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Economic History Of The Philippines (1965–1986)
The 21-year period of Philippine economic history during Ferdinand Marcos’ regime – from his election in 1965 until he was ousted by the People Power Revolution in 1986 – was a period of significant economic lows. The early part of Ferdinand Marcos' administration continued the rising growth rate which characterized the previous administrations of the Third Philippine Republic, peaking at nearly 9 percent in 1973 and 1976. However, Marcos' later years in power saw the worst recession in Philippine history, with the economy contracting by 7.3% in 1984 and again in 1985. The dramatic rise and fall of the Philippine economy during this period is attributed to the Marcos administration's heavy dependence on foreign loans (debt-driven as opposed to productivity-driven growth), its policy of establishing monopolies under Marcos cronies which resulted in significant income inequality, corruption by government officials, and the capital flight which has historically been attributed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GDP Per Capita Development In The Philippines 1965-1986
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is often revised before being considered a reliable indicator. GDP (nominal) per capita does not, however, reflect differences in the cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries; therefore, using a basis of GDP per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) may be more useful when comparing living standards between nations, while nominal GDP is more useful comparing national economies on the international market. Total GDP can also be broken down into the contribution of each industry or sector of the economy. The ratio of GDP to the total population of the region is the per capita GDP (also called the Mean Standard of Living). GDP definitions are maintained by a number of national and international economic organizations. The Orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raul Manglapus
Raul Sevilla Manglapus (October 20, 1918 – July 25, 1999) was a prominent post–World War II Filipino politician and songwriter. He co-founded the reformist Progressive Party of the Philippines and the Christian Democratic Socialist Movement in 1968 (later renamed the National Union of Christian Democrats). He was elected to the Senate by a landslide in 1961 and ran for president in 1965, but lost to eventual winner Ferdinand Marcos. He once again became Secretary of Foreign Affairs under President Corazon Aquino in 1987. His name is inscribed on the wall of the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani, which honors the heroes and martyrs who fought authoritarian rule. However, Manglapus has also drawn the ire of feminist movements for his preconceived notions and controversial sexist remarks during his lifetime. Personal life He was married to Pacita La'O. His father was Congressman Valentin Manglapus of Ilocos Sur, and his mother the former Justina Sevilla of Malabon, Rizal. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Lady Of The Philippines
The first lady or first gentleman of the Philippines ( fil, Unang Ginang o Unang Ginoó ng Pilipinas) is the courtesy title given to the host or hostess of Malacañang Palace, the residence of the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The title is traditionally held by the consort of the president of the Philippines, and as such is used to interchangeably refer to the spouse of the incumbent; however, this is rarely the case, especially for presidents without a living spouse at the time of their tenure. The position, which is customary in nature and dignity, merits no official remuneration from the state. Liza Araneta Marcos is the current first lady of the Philippines, as wife of the 17th and current president of the Philippines, Bongbong Marcos. Terminology The host of the Malacañang Palace, who is usually the consort of the president, has been referred to in English as the "first lady" (Filipino: ''Unang Ginang''). As Gloria Macapagal Arroyo took offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerardo Sicat
Gerardo may refer to: People Given name Gerardo is the Spanish, Portuguese and Italian form of the male given name Gerard. * Gerardo Amarilla (born 1969), Uruguayan politician * Gerardo Bonilla (born 1975), Puerto Rican-born professional race car driver * Gerardo Carrera Piñera (born 1987), Spanish professional footballer, usually simply Gerardo * Gerardo Diego (1896–1987), Spanish poet * Gerardo García León (born 1974), Spanish footballer * Gerardo Greco (born 1966), Italian journalist * Gerardo Herrero (born 1953), Spanish film director, screenwriter and producer * Gerardo de León (1913–1981), Filipino actor and film director * Gerardo Machado (1871–1939), President of Cuba * Gerardo Martino (born 1962), retired Argentine footballer and current manager * Gerardo Matos Rodríguez (1897–1948), Uruguayan musician, composer and journalist * Gerardo Mejía (born 1965), Ecuadorian-born musician, known as Gerardo * Gerardo Miranda (born 1956), retired Spanish footb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cesar Virata
Cesar Enrique Aguinaldo Virata (born 12 December 1930) is a Filipino former statesman and businessman who was the fourth Prime Minister of the Philippines from 1981 to 1986. He is currently the corporate vice chairman of the Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation. He is the eponym of the Cesar Virata School of Business, the business school of the University of the Philippines Diliman. Government service Finance minister He served as Finance Minister from 1970 to 1986 under President Ferdinand Marcos. Prime Minister of the Philippines Virata served as Prime Minister of the Philippines from 1981 to 1986 under the Interim Batasang Pambansa and the Regular Batasang Pambansa, concurrently with his position as Finance Minister. He also headed the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), the country's highest economic planning body, while also serving as the Prime Minister. Virata was the third to occupy the position and was succeeded by economist Vicente Valdepeñ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onofre D
''Onofre'' is a genus of Brazilian jumping spiders that was first described by G. R. S. Ruiz & Antônio Domingos Brescovit in 2007. it contains only three species, found in the Amazon basin of Brazil: '' O. carnifex'', '' O. necator'', and '' O. sibilans''. They are related to members of '' Chira'', and the three species were described from the states of Mato Grosso and Pará Pará is a state of Brazil, located in northern Brazil and traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest are the borders of Guyana .... The generic name is a common man's name in Brazil. References Salticidae genera Endemic fauna of Brazil Salticidae Spiders of Brazil {{Jumping-spider-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alejandro Melchor
Alejandro Melchor (1900-1947) was a Filipino civil engineer, mathematician, educator, and physist member of the Cabinet of the Philippines. A native of Ibajay, Aklan, Melchor was also known for his work on pontoon bridges during the Second World War. The historic Melchor Hall in the University of the Philippines Diliman campus is named after him. The hall houses most of the units of the UP College of Engineering. A building in the Philippine Military Academy was also named in his honor. Education In 1924, Melchor graduated in civil engineering with the highest honors from the University of the Philippines. By then, the UP College of Engineering, College of Engineering was barely fifteen years old and was still located in the UP Manila, Manila campus. Career During the term of Edward R. Hyde as Dean (education), dean of the UP College of Engineering (from 1926 to 1940), Alejandro Melchor served as the College Secretary. Prior to this position, Melchor was a regular member of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafael Salas
Rafael Montinola Salas (August 7, 1928 – March 4, 1987) was the first head of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). His tenure started at the agency's inception in 1969 and ended with his sudden death in 1987. Prior to accepting the UN post, Salas served as executive secretary to Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos until a falling-out on policy differences prompted his resignation from the Marcos government in 1969. Early life Salas was born in Bago, Negros Occidental, Philippines on August 7, 1928, one of three children of Ernesto Araneta Salas and Isabel Neri Montinola. After World War II, Salas went to Manila to continue his education and obtained his B.A. (''magna cum laude'') from the University of the Philippines Diliman in 1950. Three years later, he completed his law degree (''cum laude'') from the U.P. College of Law. He then attended Harvard University, where he finished his master's degree in public administration in 1955. He returned to his country and jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vicente Paterno
Vicente Tirona Paterno (November 18, 1925 – November 21, 2014) was a Filipino businessman and politician. He served as Minister of Industry (1974–1979) and of Public Highways (1979–1980) during the Ferdinand Marcos' government. He also served as a member of the Interim Batasang Pambansa from 1978 to 1984 and later as Senator from 1987 to 1992. Early life Vicente Tirona Paterno was born in Quiapo, Manila on November 18, 1925, to Jose P. Paterno and Jacoba Encarnacion Tirona. Educational life He is a graduate of De La Salle high school class 41 and later on earned his Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering degree at the University of the Philippines in 1948 and obtained Master of Business Administration at Harvard University in 1953. Paterno was a lecturer in graduate school of U.P., La Salle and Ateneo de Manila from 1954 to 1962. Personal life He is survived by his wife Baby, his children Judy, Mailin, Maite, Victor and Tina, and his eight grandchildren. Career I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernesto Maceda
Ernesto "Ernie" Madarang Maceda Sr. (March 26, 1935 – June 20, 2016) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and columnist who served as a Senator of the Philippines from 1971 to 1972 and again from 1987 to 1998. He served as Senate President from 1996 to 1998. Early life and career Maceda was born on March 26, 1935, in Pagsanjan, Laguna. Maceda earned his Associate in Arts degree, magna cum laude, in 1952, and Bachelor of Laws degree, cum laude, from the Ateneo de Manila University in 1956. He then finished Master of Laws, taxation and international law, at Harvard Law School, Massachusetts, US, in 1957. At the age of 23, he was hailed as the No. 1 councilor of Manila in 1959. Because of his numerous achievements in the city council, Councilor Maceda was named “Outstanding Councilor of Manila". Roles in the Marcos Cabinet In 1966, Maceda was appointed as the Presidential Assistant on Community Development and was the youngest Cabinet Member of the Marcos administration. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Construction And Development Corporation Of The Philippines
The Philippine National Construction Corporation (PNCC) is a government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC) in the Philippines. It is the largest construction company in the Philippines and in Southeast Asia. It is usually tasked with major construction works, especially in the field of infrastructure. The PNCC has extensive operations in the Philippines, and has also been involved in projects and has or had operations in various other countries, notably in Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Indonesia. History The PNCC was established in 1966 by virtue of an executive order during the administration of the Former President Ferdinand Marcos as the Construction and Development Corporation of the Philippines (CDCP), with the corporation being led by Rodolfo Cuenca, a crony. It was granted a 50-year franchise to commission and perform construction works throughout the Philippines. In 1977, Presidential Decree No. 1113 was issued, granting the CDCP a 30-year franch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodolfo Cuenca
Rodolfo Cuenca, sometimes known by his nickname, Rudy Cuenca, is a Filipino businessman best known as the former chairman of the Construction and Development Corporation of the Philippines (CDCP), which is known today as the Philippine National Construction Corporation. He was a close associate of Ferdinand Marcos, and is noted not to be embarrassed by "''his much-criticized close association with Marcos and his being tagged as a crony.''" Early life and education Rodolfo Cuenca was born on May 1, 1928, at the Philippine General Hospital, to Nicolas and Cristina Cuenca. He is the eldest among four children. Cuenca spent his early years in Vigan, as his father was assigned district engineer in Ilocos Sur. In 1937, the family transferred to Bulacan, where Cuenca finished his fourth and fifth grade. He continued sixth grade in Ateneo de Manila on Padre Faura, then transferred to the Intramuros campus for his seventh grade. During the Second World War, Cuenca withdrew from high sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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