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Elections In Colombia
Elections in Colombia are regulated and controlled by the National Electoral Council which provides information on elections and election results in for the politics of Colombia. Colombia elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the people. The ''Congress (''Congreso'') has two chambers. The House of Representatives (''Cámara de Representantes'') has 162 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation. The Senate of the Republic (''Senado de la República'') has 102 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation. Colombia used to have a two-party system, in which it could be difficult for third parties to find success. Politicians from the two main parties tended to win elections when not confronted by strong challengers from their own party (in which cases their traditional opponents tend to win). Since the implementation of the 1991 constitution h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Electoral Council (Colombia)
The National Electoral Council ( es, Consejo Nacional Electoral, CNE) is a Colombian institution under the Colombian Constitution of 1991 which based in Article 265 is in charge of the supreme inspection and vigilance of the electoral organization. The National Electoral Council is supposed to know and decide when and where an election is going to take place. The entity also watches over the Colombian political parties and political movements, their publicity and marketing, polls to guarantee the opposition or minorities also achieve a fair political aspiration. The National Electoral Council also oversees the financing of political campaigns and the rights of citizens to participate in politics within the law. After every election the electoral council is also in charge of counting the votes and determine within the law and rules the overall winners and accredit them with an official identification. The council also must recognize parties and political movements as legal entiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate Of Colombia
The Senate of the Republic of Colombia ( es, Senado de la República de Colombia) is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the House of Representatives. The Senate has 108 members elected for concurrent (non-rotating) four-year terms. Electoral system According to the Colombian Constitution, 100 senators (''senadores'') are elected from a single national constituency. The remaining two are elected in a special national constituency for Indigenous communities. Colombian citizens living outside the country are eligible to vote, although, unlike in the lower house, they have no special representatives in the Senate. For elections to the Senate in the national constituency, political parties or other movements and groups run single lists, with a number of candidates not exceeding the total number of seats to be filled. The current electoral system, adopted in 2003 and modified in 2009 and 2015, requires party lists to pass a 3% threshold in ord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral System
An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and Referendum, referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in business, Nonprofit organization, non-profit organisations and informal organisations. These rules govern all aspects of the voting process: when elections occur, suffrage, who is allowed to vote, who can stand as a candidate, voting method, how ballots are marked and cast, how the ballots are counted, how votes translate into the election outcome, limits on campaign finance, campaign spending, and other factors that can affect the result. Political electoral systems are defined by constitutions and electoral laws, are typically conducted by election commissions, and can use multiple types of elections for different offices. Some electoral systems elect a single winner to a unique position, such as prime ministe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2022 lists the national/federal elections held in 2022 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included. January * 16 January: Serbia, Constitutional Referendum * 19 January: Barbados, House of Assembly * 23 January: '' Northern Cyprus, Parliament'' * 30 January: Portugal, Parliament February * 6 February: Costa Rica, President (1st round) and Parliament * 13 February: Switzerland, Referendums * 27 February: Belarus, Constitutional Referendum March * 9 March: South Korea, President * 12 March: ** '' Abkhazia, Parliament (1st round)'' ** Turkmenistan, President * 13 March: Colombia, House of Representatives and Senate * 19 March: East Timor, President (1st round) * 26 March: ** '' Abkhazia, Parliament (2nd round)'' ** Malta, Parliament * 27 March: Uruguay, Referendum April * 3 April: ** Costa Rica, President (2nd round) ** Hungary, Parliament and Referend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corruption In Colombia
Corruption in Colombia is a pervasive problem at all levels of government, as well as in the military and police forces. A general culture and awareness of this corruption permeates society as a whole. Various factors have contributed to political corruption in Colombia including: drug trafficking, guerrilla and paramilitary conflict, weak surveillance and regulation from institutions, intimidation and harassment of whistle-blowers, and a widespread apathy from society to address unethical behavior. The government is continuously taking steps to measure and reduce levels of corruption at all levels through anti-corruption policies. Initiatives have also been headed by the private sector in the interest of facilitating and encouraging business activities. A Global Corruption Barometer survey from 2010 found that the institutions seen as most corrupt were the political parties and the parliament, followed by the police and public officials, the judiciary and the military. Tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Tiempo (Colombia)
''El Tiempo'' ( en, "Time" or "The Times") is a nationally distributed broadsheet daily newspaper in Colombia launched on January 30th, 1911. , ''El Tiempo'' had the highest circulation in Colombia with an average daily weekday of 1,137,483 readers, rising to 1,921,571 readers for the Sunday edition. From 1913 to 2007, ''El Tiempos main shareholders were members of the Santos Calderón family. Several also participated in Colombian politics: Eduardo Santos Montejo was President of Colombia from 1938 to 1942. Francisco Santos Calderón served as Vice-President (2002–2010). And Juan Manuel Santos as Defense Minister (2006–2009) during Álvaro Uribe's administration; Juan Manuel was elected president of Colombia in 2010 and served in that position until 2018. In 2007, Spanish Grupo Planeta acquired 55% of the ''Casa Editorial El Tiempo'' media group, including the newspaper and its associated TV channel Citytv Bogotá. In 2012, businessman Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo bought th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Parties
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or policy goals. Political parties have become a major part of the politics of almost every country, as modern party organizations developed and spread around the world over the last few centuries. It is extremely rare for a country to have no political parties. Some countries have only one political party while others have several. Parties are important in the politics of autocracies as well as democracies, though usually democracies have more political parties than autocracies. Autocracies often have a single party that governs the country, and some political scientists consider competition between two or more parties to be an essential part of democracy. Parties can develop from existing divisions in society, like the divisions between low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two-party System
A two-party system is a political party system in which two major political parties consistently dominate the political landscape. At any point in time, one of the two parties typically holds a majority in the legislature and is usually referred to as the ''majority'' or ''governing party'' while the other is the ''minority'' or ''opposition party''. Around the world, the term has different meanings. For example, in the United States, the Bahamas, Jamaica, United Kingdom and Zimbabwe, the sense of ''two-party system'' describes an arrangement in which all or nearly all elected officials belong to either of the two major parties, and third parties rarely win any seats in the legislature. In such arrangements, two-party systems are thought to result from several factors, like "winner takes all" or "first past the post" election systems.Regis PublishingThe US System: Winner Takes All Accessed August 12, 2013, "...Winner-take-all rules trigger a cycle that leads to and strengthen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proportional Representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to a type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to geographical (e.g. states, regions) and political divisions (political parties) of the electorate. The essence of such systems is that all votes cast - or almost all votes cast - contribute to the result and are actually used to help elect someone—not just a plurality, or a bare majority—and that the system produces mixed, balanced representation reflecting how votes are cast. "Proportional" electoral systems mean proportional to ''vote share'' and ''not'' proportional to population size. For example, the US House of Representatives has 435 districts which are drawn so roughly equal or "proportional" numbers of people live within each district, yet members of the House are elected in first-past-the-post elections: first-past-the-post is ''not'' proportional by vote share. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Election
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local government. This process is also used in many other private and business organisations, from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations. The global use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype, ancient Athens, where the elections were considered an oligarchic institution and most political offices were filled using sortition, also known as allotment, by which officeholders were chosen by lot. Electoral reform describes the process of introducing fair electoral systems wher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Representatives Of Colombia
The Chamber of Representatives (Spanish: ''Cámara de Representantes'') is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia. It has 172 members elected to four-year terms. Electoral system According to the Colombian Constitution, the Chamber of Representatives, currently composed of 166 representatives serving four-year terms, is elected in territorial constituencies, special constituencies and an international constituency. The departments (and the capital district of Bogotá D.C.) each form territorial electoral constituencies (''circunscripciones territoriales''). Each constituency has at least two members, and one more for every 365,000 inhabitants or fraction greater than 182,500 over and above the initial 365,000. For the legislative term 2014-2018, 161 of the Chamber's 166 members were elected in territorial constituencies. There are also three special constituencies, electing the remaining five members: one for Indigenous communities currently with one representative, one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bicameralism
Bicameralism is a type of legislature, one divided into two separate Deliberative assembly, assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single group. , about 40% of world's national legislatures are bicameral, and about 60% are unicameral. Often, the members of the two chambers are elected or selected by different methods, which vary from Jurisdiction (area), jurisdiction to jurisdiction. This can often lead to the two chambers having very different compositions of members. Enactment of a bill, Enactment of primary legislation often requires a concurrent majority—the approval of a majority of members in each of the chambers of the legislature. When this is the case, the legislature may be called an example of perfect bicameralism. However, in many parliamentary and semi-presidential systems, the house to which the executive is Responsible government, responsi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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