurus'' and Eudimorphodontidae. Inside the group were two other new clades, Preondactylia, which included ''Preondactylus'' and ''Austriadactylus'', and Eudimorphodontoidea, to include Eudimorphodontidae and Raeticodactylidae. Eopterosauria was defined as "the least inclusive clade containing ''Preondactylus buffarinii'' and ''Eudimorphodon ranzii''". The specimen BSP 1994, previously assigned to ''Eudimorphodon'', was named the separate taxon ''Austriadraco'' in 2015, and assigned to the new family Austriadraconidae, but further classification was not described. The following phylogenetic analysis follows the topology of Andres ''et al.'' (2014). In a 2020 study of early pterosaur interrelationships carried out by Matthew G. Baron, no evidence was found to support the existenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterosaurs
Pterosaurs (; from Greek ''pteron'' and ''sauros'', meaning "wing lizard") is an extinct clade of flying reptiles in the order, Pterosauria. They existed during most of the Mesozoic: from the Late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous (228 to 66 million years ago). Pterosaurs are the earliest vertebrates known to have evolved powered flight. Their wings were formed by a membrane of skin, muscle, and other tissues stretching from the ankles to a dramatically lengthened fourth finger. There were two major types of pterosaurs. Basal pterosaurs (also called 'non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs' or 'rhamphorhynchoids') were smaller animals with fully toothed jaws and, typically, long tails. Their wide wing membranes probably included and connected the hind legs. On the ground, they would have had an awkward sprawling posture, but the anatomy of their joints and strong claws would have made them effective climbers, and some may have even lived in trees. Basal pterosaurs were insectiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zambellisauria
Pterosaurs (; from Greek ''pteron'' and ''sauros'', meaning "wing lizard") is an extinct clade of flying reptiles in the order, Pterosauria. They existed during most of the Mesozoic: from the Late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous (228 to 66 million years ago). Pterosaurs are the earliest vertebrates known to have evolved powered flight. Their wings were formed by a membrane of skin, muscle, and other tissues stretching from the ankles to a dramatically lengthened fourth finger. There were two major types of pterosaurs. Basal pterosaurs (also called 'non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs' or 'rhamphorhynchoids') were smaller animals with fully toothed jaws and, typically, long tails. Their wide wing membranes probably included and connected the hind legs. On the ground, they would have had an awkward sprawling posture, but the anatomy of their joints and strong claws would have made them effective climbers, and some may have even lived in trees. Basal pterosaurs were insectiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preondactylia
Pterosaurs (; from Greek ''pteron'' and ''sauros'', meaning "wing lizard") is an extinct clade of flying reptiles in the order, Pterosauria. They existed during most of the Mesozoic: from the Late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous (228 to 66 million years ago). Pterosaurs are the earliest vertebrates known to have evolved powered flight. Their wings were formed by a membrane of skin, muscle, and other tissues stretching from the ankles to a dramatically lengthened fourth finger. There were two major types of pterosaurs. Basal pterosaurs (also called 'non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs' or 'rhamphorhynchoids') were smaller animals with fully toothed jaws and, typically, long tails. Their wide wing membranes probably included and connected the hind legs. On the ground, they would have had an awkward sprawling posture, but the anatomy of their joints and strong claws would have made them effective climbers, and some may have even lived in trees. Basal pterosaurs were insec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raeticodactylidae
Raeticodactylidae is a family of eudimorphodontoid eopterosaurian pterosaurs that lived in Switzerland during the Late Triassic. The family includes ''Caviramus'', and the type genus ''Raeticodactylus'', which are both known from the Kössen Formation, around 205 mya. Raeticodactylidae was first used in 2014 by Andres ''et al.'', as a group of all pterosaurs closer to ''Raeticodactylus'' than ''Eudimorphodon''. The following phylogenetic analysis follows the topology of Andres ''et al.'' (2014). In 2020 however, a study upheld by Matthew G. Baron about early pterosaur interrelationships found no evidence to support the existence of the clade Eopterosauria (the clade of which raeticodactylids might also belong to) as an early diverging clade within the Pterosauria, therefore, he sunk both ''Caviramus'' and ''Raeticodactylus'' within a clade he called Caviramidae Caviramidae is a group of basal pterosaurs. It was erected by paleontologist Matthew G. Baron in 2020. It was defin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudimorphodontidae
Eudimorphodontidae is an extinct family of early pterosaurs from the Late Triassic (Late Carnian to Late Rhaetian age) of Europe.Barrett, P. M., Butler, R. J., Edwards, N. P., & Milner, A. R. (2008). Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. ''Zitteliana'', 61-107/ref> It was named by Peter Wellnhofer in 1978 to include ''Eudimorphodon ranzii''. Some phylogenetic analyses suggested that Eudimorphodontidae is a junior synonym of Campylognathoididae,Kellner, A. W. A., (2003): Pterosaur phylogeny and comments on the evolutionary history of the group. pp. 105-137. — ''in'' Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.): ''Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs''. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 217, London, 1-347Dalla Vecchia, F.M. (2009). "Anatomy and systematics of the pterosaur ''Carniadactylus'' (gen. n.) ''rosenfeldi'' (Dalla Vecchia, 1995)." ''Rivista Italiana de Paleontologia e Stratigrafia'', 115(2): 159-188. however more comprehensive analyses foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterosaur
Pterosaurs (; from Greek ''pteron'' and ''sauros'', meaning "wing lizard") is an extinct clade of flying reptiles in the order, Pterosauria. They existed during most of the Mesozoic: from the Late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous (228 to 66 million years ago). Pterosaurs are the earliest vertebrates known to have evolved powered flight. Their wings were formed by a membrane of skin, muscle, and other tissues stretching from the ankles to a dramatically lengthened fourth finger. There were two major types of pterosaurs. Basal pterosaurs (also called 'non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs' or 'rhamphorhynchoids') were smaller animals with fully toothed jaws and, typically, long tails. Their wide wing membranes probably included and connected the hind legs. On the ground, they would have had an awkward sprawling posture, but the anatomy of their joints and strong claws would have made them effective climbers, and some may have even lived in trees. Basal pterosaurs were insectiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raeticodactylus Filisurensis
''Raeticodactylus'' is a genus of non-pterodactyloid pterosaur from the late Norian-early Rhaetian-age Upper Triassic lower Kössen Formation of the central Austroalpine of Grisons, Switzerland. It is known from holotype BNM 14524, a single disarticulated partial skeleton including an almost complete skull, found in August 2005. This genus was named and described in 2008 by its discoverer Rico Stecher; the type species is ''Raeticodactylus filisurensis''. The specific name refers to Filisur. Online First Description ''Raeticodactylus'' had a tall thin bony crest running along the midline of the front of the upper jaw, and a keel on the lower jaw; however, it does not seem to be closely related to ''Austriadactylus'', the only other crested Triassic pterosaur named by the time ''Raeticodactylus'' was described. The teeth at the front of the upper jaw, in the premaxillae, were fanglike, whereas the teeth in the upper cheeks (the maxillae) had three, four, or five cusps, similar t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caviramidae
Caviramidae is a group of basal pterosaurs. It was erected by paleontologist Matthew G. Baron in 2020. It was defined as the least inclusive clade that includes '' Arcticodactylus cromptonellus'' and ''Caviramus schesaplanensis''. The members of Caviramidae are also considered to belong to either the family Eudimorphodontidae (''Arcticodactylus'' and ''Carniadactylus''), the family Raeticodactylidae (''Caviramus'' and ''Raeticodactylus''), or just basal eopterosaurians (''Austriadraco'' and '' Seazzadactylus''). However, Baron, the author of Caviramidae, concluded in his analyses that both Eopterosauria and Eudimorphodontidae are not monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ... groups, therefore he created the family Caviramidae to contain most of the eudimorpho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudimorphodon Ranzii
''Eudimorphodon'' was a pterosaur that was discovered in 1973 by Mario Pandolfi in the town of Cene, Italy and described the same year by Rocco Zambelli. The nearly complete skeleton was retrieved from shale deposited during the Late Triassic (mid to late Norian stage),Wellnhofer, P. (1991). "Summary of Triassic Pterosaurs." ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs.'' London, UK: Salamander Books Limited. p. 67. . making ''Eudimorphodon'' one of the oldest pterosaurs known.Cranfield, I. ''The Illustrated Directory of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Creatures''. London: Salamander Books, Ltd. Pp. 280–281. It had a wingspan of about and at the end of its long bony tail may have been a diamond-shaped flap like in the later ''Rhamphorhynchus''. If so, the flap may have helped it steer while maneuvering in the air. ''Eudimorphodon'' is known from several skeletons, including juvenile specimens. Discovery and species ''Eudimorphodon'' currently includes one species, the type sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carniadactylus Rosenfeldi
''Carniadactylus'' is a genus of pterosaur which existed in Europe during the Late Triassic period (late Carnian or early Norian, about 228 million years agoBarrett, P. M., Butler, R. J., Edwards, N. P., & Milner, A. R. (2008). Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. ''Zitteliana'', 61-107/ref>). The genus contains a single species, ''Carniadactylus rosenfeldi''. Description ''Carniadactylus'' was similar in appearance and anatomy to its close relative ''Eudimorphodon'', though it was significantly smaller. Like ''Eudimorphodon'', it is notable for its complex multi-cusped teeth. Despite their similarities, the size difference between these two pterosaurs likely meant that they occupied different niches and relied on different food sources. This is supported by studies of their teeth. While similar in construction, the teeth of ''Carniadactylus'' show little to no wear, unlike the larger, fish-eating ''Eudimorphodon'', which may have been able to chew its food. The sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arcticodactylus Cromptonellus
''Arcticodactylus'' is a genus of basal pterosaur living during the Late Triassic in the area of present Greenland. Its only species was previously attributed to ''Eudimorphodon'', and its closest relatives may have been ''Eudimorphodon'' or ''Austriadraco''. History of discovery In 1989, William Amaral on the McKnight Bjerg in the east of Greenland discovered a rich fossil site. It was excavated in 1991 and 1992. Part of the material was a small skeleton of a pterosaur. In 2001, Farish Jenkins, Neil Shubin, Stephen Gatesy and Kevin Padian named and described it as a new species of ''Eudimorphodon'': ''Eudimorphodon cromptonellus''. The specific name honors Professor Alfred Walter Crompton. The suffix ''~ellus'', in Latin indicating a diminutive, alluded to the small size of the specimen. The holotype, MGUH VP 3393, was found in the Carlsberg Fjord Beds of the Ørsted Dal Member of the Fleming Fjord Formation dating from the Norian – Rhaetian. It consists of a partial skel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
