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Enno II, Count Of Ostfriesland
Enno II of East Frisia (1505 – 24 September 1540 in Emden) was the son of Edzard I of East Frisia. In 1528 he became count of East Frisia. For most of his life he ruled together with Johan I of East Frisia, who remained Catholic, while Enno was Lutheran. Enno II lost Jever because he failed to fulfill the marriage obligations his father had arranged for him to Maria of Jever. Enno and his brother Johan were supposed to marry the heirs of Jever, but Enno broke off the arrangement, which greatly offended Maria of Jever, who as a result became a lifelong enemy of Enno. She made sure that Jever was given to the County of Oldenburg after her death. Enno also voluntarily relinquished Butjadingen at his marriage to Anna of Oldenburg (1501–1575). Only Harlingerland remained, ruled by the aggressive chieftain, Balthasar Oomkens von Esens. Enno drove out Balthasar in 1530, but he returned and devastated East Frisia with help from the duke of Guelders. Enno was forced to recognise Bal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edzard I Of East Frisia
Edzard I, also Edzard the Great (15 January 1462 in Greetsiel – 14 February 1528 in Emden) was count of East Frisia from 1491 until his death in 1528. Edzard succeeded his brother Enno in 1492. He fought with George, Duke of Saxony over Friesland and Groningen. The city of Groningen accepted him as its lord in 1506, but in 1514 renounced him again in favor of Charles of Guelders. After he returned from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1492, he took over the rule of East Frisia together with his mother Theda. After his mother died in 1494, he ruled together with his less significant brother Uko. Edzard's rule was characterized by his energetic approach against his opponents, the East Frisian leaders Hero Oomkens from Harlingerland and Edo Wiemken from Jever, whom he quickly managed to subdue. He was also a supporter of the Protestant Reformation in his territories, through the creation of new East Frisian laws, the reform of the coinage and the introduction of primogeniture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Guelders
The Duchy of Guelders ( nl, Gelre, french: Gueldre, german: Geldern) is a historical duchy, previously county, of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Low Countries. Geography The duchy was named after the town of Geldern (''Gelder'') in present-day Germany. Though the present province of Gelderland (English also ''Guelders'') in the Netherlands occupies most of the area, the former duchy also comprised parts of the present Dutch province of Limburg as well as those territories in the present-day German state of North Rhine-Westphalia that were acquired by Prussia in 1713. Four parts of the duchy had their own centres, as they were separated by rivers: * the quarter of Roermond, also called Upper Quarter or Upper Guelders – upstream on both sides of the Maas, comprising the town of Geldern as well as Erkelenz, Goch, Nieuwstadt, Venlo and Straelen; spatially separated from the Lower Quarters (Gelderland): * the quarter of the county Zutphen, also called the Achterhoek – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Focko Ukena
Focko Ukena ( Neermoor, 1360 or 1370 – 1435) was an East Frisian chieftain (''hovetling'') who played an important part in the struggle between the Vetkopers and Schieringers in the provinces of Groningen and Friesland. Aside from this he was one of the leading figures in the resistance against the forts of stately authority in East-Frisia of the tom Brok family. Frisian freedom Medieval and early modern Frisia (roughly the modern Dutch provinces of Groningen and Friesland, and the German coastal region of East Frisia) enjoyed what was known as the Frisian freedom, where virtually no state authority was exerted on the populace. This freedom was threatened from several sides. In what is now East Frisia, the family of tom Brok was attempting to establish a dynasty. In what is now the province of Friesland, the counts of Holland were expanding their influence. The city of Groningen was also trying to expand its power. Through all of this the rivalry of the Vetkopers and Schie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard VII, Lord Of Lippe
Bernard VII of Lippe (4 December 1428 – 2 April 1511) was the ruler of the Lordship of Lippe from 1429 until his death. Because of the many bloody feuds in which he was involved, he was nicknamed "the Bellicose". He is the longest-ever ruling European nobleman. Life He was the son of Lord Simon IV of Lippe and his wife, Margaret of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. He inherited Lippe in 1429, before his first birthday. He stood under the regency and guardianship of his uncle Otto. After Otto died in 1446, his great-uncle Archbishop Dietrich II of Cologne was appointed regent. Dietrich was represented in Lippe by his ''Amtmann'', Johann Möllenbeck. In 1444, Bernard VII concluded a treaty with Duke Adolph I of Cleves-Mark, in which he ceded to Adolph a 50% share in the city of Lippstadt, which had been mortgaged to Cleves. At the same time, he joined an alliance, which made him a party in the so-called Feud of Soest against Archbishop Dietrich II of Cologne. In 1447, Dietrich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conrad V, Count Of Rietberg
Count Conrad V of Rietberg (died 31 October 1472) was Count of Rietberg from 1428 until his death. His father was Count Conrad IV of Rietberg. Marriage and issue Conrad married before 1450 to Jacoba (d. 23 February 1492), a daughter of Count Gumprecht II of Neuenahr and Margaret of Limburg-Broich. They had six children: * John I, succeeded Conrad V in 1472 as Count of Rietberg and ruled until his death in 1516 * Emegart, married in 1443 to Arnd Balke * Conrad (d, 1508), was elected prince-bishop of Osnabrück on 2 February 1482, and became prince-bishop of Münster in 1497 * Simon, was a canon at Cologne * Gumprecht, was mentioned only in 1468 * Margaret, married on 10 March 1483 to Duke Frederick III of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen His grave Conrad V was buried in a section of the cloister of the former Cistercian Marienfeld Abbey which has not been preserved. His grave stone contained a Latin text: : ''Mille quadringentis septuagesimo secundo annis Transactis,'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uko Fockena
Uko Fockena (also known as: "Uko of Oldersum"; , Oldersum (uncertain) – 13 June 1432 near Suurhusen) was an East Frisian chieftain of Moormerland and Emsigerland. Life Uko was one of the sons of the East Frisian chieftain Focko Ukena (born: around 1370; died: 29 August 1436) and his wife Theda of Rheide (born ; died: before 1411). In 1424 Uko acquired together with Udo Poppinga the farm ''tor Brake'' (also spelled ''to Brahe / Brae'') in the Emsland region from the Squire Ecerd von der Bele. His brother-in-law Ocko II tom Brok (''Ocko to Broke''), chief of the Brokmerland asked the abbot of Werden, in a letter dated 17 September 1424, to enfeoff Uko with this farm and confirmed that Uko was by birth a free man, honest and genuine, with four free-born grandparents. Between 1425 and 1427 Uko married Hebe (or Heba) of Dornum, a daughter of Lütet Attena of Dornum and Nesse and Ocka tom Brok, a daughter of Ocko I tom Brok. Documentary evidence exists that the heiress of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enno Edzardisna
Enno Edzardisna (also known as ''Enno Cirksena'', ''Enno Attena'' and rarely ''Enno Syardsna''; – ) was a chieftain of Norden, Lower Saxony, Norden, Greetsiel, Berum and Pilsum in East Frisia. He was the son of the chieftain Edzard II of Appingen-Greetsiel and his wife Doda tom Brok. Enno was a pioneer of the claim of the house Cirksena to the rule over all of East Frisia, which his son finally Ulrich I, Count of East Frisia, Ulrich I formally achieved when he was made an Imperial Count in 1464. Enno's first wife is not documented. He married his second wife Gela Syardsna of Manslagt (d. 1455), a daughter of the chieftain Affo Beninga of Pilsum. After Gela's only son from her first marriage, the chief Liudward Cirksena ("Syrtza") of Berum had died without an heir in the middle 1430s, Gela and her niece Frauwa Cirksena ("Sirtzena") were the only heirs of the Cirksena family in Berum. Enno seized the opportunity. His son Edzard Cirksena, Edzard from his first marriage, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John I, Count Of Rietberg
Count John I of Rietberg ( – 1516) was Count of Rietberg from 1472 until his death. He was the eldest son of Count Conrad V and his wife Jacoba of Neuenahr. When his father died in 1472, he inherited the County of Rietberg. During a traditional boundary inspection tour on 1 May 1474, he shared a keg of beer with the citizens of Rietberg. In 1477, he promised the mayor and city council of Rietberg to restore their ancient rights and privileges and grant them the same rights as the city of Lippstadt. Also in 1477, John's brother Conrad travelled to Rome with John of Roden and his wife Lucke. They raised money for this journey by mortgaging Aldehof manor in Bokel. On 24 April 1481, John I and his wife Margaret joined Marienfeld Abbey, which was led by abbot Abbot is an ecclesiastical title given to the male head of a monastery in various Western religious traditions, including Christianity. The office may also be given as an honorary title to a clergyman who is no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theda Ukena
Theda Ukena (1432 in Oldersum – 16 November 1494 in Greetsiel) was from 1466 to about 1480 regent of the County of East Frisia. Theda was the granddaughter and heiress of the chief Focko Ukena (died 1436) and was born in 1432 in Oldersum as the daughter of Uko Fockena and Heba Attena of Dornum. She was probably named after her grandmother Theda of Reide, the first wife of Focko Ukena. Her father was assassinated in June 1432. In 1455 she was second wife of Ulrich I Cirksena, who had been Count of East Frisia since 1454. Between 1457 and 1465, they had six children: Heba, Gela, Enno I, Edzard I ''the Great'', Ucko and Almuth. Theda brought, among other claims, Oldersum into the marriage, which considerably weakened the ruling chief Wiard of Oldersum. After Ulrich's death in 1466 she took over the official business of the house Cirksena. She was assisted by the chief Sibet Attena. She ruled until about 1480, when her sons Enno I and Edzard I came of age. Theda died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulrich I Of East Frisia
Ulrich I of East Frisia, first count of East Frisia (1408 in Norden – 25 or 26 September 1466, in Emden) was a son of the chieftain Enno Edzardisna of Norden and Greetsiel, and Gela of Manslagt. Biography His father Enno had inherited Norden's Attena, and had become headling of Norden, leaving Ulrich a large inheritance. Ulrich also received the inheritance of the respected family Cirksena through his mother Gela, daughter of Affo Beninga, headling of Pilsum and Manslagt, and Tiadeka Siartze of Berum. Gela and her cousin Frauwa Cirksena ("Sydzena") were the only heirs of the Cirksenas of Berum. Ulrich's father Enno had used the opportunity to arrange a marriage between his son from his first marriage, Ulrich's stepbrother Edzard, and Frauwe. Ulrich and Edzard took their wives' family name and arms. When Edzard and Frauwa died childless in 1441 from the plague, Ulrich inherited the holdings of the Cirksenas of Berum as well. In 1430, together with his father and eldest step ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edzard I, Count Of East Frisia
Edzard I, also Edzard the Great (15 January 1462 in Greetsiel – 14 February 1528 in Emden) was count of East Frisia from 1491 until his death in 1528. Edzard succeeded his brother Enno in 1492. He fought with George, Duke of Saxony over Friesland and Groningen. The city of Groningen accepted him as its lord in 1506, but in 1514 renounced him again in favor of Charles of Guelders. After he returned from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1492, he took over the rule of East Frisia together with his mother Theda. After his mother died in 1494, he ruled together with his less significant brother Uko. Edzard's rule was characterized by his energetic approach against his opponents, the East Frisian leaders Hero Oomkens from Harlingerland and Edo Wiemken from Jever, whom he quickly managed to subdue. He was also a supporter of the Protestant Reformation in his territories, through the creation of new East Frisian laws, the reform of the coinage and the introduction of primogeniture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan II Of East Frisia
Count Johan II of East Frisia (29 September 1538, Aurich – 29 September 1591, Stickhausen Castle) was a member of the House of Cirksena and from 1561 until his death in 1591 co-regent of the county of East Frisia. He ruled jointly with his brother Edzard II. In 1558 the primogeniture of John's mother, the Countess Anna was abolished, presumably to stem the impact of the house Vasa in the county, which was based on the marriage of her eldest son Edzard with Catherine Vasa of Sweden, the eldest daughter of King Gustav I of Sweden. This meant that she abolished Edzard right to be the sole ruler of the county. This led to a de facto division of East Frisia, because Johan, like his mother, was a Calvinist, whereas Edzard II was a Lutheran. Life In 1559, his brother Edzard took Johan to his wedding in Stockholm, where Johan had an affair with Cecilia, the daughter of King Gustav I Vasa (and therefore his sister-in-law). He was caught and was nearly sentenced to death if ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
