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Eleazar Chisma
''For other people named Eleazer. see: Eleazar (name)'' Eleazar Chisma (Ḥisma; he, אלעזר חסמא, ''"Eleazar Chasma''", or אלעזר בן חסמא, "''Eleazar ben Chasma''") was a tanna (sage) of the second and third generations (2nd century). He was a disciple of Joshua ben Hananiah and Gamaliel II. Etymology He is sometimes referred to as "Eleazar Chisma" and sometimes as "Eleazar ben Chisma"; however, the insertion of the word "ben" seems justifiable.Jewish EncyclopediaELEAZAR (ELIEZER) B. HISMA/ref> "Ḥisma" is not an adjectival cognomen (like the similar nickname acquired by Eleazar ben Shammua), but an indication of location, the place probably being Hizma; hence "ben Ḥisma" means "son of "native of"Ḥisma". Teachings Several ''halakhot'' are preserved under Eleazar's name in the Mishnah. He takes part in halakhic disputes with Eleazar ben Azariah and Rabbi Akiva and with Eliezer ben Jacob I. To him is ascribed the economic rule that the employee is not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eleazar (name)
Eleazar ( he, אלעזר, meaning "God has helped", ''el'azár'') is a common Jewish given name for a male. People with this name The first male known to be given the name was Eleazar, son of Aaron and Kohen Gadol, High Priest of Israel. Other people with this name include: *Eleazar (son of Aminadab), who was entrusted as a keeper of the Ark of the covenant *Eleazar (son of Dodo), one of King David's warriors *Eleazar (son of Pinhas), one of those in charge of the sacred vessels brought back to Jerusalem after the Babylonian Exile *Eleazar Avaran, the younger brother of Judas Maccabeus *Eleazar (2 Maccabees), a Jewish martyr (2 Maccabees chapter 6) *Eleazar ben Ananus, Temple Captain in 66 CE who cancelled the sacrifices to Caesar *Eleazar ben Azariah, first century Mishna, Mishanic scholar *Eleazar ben Arach, one of the ''Tannaim'' of the First century C.E. *Eleazar ben Pedat, an ''Amoraim'' of the 4th Century C.E. *Eleazar Davidman, Israeli tennis player * Eleazar Lipsky, Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amalek
Amalek (; he, עֲמָלֵק, , ar, عماليق ) was a nation described in the Hebrew Bible as a staunch enemy of the Israelites. The name "Amalek" can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau; his descendants, the Amalekites; or the territories of Amalek, which they inhabited. Etymology In some rabbinical interpretations, Amalek is etymologised as , 'a people who lick (blood)', but most specialists regard the origin to be unknown. Amalekites in the Hebrew Bible According to the Bible, Amalek was the son of Eliphaz (himself the son of Esau, ancestor of the Edomites) and Eliphaz's concubine Timna. Timna was a Horite and sister of Lotan. Amalek is described as the "chief of Amalek" among the "chiefs of the sons of Esau", from which it is surmised that he ruled a clan or territory named after him. The Amalekites () were considered to be Amalek's descendants through the genealogy of Esau. In the oracle of Balaam, Amalek was called the 'first of the nations'. One modern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mishnah Rabbis
''Tannaim'' ( Amoraic Hebrew: תנאים , singular , ''Tanna'' "repeaters", "teachers") were the rabbinic sages whose views are recorded in the Mishnah, from approximately 10–220 CE. The period of the ''Tannaim'', also referred to as the Mishnaic period, lasted about 210 years. It came after the period of the ''Zugot'' ("pairs"), and was immediately followed by the period of the '' Amoraim'' ("interpreters"). The root ''tanna'' () is the Talmudic Aramaic equivalent for the Hebrew root ''shanah'' (), which also is the root-word of ''Mishnah''. The verb ''shanah'' () literally means "to repeat hat one was taught and is used to mean "to learn". The Mishnaic period is commonly divided up into five periods according to generations. There are approximately 120 known ''Tannaim''. The ''Tannaim'' lived in several areas of the Land of Israel. The spiritual center of Judaism at that time was Jerusalem, but after the destruction of the city and the Second Temple, Yohanan ben Zakkai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herschell Filipowski
Herschell E. Filipowski (1816 – 12 June 1872), also known as Tzvi Hirsh Filipowski (, ), was a Lithuanian-born British Jewish Hebraist, editor, mathematician, linguist and actuary. Biography Early life Herschell Filipowski was born in Virbalen, Russian Empire (today part of Lithuania) in 1816. He showed great aptitude for the study of mathematics and languages at an early age, and was fortunate in finding a Polish schoolmaster who secretly aided him in acquiring the rudiments of a modern education. Besides his native Yiddish, Filipowski became conversant in Polish, Russian, Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, English, Spanish, French, German, and Chinese, and at age 15 he published ''An Almanac for One Hundred Years'' in both Polish and Russian. In 1839 he emigrated to England, and received an appointments as Teacher of Hebrew and Oriental languages at the Jews' College and the West Metropolitan Jewish School. His first published work was ''Mo'ed Mo'adim'' on the Jewish, Karaite, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakob Brüll
{{disambiguation ...
Jakob may refer to: People * Jakob (given name), including a list of people with the name * Jakob (surname), including a list of people with the name Other * Jakob (band), a New Zealand band, and the title of their 1999 EP * Max Jakob Memorial Award, annual award to scholars in the field of heat transfer * Ohel Jakob synagogue (Munich) See also * Jacob (other) * St. Jacob (other) St. Jacob is James, son of Zebedee, or Saint James the Great. James is used as a translation of the Hebrew name Jacob (Ya'akov). St. Jacob, St. Jacobs or St. Jakob may also refer to: People *Saint James (other) * Saint Jacob of Alaska, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avot Of Rabbi Natan
Avot de-Rabbi Nathan (), usually printed together with the minor tractates of the Talmud, is a Jewish aggadic work probably compiled in the geonic era (c.700–900 CE). Although Avot de-Rabbi Nathan is the first and longest of the " minor tractates", it probably does not belong in that collection chronologically, having more the character of a late midrash. In the form now extant it contains a mixture of Mishnah and Midrash, and may be technically designated as a homiletical exposition of the Mishnaic tractate Pirkei Avot, having for its foundation an older recension (version) of that tractate. It may be considered as a kind of "tosefta" or "gemarah" to the Mishna Avot, which does not possess a traditional gemarah. Avot de-Rabbi Nathan contains many teachings, proverbs, and incidents that are not found anywhere else in the early rabbinical literature. Other rabbinical sayings appear in a more informal style than what is found in Pirkei Avot. The two existing forms (recensions) of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirkei Avot
Pirkei Avot ( he, פִּרְקֵי אָבוֹת; also transliterated as ''Pirqei Avoth'' or ''Pirkei Avos'' or ''Pirke Aboth''), which translates to English as Chapters of the Fathers, is a compilation of the ethics, ethical teachings and Maxim (saying), maxims from Rabbinic Judaism, Rabbinic Jewish tradition. It is part of didactic Jewish Musar literature, ethical literature. Because of its contents, the name is sometimes given as Ethics of the Fathers. Pirkei Avot consists of the Mishnaic Talmud, tractate of ''Avot'', the second-to-last tractate in the order of Nezikin in the Mishnah, plus one additional chapter. Avot is unique in that it is the only tractate of the Mishnah dealing ''solely'' with ethical and moral principles; there is relatively little halakha (laws) in Pirkei Avot. Translation of the title In the title ''Pirkei Avot'', the word "pirkei" is Hebrew for "chapters of". The word ''avot'' means "fathers", and thus ''Pirkei Avot'' is often rendered in English as " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niddah
Niddah (or nidah; he, נִדָּה), in traditional Judaism, describes a woman who has experienced a uterine discharge of blood (most commonly during menstruation), or a woman who has menstruated and not yet completed the associated requirement of immersion in a ''mikveh'' (ritual bath). In the Book of Leviticus, the Torah prohibits sexual intercourse with a ''niddah''. The prohibition has been maintained in traditional Jewish law and by the Samaritans. It has largely been rejected by adherents of Reform Judaism and other liberal branches. In rabbinic Judaism, additional stringencies and prohibitions have accumulated over time, increasing the scope of various aspects of niddah, including: duration (12-day minimum for Ashkenazim, and 11 days for Sephardim); expanding to prohibition against sex to include: sleeping in adjoining beds, any physical contact, and even passing objects to spouse; and requiring a detailed ritual purification process. Since the late 19th century, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinnim
Kinnim (Hebrew: ) is a tractate in the order of Kodshim in the Mishna. The name, meaning "nests", refers to the tractate's subject matter of errors in bird-offerings. It is the last tractate in the order, because of its shortness (3 chapters) and because it deals with a very rare and unusual area of Jewish law. The premise of the tractate is the obligatory bird-offering that has to be brought by certain people (for instance Nazirites at the completion of their vow and women after childbirth). The offering consists of a pair of birds, one for a sin-offering and the other for a peace-offering. A common practice was to purchase a cage with two birds, without designating which one was for which type of sacrifice. The Kohen would then allocate a sacrifice to a bird. However, the complication is that a cage (consisting of a pair of birds) cannot have both birds offered as one type of sacrifice. The result is that if birds become mixed up (whether completely or a number of birds flies fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johanan Ben Nuri
Rabbi Yochanan ben Nuri (Hebrew: יוחנן בן נורי) was a ''tannaim, tanna'' of the 1st and 2nd centuries. Biography He initially studied under the watch of Gamaliel II, Rabban Gamliel of Yavne and senior of Rabbi Akiva, and later took up residence in Beit She'arim (Roman-era Jewish village). A great halakist, always provided with satisfactory answers to all questions, he was familiarly called "pedler's basket" or "bundle of halakot"; the number and diversity of halakot cited under his name in the Mishnah alone, about 40, justify those titles. Besides exhaustive rabbinical knowledge, he acquired familiarity with the general science of his time, especially geometry. It was said of him, as of his colleague R. Eleazar Chisma, that he could approximately state the number of drops contained in the sea. Also like R. Eleazar Chisma, he was very poor. Through the influence of R. Joshua ben Hananiah both were appointed by Rabban Gamliel to remunerative offices. Rabbi Johanan showed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shema
''Shema Yisrael'' (''Shema Israel'' or ''Sh'ma Yisrael''; he , שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל ''Šəmaʿ Yīsrāʾēl'', "Hear, O Israel") is a Jewish prayer (known as the Shema) that serves as a centerpiece of the morning and evening Jewish prayer services. Its first verse encapsulates the monotheistic essence of Judaism: "Hear, O Israel: YHWH is our God, YHWH is one" (), found in . The first part can be translated as either "The our God" or "The is our God", and the second part as either "the is one" or as "the one " (in the sense of "the alone"), since Hebrew does not normally use a copula in the present tense, so translators must decide by inference whether one is appropriate in English. The word used for "the " is the tetragrammaton YHWH. Observant Jews consider the ''Shema'' to be the most important part of the prayer service in Judaism, and its twice-daily recitation as a ''mitzvah'' (religious commandment). Also, it is traditional for Jews to say the ''Shema'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaiah
Isaiah ( or ; he, , ''Yəšaʿyāhū'', "God is Salvation"), also known as Isaias, was the 8th-century BC Israelite prophet after whom the Book of Isaiah is named. Within the text of the Book of Isaiah, Isaiah himself is referred to as "the prophet", but the exact relationship between the Book of Isaiah and the actual prophet Isaiah is complicated. The traditional view is that all 66 chapters of the book of Isaiah were written by one man, Isaiah, possibly in two periods between 740 BC and c. 686 BC, separated by approximately 15 years, and that the book includes dramatic prophetic declarations of Cyrus the Great in the Bible, acting to restore the nation of Israel from Babylonian captivity. Another widely held view is that parts of the first half of the book (chapters 1–39) originated with the historical prophet, interspersed with prose commentaries written in the time of King Josiah a hundred years later, and that the remainder of the book dates from immediately before an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
