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ELS-HAM
ELSHAM (abbreviation of ''Lembaga Studi dan Advokasi Hak Asasi Manusia'', meaning Institute of Human Rights Studies and Advocacy) is a human rights non-governmental organization based in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. ELSHAM is the leading Papuan human rights organization. It was established in 1996 by the Roman Catholic Church, the Jayapura diocese of the Evangelical Christian Church in West Papua (GKI), and the Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia (GKII). ELSHAM leader John Rumbiak fled to the United States in 2002 following threats by the Indonesian police. In June 2003 the Indonesian Military Commander, Maj. Gen. Nurdin Zainal, issued orders for the arrest of: # John Rumbiak, Supervisor of ELSHAM # Yohanis G. Bonay, Director of ELSHAM # ''Koran Tempo'', a Jakarta-based daily # the editor of ''Koran Tempo'' # ''Suara Karya'', a Jakarta-based daily # the editor of ''Suara Karya'' upon charges of publishing a story about TNI (Indonesian military) troops ambushing a bus. The inci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-governmental Organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental organisation (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government. They are typically nonprofit entities, and many of them are active in humanitarianism or the social sciences; they can also include clubs and associations that provide services to their members and others. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public trust, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. However, NGOs can also be lobby groups for corporations, such as the World Economic Forum. NGOs are distinguished from international and intergovernmental organizations (''IOs'') in that the latter are more directly involved with sovereign states and their governments. The term as it is used today was first introduced in Article 71 of the newly-formed United Nations' Charter in 1945. While there is no fixed or formal definition for what NGOs are, they are genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayapura
Jayapura (formerly Dutch: ''Hollandia'') is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Papua. It is situated on the northern coast of New Guinea island and covers an area of . The city borders the Pacific Ocean and Yos Sudarso Bay to the north, the sovereign state of Papua New Guinea to the east, Keerom Regency to the south, and Jayapura Regency to the west. With a population of 398,478 according to the 2020 census, Jayapura is the most populous city in the entire island of New Guinea, surpassing Port Moresby, the national capital of Papua New Guinea. It is also the fastest-growing city in Indonesia, with the population increasing by 55.23% since the previous census in 2010. The official estimate as at mid 2021 was 404,004. Jayapura is the fourth largest city by economy in Eastern Indonesia—after Makassar, Denpasar, and Manado—with an estimated 2016 GDP at Rp19.48 trillion. As of 2017, it is also the second-most expensive Indonesian city to live in, aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua (Indonesia)
Papua is a province of Indonesia, comprising the northern coast of Western New Guinea together with island groups in Cenderawasih Bay to the west. It roughly follows the borders of Papuan customary region of Tabi Saireri. It is bordered by the sovereign state of Papua New Guinea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the north, Cenderawasih Bay to the west, and the provinces of Central Papua and Highland Papua to the south. The province also shares maritime boundaries with Palau in the Pacific. Following the splitting off of twenty regencies to create the three new provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, and South Papua on 30 June 2022, the residual province is divided into eight regencies (''kabupaten'') and one city (''kota''), the latter being the provincial capital of Jayapura. The province has a large potential in natural resources, such as gold, nickel, petroleum, etc. Papua, along with four other Papuan provinces, has a higher degree of autonomy level compared to other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 275 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia is a presidential republic with an elected legislature. It has 38 provinces, of which nine have special status. The country's capital, Jakarta, is the world's second-most populous urban area. Indonesia shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evangelical Christian Church In West Papua
Evangelical Christian Church of the Land of Papua ( id, Gereja Kristen Injili Tanah Papua, abbreviated as GKITP) is a Protestant Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to b ... denomination in Indonesia, particularly in western Papua region. The denomination is the single largest church in Irian where about 30% of the population belong to it. Its motto is from the Epistle to the Ephesians 5:8 "For once you were darkness, but now in the Lord you are light. Live as children of light" (New Revised Standard Version, NRSV). In the areas of human rights and politics in the region, the church plays a significant role. It has a presbyterian-synodal model of church government, the synod is the highest governing body. The church had 650,000 members and 1869 parishes. The church belong to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel Tabernacle Church Of Indonesia
Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words and deeds of Jesus, culminating in his trial and death and concluding with various reports of his post-resurrection appearances. Modern scholars are cautious of relying on the gospels uncritically, but nevertheless, they provide a good idea of the public career of Jesus, and critical study can attempt to distinguish the original ideas of Jesus from those of the later authors. The four canonical gospels were probably written between AD 66 and 110. All four were anonymous (with the modern names added in the 2nd century), almost certainly none were by eyewitnesses, and all are the end-products of long oral and written transmission. Mark was the first to be written, using a variety of sources. The authors of Matthew and Luke both independently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Rumbiak
John Rumbiak (born 1962) is a West Papuan human rights and environment activist. Born in Biak, he began English studies at Cenderawasih University ( Abepura) in 1982 and worked as a coordinator and field researcher at the Rural Community Development Foundation (YPMD) in Abepura. Joining the Institute for Human Rights Study and Advocacy now known as Elsham, the leading West Papuan human rights Non-governmental organization based in Jayapura he served as supervisor. His good English and excellent presentation skills then facilitated his role as Elsham's chairman of International Affairs travelling widely attending many international conferences informing the international community about West Papua. In February 2005, he suffered a stroke in New York, he is also fearful of returning to West Papua after a series of death threat A death threat is a threat, often made anonymously, by one person or a group of people to kill another person or group of people. These threats are often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nurdin Zainal
{{Disambig ...
Nurdin may be *a variant spelling of the Muslim given name Nur al-Din "light of religion" *dialectal form of the name of Northend, Warwickshire Northend is a village in southern-eastern Warwickshire, England, located roughly halfway between the town of Banbury and the conurbation of Leamington Spa and Warwick. The population taken at the 2011 census can be found under Burton Dassett. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koran Tempo
''Koran Tempo'' (''Tempo Paper'') is a daily online digital newspaper in Indonesia. It is published by PT Tempo Inti Media Harian, a part of Tempo Inti Media, which also published ''Tempo In musical terminology, tempo ( Italian, 'time'; plural ''tempos'', or ''tempi'' from the Italian plural) is the speed or pace of a given piece. In classical music, tempo is typically indicated with an instruction at the start of a piece (ofte ...'' magazine. It was first published as a print newspaper on April 2, 2001, with a circulation of 100,000 daily. ''Koran Tempo'' was originally published in broadsheet format, before being converted to tabloid in 2005. ''Koran Tempo'' ceased its print publication with the last edition on 31 December 2020, citing change on newspaper readers behavior and increase of its digital version subscribers. Starting in January 2021, the paper published on digital version only, which can be accessed from the paper's website and ''Tempo'' mobile application. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suara Karya
''Suara Karya'' (lit. ''Voice of Work'') was a daily newspaper published in Indonesia. Established in 1971 to assist Golkar in winning that year's legislative election, it became required reading for all civil servants and the voice of Golkar. After its circulation increased from 55,700 in 1971 to 300,000 in 1998, the fall of Suharto's dictatorship caused circulation to plummet to 3,000. , it is attempting rebranding to present cleaner, less biased news. History New Order (1971–1998) The first issue of ''Suara Karya'' was published on 11 March 1971 by the Suara Karya Foundation under direction of Golkar (Functional Group), prior to the July legislative election to assist the group. It took three days of preparation and Rp 50 million (at the time US$130,000) in start-up costs for the newspaper to be established. Its chief executive was Sumiskun, and the head editor was Jamal Ali. Other members of the editorial staff included Syamsul Bisri, Rahman Tolleng, Sayuti Melik, Davi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Of Indonesia
The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often vocalize it as star (as, for example, in ''the A* search algorithm'' or '' C*-algebra''). In English, an asterisk is usually five- or six-pointed in sans-serif typefaces, six-pointed in serif typefaces, and six- or eight-pointed when handwritten. Its most common use is to call out a footnote. It is also often used to censor offensive words. In computer science, the asterisk is commonly used as a wildcard character, or to denote pointers, repetition, or multiplication. History The asterisk has already been used as a symbol in ice age cave paintings. There is also a two thousand-year-old character used by Aristarchus of Samothrace called the , , which he used when proofreading Homeric poetry to mark lines that were duplicated. Origen is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freeport-McMoRan
Freeport-McMoRan Inc., often called Freeport, is an American mining company based in the Freeport-McMoRan Center, in Phoenix, Arizona. The company is the world's largest producer of molybdenum, is a major copper producer and operates the world's largest gold mine, the Grasberg mine in Papua, Indonesia. History The current company was created in 1981 through the merger of Freeport Minerals, formerly Texas Freeport Sulphur Company and McMoRan Oil & Gas Company, becoming Freeport-McMoRan Inc. Early history Freeport Sulphur Company was founded July 12, 1912 by the eldest son of Svante Magnus "E.M." Swenson, banker Eric Pierson Swenson, with a group of investors, to develop sulfur mining at Bryan Mound salt dome, along the US Gulf Coast.''Poor's'' ''Poor's Government and Municipal Supplement'', Poor's Publishing Company, 192 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
