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Eastern Front Counteroffensive
The Eastern Front counteroffensive (April–July 1919) was an episode of the Russian Civil War. Background In 1917, the Russian Bolshevik Party staged a revolution against Alexander Kerensky's Provisional Government that led to a civil war. During the spring of 1919 the Kolchak army offensive created a strategic breakthrough in the center of The Red Army's Eastern Font, while the Reds were preparing their own offensive on the southern flank. Idea At the time of the White Army offensive, the Reds had a big force on the southern flank. The White army was dispersed in several groups and the Reds attempted to crush those groups from south to north one by one. Reserves were used to rebuild the Red's 5th Army and delay the Whites' advancement in the center of the front. Battles On the southern flank, the White Orenburg Independent Army tried to capture Orenburg without success. New commander General Petr Belov decided to use his reserve, the 4th Corps, to outflank Orenburg fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Front Of The Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War spread to the east in May 1918, with a series of revolts along the route of the Trans-Siberian Railway, on the part of the Czechoslovak Legion and officers of the Russian Army. Provisional anti-Bolshevik local governments were formed in many parts of Siberia and other eastern regions during that summer. The Red Army mounted a counter-offensive in the autumn, and in 1919 defeated the White commander Aleksandr Kolchak in Siberia. Smaller-scale conflicts in the region went on until 1923. Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion In May 1918, soldiers of the Czechoslovak Legion revolted against the Bolsheviks in Chelyabinsk. The revolt was triggered by Trotsky's order to local Bolshevik commanders to disarm the Czechs (in violation of previous agreements) following a confrontation between the Czechs travelling Eastwards and a train full of Austro-Hungarian former POW's travelling Westwards. The dispute arising because the Czechs had been fighting against the Austro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolchak Army Offensive
The Spring Offensive of the Russian Army was an offensive of the White Army of the White movement led by Alexander Kolchak on the Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War, between March and April 1919. Background At the end of 1918, the situation on the Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War was unclear. Both sides fought for the Kama River. The Supreme Command of the Red Army prepared for major offensives on the Southern and Western fronts, hence there were no supplies available for the Eastern front. At the end of December the Whites conquered Perm on the northern flank, but the Reds captured Ufa on the southern flank. On 22 January 1919 the Red 1st Army connected with the Army of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which had advanced from Middle Asia. On 24 January the Red 4th Army captured Uralsk. At the beginning of 1919, the Supreme Command of the White Army decided to advance in two directions. The purpose of the northern advance was to connect with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ural Mountains
The Ural Mountains ( ; rus, Ура́льские го́ры, r=Uralskiye gory, p=ʊˈralʲskʲɪjə ˈɡorɨ; ba, Урал тауҙары) or simply the Urals, are a mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the river Ural and northwestern Kazakhstan.Ural Mountains Encyclopædia Britannica on-line The mountain range forms part of the conventional boundary between the regions of and |
Birsk
Birsk (russian: Бирск; ba, Бөрө, ''Börö''; tt-Cyrl, Бөре, ''Böre'') is a town in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River, from Ufa, the capital of the republic. Population: History Birsk was founded in 1663 and granted town status in 1781. From 1865 to 1919 it was part of Ufa Governorate. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Birsk serves as the administrative center of Birsky District, even though it is not a part of it.Resolution #391 As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Birsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Birsk is incorporated within Birsky Municipal District as Birsk Urban Settlement.Law #126-z Demographics Ethnic composition: *Russians: 57% *Tatars: 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belaya River (Kama)
The Belaya (; , ; tt-Cyrl, Агыйдел ) is a river in Bashkortostan, Russian Federation. Its source lies in the south-western Ural Mountains. It is long, and its drainage basin covers .«Река БЕЛАЯ» Russian State Water Registry Settlements along the Belaya include , Sterlitamak, (at the confluence with the river |
Turkestan Army (RSFSR)
The Turkestan Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War which existed between March 5 and June 15, 1919. History The Turkestan Army was created by an order of Sergey Kamenev, commander of the forces of the Red Eastern Front from the Orenburg Rifle Division and the 3rd Turkestan Cavalry Division. It was part of the Southern Group of Armies of the Eastern Front. It fought against White troops in the area of Orenburg during the Spring Offensive of the White Army (March-April 1919). From the end of April 1919, it participated in the Counteroffensive of the Eastern Front in 1919, successfully acting in the direction of the main strike towards Buguruslan, Belebey and Ufa. It was disbanded on June 15, 1919. Commanders * Georgy Zinoviev (March 11 - May 22, 1919) * Mikhail Frunze Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze (russian: Михаил Васильевич Фрунзе; ro, Mihail Frunză; 2 February 1885 – 31 October 1925) was a Bolshevik leader during and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belebey
Belebey (russian: Белебе́й; ba, Бәләбәй) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, located on the bank of the Usen River, from Ufa. Population: History Belebey was established in 1715 and granted town status in 1781. Between 1865 and 1919 it was part of Ufa Governorate. Administrative and municipal status Within the subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions, framework of administrative divisions, Belebey serves as the administrative center of Belebeyevsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of federal subject significance, town of republic significance of Belebey—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the administrative divisions of the Republic of Bashkortostan, districts. As a subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions, municipal division, the town of republic significance of Belebey is incorporated withi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Samoilo
Alexander Alexandrovich Samoylo (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Само́йло; October 23 (November 4) 1869 – November 8, 1963) was a commander in the Imperial Russian Army and Red Army during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Before the 1917 Russian Revolution, he was a major general on the general staff and Chief of Staff of the 10th Army. After the Russian Revolution, he was made commander of the 6th Red Army on the Northern Front between 22 November 1918 and 15 April 1920. In that capacity, he fought against the Allied intervention in Northern Russia. He also commanded the Red Army Eastern front during 4 weeks in May 1919. In 1940, he became lieutenant general of aviation and in 1943 a professor. He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1944 onwards. He was a recipient of the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Patriotic War The Order of the Patriotic War (russian: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bugulma
Bugulma (russian: Бугульма́; tt-Cyrl, Бөгелмә, ''Bögelmä'') is a town in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Population: Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Bugulma serves as the administrative center of Bugulminsky District, even though it is not a part of it.Order #01-02/9 As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Bugulma—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Bugulma is incorporated within Bugulminsky Municipal District as Bugulma Urban Settlement.Law #18-ZRT Economy Ak Bars Aero has its head office at Bugulma Airport. " |
Buguruslan
Buguruslan (russian: Бугурусла́н) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. Population: History It was founded in 1748. Administrative and municipal status Within the subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions, framework of administrative divisions, Buguruslan serves as the administrative center of Buguruslansky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is, together with six types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural localities, incorporated separately as the City of federal subject significance, Town of BuguruslanLaw #1370/276-IV-OZ—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the administrative divisions of Orenburg Oblast, districts. As a subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions, municipal division, the Town of Buguruslan is incorporated as Buguruslan Urban Okrug.Law #2367/495-IV-OZ File:Postkarte Buguruslan.jpg, Buguruslan in the beginning of the 20th century File: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Army Of The White Movement
The Western Separate Army (russian: Западная отдельная армия) was an anti-Bolshevik Army on the Eastern Front during the Russian Civil War, which fought from January 1919 – July 1919 in the Siberia – Ural Region. History The army was created on January 1, 1919 in Ural from the 3rd Ural Corps and the Kamskaya and Samara military groups (hereinafter known as the 8th Ufa and 9th Volga Corps). Later the composition of the Western army increased. By the beginning of March 1919 it consisted of the 3rd Ural Mountain Corps, 2nd Ufa Corps and 6th Ural Corps. The total strength of the Army was then 32,400 infantry, 6,300 cavalry, 570 machine guns and 98 guns. The goals of the Army in the upcoming Spring Offensive of the Russian Army (1919) were Ufa, Samara and Kazan. The Western army was also in charge of the Southern Army Group (since March 24, 1919), consisting of the 4th Army Corps and the consolidated Sterlitamak Corps. The Southern Army Group numbered about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orenburg
Orenburg (russian: Оренбу́рг, ), formerly known as Chkalov (1938–1957), is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It lies on the Ural River, southeast of Moscow. Orenburg is also very close to the Kazakhstan-Russia border, border with Kazakhstan. Population: Name Several historians have tried to explain the origins of the city's name. It was traditionally accepted that the word "orenburg" means a fortress on the Or River, River Or. In all probability, the word combination "orenburg" was proposed by , the founder of the city. In 1734, in accordance with his project, a package of governmental documents was worked out. This was the starting point for Orenburg as a fortress city near the meeting of the Or (river), Or and Ural rivers. On 7 June 1734, "A Privilege for Orenburg" (tsar's edict) was ordered by Anna of Russia, Empress Anna Ioannovna. While the construction site of the main fortress changed many times (down the River Ural), the name "Orenburg" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
