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Eastern Front (Turkey)
The Eastern Front (Modern Turkish: ''Şark Cephesi'' or ''Doğu Cephesi'') was one of the fronts of the Army of the Grand National Assembly during the Turkish War of Independence. Its commanded all military units in Eastern Region. At first, its headquarters was located at Erzurum, and moved to Sarıkamış, then Kars during the Turkish–Armenian War (which itself is usually referred to synecdochically as the Eastern Front of the Turkish War of Independence). The Eastern Front has its foundations in remnants of the XV Corps of the Ottoman Army. It engaged in the Turkish–Armenian War and the Georgian operations. Formations Order of battle of the XV Corps, April 2, 1919 On April 2, 1919, the XV Corps was organized as follows:''Türk İstiklâl Harbi'' III ncü Cilt: Doğu Cephesi (1919 - 1921), Genelkurmay Askerî Tarih ve Stratejik Etüt Başkanlığı Yayınları, Genelkurmay Basım Evi, Ankara, 1995, , pp .45-48. *3rd Caucasian Division (commander: Kaymakam Halid Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a East Thrace, small portion on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It shares borders with the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq to the southeast; Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. Cyprus is located off the south coast. Turkish people, Turks form the vast majority of the nation's population and Kurds are the largest minority. Ankara is Turkey's capital, while Istanbul is its list of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city and financial centre. One of the world's earliest permanently Settler, settled regions, present-day Turkey was home to important Neol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Erzurum
Erzurum (; ) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. The city uses the double-headed eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif that has been a common symbol throughout Anatolia since the Bronze Age. Erzurum has winter sports facilities and hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade. Name and etymology The city was originally known in Armenian as Karno K'aghak' ( hy, Կարնոյ քաղաք), meaning city of Karin, to distinguish it from the district of Karin ( Կարին). It is presumed its name was derived from a local tribe called the Karenitis. Darbinian, M. "Erzurum," Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1978, vol. 4, p. 93. An alternate theory contends that a local princely family, the Kamsarakans, the Armenian off-shoot of the Iranian Kārin Pahlav family, lent its name to the locale that eventually be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Of Turkey In The Turkish War Of Independence
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fronts Of Turkey
Front may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''The Front'' (1943 film), a 1943 Soviet drama film * ''The Front'', 1976 film Music *The Front (band), an American rock band signed to Columbia Records and active in the 1980s and early 1990s *The Front (Canadian band), a Canadian studio band from the 1980s Periodicals * ''Front'' (magazine), a British men's magazine * '' Front Illustrated Paper'', a publication of the Yugoslav People's Army Television * Front TV, a Toronto broadcast design and branding firm * "The Front" (''The Blacklist''), a 2014 episode of the TV series ''The Blacklist'' * "The Front" (''The Simpsons''), a 1993 episode of the TV series ''The Simpsons'' Military * Front (military), a geographical area where armies are engaged in conflict * Front (military formation), roughly, an army group, especially in eastern Europe Places * Front, California, former name of Brown, California * Front, Piedmont, an Italian municipality * The Front, now part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Kars
The Treaty of Kars ( tr, Kars Antlaşması, rus, Карсский договор, Karskii dogovor, ka, ყარსის ხელშეკრულება, hy, Կարսի պայմանագիր, az, Qars müqaviləsi) was a treaty that established the borders between Turkey and the three Transcaucasian republics of the Soviet Union, which are now the independent republics of Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. The treaty was signed in the city of Kars on 13 October 1921. Signatories of the Treaty of Kars included representatives from the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which would declare the Republic of Turkey in 1923, and from the Armenian, Azerbaijani and Georgian Socialist Soviet Republics with the participation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The last four parties would become constituent parts of the Soviet Union after the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War and the December 1922 Union Treaty. The treaty was the successor treaty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Alexandropol
The Treaty of Alexandropol ( hy, Ալեքսանդրապոլի պայմանագիր; tr, Gümrü Anlaşması) was a peace treaty between the First Republic of Armenia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The treaty ended the Turkish-Armenian War that had begun on 12 September 1920, with the Turkish invasion of former-Ottoman lands ceded to Armenia in the Treaty of Sevres, a month prior. It was signed by the Armenian Foreign Minister Alexander Khatisyan in the early hours of 3 December 1920. However, the previous day, the Armenian government in Yerevan had resigned and transferred power to a Soviet government, backed by Soviet Russia and so Khatisyan was no longer acting on behalf of the government of Armenia, and the treaty was technically invalid. The terms of the treaty was prepared by the Turks, with the Armenians having no input. It required Armenia to cede to Turkey its entire province of Kars together with the Surmalu district of Yerevan province. A large part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erzurum Fortified Area Command
Erzurum (; ) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. The city uses the double-headed eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif that has been a common symbol throughout Anatolia since the Bronze Age. Erzurum has winter sports facilities and hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade. Name and etymology The city was originally known in Armenian as Karno K'aghak' ( hy, Կարնոյ քաղաք), meaning city of Karin, to distinguish it from the district of Karin ( Կարին). It is presumed its name was derived from a local tribe called the Karenitis. Darbinian, M. "Erzurum," Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1978, vol. 4, p. 93. An alternate theory contends that a local princely family, the Kamsarakans, the Armenian off-shoot of the Iranian Kārin Pahlav family, lent its name to the locale that eventually bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horasan
Horasan ( ku, Xoresan), is a town and district of Erzurum Province in the Eastern Anatolia Region, Turkey, Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The mayor is Abdulkadir Aydın (Felicity Party, SP). In 2008 the population of the town was 17,661 while that of the Horasan district was 43,852. Horasan is located on the east of Erzurum Province, and borders the provinces of Ağrı Province, Ağrı and Kars Province, Kars. Etymology Horasan is also one of the spellings of the Khorasan (or Greater Khorasan), which is a region in north east Persia with historical importance, and it is also the source of the name of the town as the first settlers of the town migrated from this region. Neighbourhoods * Ağıllı * Akçataş * Akçatoprak * Alagöz * Aliçeyrek * Aras * Ardı * Arpaçayır * Aşağıaktaş * Aşağıbademözü * Azap * Bahçe * Bulgurlu * Çamlıkale * Çamurlu * Çayırdüzü * Çiftlik * Dalbaşı * Danişment * Değirmenler * Dikili * Döllek * Dönertaş * Eğertaşlar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osman Nuri Koptagel
Osman Nuri Koptagel (1874; Erzincan – November 22, 1942; Ankara) was an officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army. When he was an assistant teaching staff of the Ottoman Military Academy, he used to order ''"Sağdan birinci manga, kop ta gel!"''Mehmet Lütfi Yücel, Arif Suavi Okay, ''Hatıralarım: Ölümünün 50. Yılında Atatürk'ün Silah Arkadaşı Mehmet Lütfi Beyin; Çocukluk, Okul, Asleri okul, Balkan Harbi, Çanakkael Savaşları, Filistin, Gazze çarpışmalarına ilişkin Anıları'', 2006, p. 34. ("First squad from the right, separate (from line) and come!"), ''"Birinci mangadan sağdan itibaren beş kişi kop da gel!"''Ali Fuat Cebesoy, ''Sınıf Arkadaşım Atatürk: Okul ve Genç Subaylık Hâtıraları'', İnkılâp ve Aka Kitabevleri, 1967p. 21. ("First squad of five person from the right, separate (from line) and come!"). His students gave him a nickname "Kop ta gel". After the 1934 Surname Law, Mustafa Kemal gave him a surname "Koptag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Van, Turkey
Van ( hy, Վան; ku, Wan) is a mostly Kurdish-populated and historically Armenian-populated city in eastern Turkey's Van Province. The city lies on the eastern shore of Lake Van. Van has a long history as a major urban area. It has been a large city since the first millennium BCE, initially as Tushpa, the capital of the kingdom of Urartu from the 9th century BCE to the 6th century BCE, and later as the center of the Armenian kingdom of Vaspurakan. Turkic presence in Van and in the rest of Anatolia started as a result of Seljuk victory at the Battle of Malazgirt (1071) against the Byzantine Empire. Van is often referred to in the context of Western Armenia and Northern Kurdistan. History Archaeological excavations and surveys carried out in Van province indicate that the history of human settlement in this region goes back at least as far as 5000 BCE. The Tilkitepe Mound, which is on the shores of Lake Van and a few kilometres to the south of Van Castle, is the only sourc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veysel Ünüvar
Veysel () is a Turkish given name for males. Veysel may refer to: Places *Veysel, Emirdağ, village in the District of Emirdağ, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey Persons People named Veysel include: * Veysel Aksu (born 1985), Turkish footballer * Veysel Cihan, Turkish footballer * Veysel Eroğlu, Turkish politician * Veysel Özgür (1877-1931), officer of the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army * Veysel Sarı, Turkish footballer * Veysel Turan Veysel Turan (1901 - 25 March 2007) was one of the last Turkish veterans of the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923). Military years He joined the newly-established army of Mustafa Kemal Pasha in Ankara. In the early period of the Turkish War o ... (1901-2007), one of the last Turkish veterans of the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923) {{given name Turkish masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
