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Emanuella Carlbeck
Emanuella Ottiliana Carlbeck (24 August 1829 – 10 September 1901) was a Swedish pedagogue and is counted as a pioneer in the education of students with Intellectual disability.Grunewald, Karl (2009). Från idiot till medborgare: de utvecklingsstördas historia (utgåva 1. uppl.). Stockholm: Gothia. Libris 11309303. (inb.) She founded the first institution for people with Intellectual disabilities in Gothenburg in 1866. The institution included a school, a working home and an asylum for patients. Life Emanuella Carlbeck was the daughter of a vicar, Johan Carlbeck, and Gustava Rebecka Syk, the daughter of a restaurant owner in Karlstad. Emanuella worked as a caretaker and governess as an adult and never married. Her concern for children born with intellectual disabilities was initiated by the birth of her nephew, who had this disability, by her sister Ephraima. In mid 19th-century Sweden, there were no institutions for these children, nor any places in the public eye whatsoever: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intellectual Disability
Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability in the United Kingdom and formerly mental retardation,Rosa's Law, Pub. L. 111-256124 Stat. 2643(2010). is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. It is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living. Intellectual functions are defined under DSM-V as reasoning, problem‑solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning, and learning from instruction and experience, and practical understanding confirmed by both clinical assessment and standardized tests. Adaptive behavior is defined in terms of conceptual, social, and practical skills involving tasks performed by people in their everyday lives. Intellectual disability is subdivided into syndromic intellectual disability, in which intellectual deficits associated with other medical and be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
