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El Kulug Shad
El Külüg Shad Irbis Qağan (full title: Yǐqūlìshīyǐpíkĕhàn 乙屈利失乙毗可汗, personal name: Ashina Moheduo 阿史那莫賀咄) was Khagan of the Western Turkic Kaghanate. Reign He was ruling south of Ili River, which was populated mostly by Nushibi tribes, after his father was murdered. He soon died, leaving the throne to his nephew Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan. His son was Irbis Seguy Irbis Shekui Khagan (full title: Yǐpíshèkuìkĕhàn 乙毗射匮可汗) (r. 642–651) was the penultimate ruler of the Western Turkic Khaganate. He was linked to the Nushibi faction and was son of El Kulug Shad. Reign In 642, he overthrew .... References {{Göktürks 640 deaths 7th-century Turkic people Ashina house of the Turkic Empire Göktürk khagans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Turkic Khaganate
The Western Turkic Khaganate () or Onoq Khaganate ( otk, 𐰆𐰣:𐰸:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣, On oq budun, Ten arrow people) was a Turkic khaganate in Eurasia, formed as a result of the wars in the beginning of the 7th century (593–603 CE) after the split of the Turkic Khaganate (founded in the 6th century on the Mongolian Plateau by the Ashina clan) into a western and an eastern Khaganate. The whole confederation was called ''Onoq'', meaning "ten arrows". According to a Chinese source, the Western Turks were organized into ten divisions. The khaganate's capitals were Navekat (summer capital) and Suyab (principal capital), both situated in the Chui River valley of Kyrgyzstan, to the east of Bishkek. Tong Yabgu's summer capital was near Tashkent and his winter capital Suyab. The Western Turkic Khaganate was subjugated by the Tang dynasty in 657 and continued as its vassal until their collapse. History The first Turkic Khaganate was founded by Bumin in 552 on the Mongolian P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nushibi
Nushibi (Nu-shibi, ; Middle Chinese: *''nuoXɕiɪt̚piɪt̚'') was a Chinese collective name for five tribes of the right (western) wingYu. Zuev, ''"The Strongest tribe - Izgil"''//Historical And Cultural Relations Between Iran And Dasht-i Kipchak in the 13th through 18th Centuries, Materials of International Round Table, Almaty, 2004, p. 53, in the Western Turkic Khaganate, and members of "ten arrows" confederation found in the Chinese literature (十箭 ''shíjiàn''; otk, 𐰆𐰣:𐰸, On Oq). The references to Nushibi appeared in Chinese sources in 651 and disappeared after 766. The Nushibi tribes occupied the lands of the Western Turkic Kaganate west of the Ili River of contemporary Kazakhstan. Name's Etymology Yury Zuev reconstructs ''Nushibis Middle Chinese pronunciation as ''nou siet-piet'',Yu. Zuev, ''"The Strongest tribe - Esgil", p. 53, which, he asserts, transcribes Turkic ''oŋ šadapït'' "right wing". ''Šadapït'' either means "entourage of the Shad" ( Clauso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan
Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan (full title: Yǐpíshābōluóyèhùkĕhàn 乙毗沙钵罗叶护可汗, personal name: Ashina Baobu 阿史那薄布) - was a Qaghan of Nushibi faction in Western Turkic Khaganate. Reign He was a son of Genna Shad (伽那设), thus a nephew of El Kulug Shad. However, according to some sources he was a son of Ashina Tong.Old Tang Book - Turk Biographies 《旧唐书·突厥传》 He was acknowledged as khagan by Taizong. Khagan sent governors to the Tarim Basin, Tashkent, Samarkand and Bactria to assert rule. However, he was soon killed by men following orders of Yukuk Shad Yukuk Shad (r. 638–642, died 653) reigned in the final days of the Western Turkic Khaganate. His name ''Yukuk'' means "owl", according to Gumilyov, or means "venerable", according to Gabain. His full title was 乙毗咄陆可汗 or Yipi Duolu K ... in 641. References {{Göktürks 641 deaths 7th-century Turkic people Ashina house of the Turkic Empire Göktürk khagans [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irbis Seguy
Irbis Shekui Khagan (full title: Yǐpíshèkuìkĕhàn 乙毗射匮可汗) (r. 642–651) was the penultimate ruler of the Western Turkic Khaganate. He was linked to the Nushibi faction and was son of El Kulug Shad. Reign In 642, he overthrew Yukuk Shad (r. 638–642) with support from the expanding Tang dynasty Chinese. Although Yukuk Shad was still active and controlling a part of the territory, Irbis Shekui had the support of Nushibi (western) tribes. During the early years of his reign the rivalry between the Nushibi and Dulu factions cooled off. In 646, he sought a Chinese princess for his bride. In return, Emperor Taizong of Tang demanded the return of several Tarim Basin cities. When this was refused the Chinese invaded the Tarim. Two years later several Dulu leaders took refuge in China. With them the khaganate also lost Dzungaria to China. Later in his reign, Ashina Helu rebelled against him in 646, but was defeated. In 651 he was overthrown by Ashina Helu who was su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashina Tribe
The Ashina (; Middle Chinese: (Guangyun) ), were a Turkic speaking tribe and the ruling dynasty of the Göktürks. This clan rose to prominence in the mid-6th century when the leader, Bumin Qaghan, revolted against the Rouran Khaganate. The two main branches of the family, one descended from Bumin and the other from his brother Istämi, ruled over the eastern and western parts of the Göktürks, Göktürk confederation, respectively. Origin Primary Chinese sources ascribed different origins to the Ashina tribe. Ashina were first attested to 439, as reported by the ''Book of Sui'': on the 18th day of the 10th month, the Tuoba ruler Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei overthrew Juqu Mujian of the Northern Liang in eastern Gansu,Wei Zheng et al., ''Book of Sui'', :zh:t:隋書/卷84, Vol. 84. and 500 Ashina families fled northwest to the Rouran Khaganate near Gaochang. According to the ''Book of Zhou'', ''History of the Northern Dynasties'', and New Book of Tang, the Ashina clan was a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ishbara Tolis
Ishbara Tolis was the ruler of Western Turkic Khaganate (empire) between 634–639. His full title was ''Shābōluō xìlìshī (~diélìshī) kèhán'' 沙钵罗咥利失可汗, personal name ''Ashina Tong-e'' 阿史那同俄). Reign He was Bagha Shad's son. After his elder brother Duolu Qaghan abdicated, he was enthroned in 634 in very unfavorable circumstances. He had to rely on vassal tribes which were more powerful than himself. In 635, he sent arrows to ten tribes which meant legitimatizing them as shad (prince), shads (semi independent governor princes), but he was careful to keep the delicate balance between the two rival factions by appointing five from Duolu and five from Nushibi. Thus his empire came to be known as ''Onoq'', meaning "ten arrows" (十箭).) Even this policy however, wasn't successful. A noble named Tun Tudun revolted and caused khagan to flee to Karasahr, Qarasahr with his brother Böri Shad. However, he was reinstalled to throne by Nushibi noble Esegel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tengrism
Tengrism (also known as Tengriism, Tengerism, or Tengrianism) is an ethnic and old state Turkic peoples, Turko-Mongolic peoples, Mongolic religion originating in the Eurasian Steppe, Eurasian steppes, based on folk shamanism, animism and generally centered around the titular sky god Tengri. Tengri was not considered a deity in the usual sense, but a personification of the universe. The purpose of life is, according to the Tengris view, to live in harmony with the universe. It was the prevailing religion of the Turks, Mongols, Bulgars, Xiongnu, Huns and possibly the Hungarians, and the state religion of several medieval states: First Turkic Khaganate, Western Turkic Khaganate, Eastern Turkic Khaganate, Old Great Bulgaria, First Bulgarian Empire, Volga Bulgaria, and Khazaria, Eastern Tourkia (Khazaria), Mongol Empire. In ''Irk Bitig'', a ninth century manuscript on divination, Tengri is mentioned as (God of Turks). According to many academics, Tengrism was a predominantly polyth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baghatur
Baghatur ( otk, 𐰉𐰍𐰀, Baga; mn, ''Baγatur'', Khalkha Mongolian: Баатар ''Bātar''; tr, Bağatur, Batur, Bahadır; russian: Богатырь Bogatyr; bg, Багатур Bagatur; fa, بهادر; pa, ਬਹਾਦੁਰ , بہادر ) is a historical Turkic and Mongol honorific title, in origin a term for "hero" or "valiant warrior". The Papal envoy Plano Carpini (-1252) compared the title with the equivalent of European Knighthood. The word was common among the Mongols and became especially widespread, as an honorific title, in Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a regnal title in the Ilkhanate, in Timurid dynasties, etc. The word was also introduced into many non-Turkic languages as a result of the Turco-Mongol conquests, and now exists in different forms such as bg, Багатур (Bagatur), links=no, russian: Богатырь (Bogatyr), links=no, Polish '' B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khagan
Khagan or Qaghan (Mongolian:; or ''Khagan''; otk, 𐰴𐰍𐰣 ), or , tr, Kağan or ; ug, قاغان, Qaghan, Mongolian Script: ; or ; fa, خاقان ''Khāqān'', alternatively spelled Kağan, Kagan, Khaghan, Kaghan, Khakan, Khakhan, Khaqan, Xagahn, Qaghan, Chagan, Қан, or Kha'an is a title of imperial rank in the Turkic, Mongolic and some other languages, equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire). The female equivalent is Khatun. It may also be translated as " Khan of Khans", equivalent to King of Kings. In Bulgarian, the title became known as ''Khan'', while in modern Turkic, the title became ''Khaan'' with the ''g'' sound becoming almost silent or non-existent; the ''ğ'' in modern Turkish ''Kağan'' is also silent. Since the division of the Mongol Empire, monarchs of the Yuan dynasty and the Northern Yuan held the title of ''Khagan''. ''Kağan, Hakan'' and ''Kaan'', Turkish equivalents of the title are common Turkish names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Turkic Kaghanate
The Western Turkic Khaganate () or Onoq Khaganate ( otk, 𐰆𐰣:𐰸:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣, On oq budun, Ten arrow people) was a Turkic khaganate in Eurasia, formed as a result of the wars in the beginning of the 7th century (593–603 CE) after the split of the Turkic Khaganate (founded in the 6th century on the Mongolian Plateau by the Ashina clan) into a western and an eastern Khaganate. The whole confederation was called ''Onoq'', meaning "ten arrows". According to a Chinese source, the Western Turks were organized into ten divisions. The khaganate's capitals were Navekat (summer capital) and Suyab (principal capital), both situated in the Chui River valley of Kyrgyzstan, to the east of Bishkek. Tong Yabgu's summer capital was near Tashkent and his winter capital Suyab. The Western Turkic Khaganate was subjugated by the Tang dynasty in 657 and continued as its vassal until their collapse. History The first Turkic Khaganate was founded by Bumin in 552 on the Mongolian Plate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ili River
The Ili ( ug, ئىلى دەرياسى, Ili deryasi, Ili dəryasi, 6=Или Дәряси; kk, Ile, ; russian: Или; zh, c=伊犁河, p=Yīlí Hé, dng, Йили хә, Xiao'erjing: اِلِ حْ; mn, Ил, literally "Bareness") is a river situated in Northwest China and Southeastern Kazakhstan. It flows from the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region to the Almaty Region in Kazakhstan. It is long (including its source river Tekes),Или of which is in Kazakhstan. The river originates from the Tekes and rivers in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
