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East Bengal Club
East Bengal Club, commonly referred to as East Bengal (), is an Indian professional Sports club, multi-sport club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. It is best known for its professional men's association football, football team that competes in the Indian Super League, the top flight of the Indian football league system, Indian football. It is List of Indian football champions#Total titles won, one of the most successful football clubs in the country. Founded in August 1920, the club became affiliated with the Indian Football Association in 1922 and initially played in the Calcutta Football League Second Division before earning promotion to the First Division in 1924. East Bengal won its first First Division league title in 1942 and has since won it a record 39 times. The club was a founding member of the National Football League (India), National Football League, the first nation-wide football league in India in 1996, which it has won three times since. They have also won eight F ...
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Stephen Constantine
Stephen Constantine (born 16 October 1962) is an English professional football coach and former player who is head coach of Indian Super League club East Bengal. Early and personal life Constantine was born on 16 October 1962 in London. He is of Greek-Cypriot descent. He is a fan of English club Arsenal. Constantine is married with three daughters; his family were living in Cyprus while he was coaching in Sudan. Playing career Constantine played in the United States for the Pennsylvania Stoners and the New York Pancyprian-Freedoms. He retired from playing at the age of 26, following a serious knee injury. Coaching career After retiring from playing, Constantine spent his early coaching career in the United States and Cyprus. Constantine coached the Nepal national team between 1999 and 2001, and was awarded a medal by the country's King. Constantine was then manager of the India national team from 2002 to 2005. After leaving India he was the first-team coach for English clu ...
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Durand Cup
The Durand Football Tournament, commonly known as Durand Cup, is an annual domestic football competition in India which was first held in 1888 in Shimla. Hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) and All India Football Federation (AIFF), the tournament is the oldest existing club football tournament in Asia and the fifthThere are numerous claims in the list of oldest football competitions, which are grouped as per leagues, cups, regional cups, youth competitions etc. Here the competition is listed as per national cup competitions, following FA Cup (1871), Scottish Cup (1874), Welsh Cup (1877) and Irish Cup (1881). oldest national football competition in the world. The most successful teams are currently East Bengal Club and Mohun Bagan AC, accounting for 32 cup victories over the years, with 16 wins each. Since the inception of Federation Cup, succeeded by Super Cup, it became merely an exhibition tournament with invitational participations, but from 2022–23 ...
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Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from leaving the field, and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are "out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee ...
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Women's Association Football
Women's association football, more commonly known simply as women's football or women's soccer, is a team sport of association football when played by women only. It is played at the professional level in multiple countries and 176 national teams participate internationally. The history of women's football has seen competitions being launched at both the national and international levels. After the "first golden age" of women's football occurred in the United Kingdom in the 1920s, with one match attracting over 50,000 spectators, The Football Association instituted a ban from 1921 to 1970 in England that disallowed women's football on the grounds used by its member clubs. In many other nations, female footballers faced similarly hostile treatment and bans by male-dominated organisations. In the 1970s, international women's football tournaments were extremely popular and the oldest surviving continental championship was founded, the Women's Asian Cup. However, FIFA did not all ...
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International Federation Of Football History & Statistics
The International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS) is an organisation that chronicles the history and records of association football. It was founded in 1984 by Alfredo Pöge in Leipzig. The IFFHS was based in Abu Dhabi for some time but, in 2010, relocated to Bonn, Germany, and then in 2014 to Zürich. From its early stages to 2002, the IFFHS concentrated on publishing the quarterly magazines ''Fußball-Weltzeitschrift'', ''Libero spezial deutsch'' and ''Libero international''. When these had to be discontinued for reasons which were not officially told, the organisation published its material in a series of multi-lingual books in co-operation with sponsors.Rafa Jiménez, ''IFFHS: La calculadora del fútbol''. ''Don Balón'' (1656), 9/15 July 2007, p. 50 (in Spanish). The statistical organisation has now confined its publishing activities to its website. IFFHS has no affiliation with FIFA, but FIFA has cited awards and records conducted by IFFHS on their ...
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Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)
Mohammedan Sporting Club is an Indian multi-sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Its association football, football team competes in I-League, the Indian football league system, second-tier of Indian football, as well as in Calcutta Football League (CFL), the List of oldest football competitions, oldest football league in Asia. Formed in February 1891, it is one of the oldest active football clubs in the country. It was over three decades later since the foundation, the club became affiliated with the Indian Football Association (IFA) to play in the second division of CFL before earning promotion to the premier division of CFL in 1933 and a year later, Mohammedan became the first Indian team to win the league and in 1938 became the first team to win it for five consecutive times. After the Indian independence movement, independence of India, Mohammedan became the first Indian club to win a football tournament on foreign soil by lifting the Aga Khan Gold Cup in 1960. In 199 ...
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Kolkata Derby
The Kolkata Derby (locally known as "Boro Match"; bn, বড় ম্যাচ) is the football match in Kolkata, between East Bengal and ATK Mohun Bagan (Mohun Bagan till 2019–20). In January 2020, the owners of a Kolkata based Indian Super League club ATK merged their brand with the football department of Mohun Bagan to become ATK Mohun Bagan. The rivalry between these two teams is almost 100 years old, and the matches witnessed large audience attendance and rivalry between patrons. It is considered to be one of the biggest Asian footballing rivalry. The first match was played on 8 August 1921 in Coochbehar Cup and latest match of this historical derby was played on 29 October 2022 in Indian Super League. The Kolkata Derby is considered to be greatest derby in Asian Football and also one of the biggest derbies in the world. The two clubs meet at least 3 times a year, twice in the Indian Super League and once in the Calcutta Football League. Often these two clubs met in ...
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ATK Mohun Bagan FC
ATK Mohun Bagan FC () is an Indian professional football club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. The club competes in Indian Super League, the top flight of Indian football. The club, which was formed as a merger between the football section of multi-sport club Mohun Bagan AC and the ATK FC, began to play from the 2020–21 season as ATK Mohun Bagan FC. The entity continues with the existing registration of Mohun Bagan AC with AIFF and IFA (W.B.), and its history and tradition. The principal owner of ATK Mohun Bagan is Sanjiv Goenka led consortium called Kolkata Games & Sports with Mohun Bagan AC serving as the co-owner. ATK Mohun Bagan continues to share a fierce rivalry, known as the ''Boro Match'', with Mohun Bagan's long-time city rival East Bengal. The first derby match was played on 8 August 1921. The Mariners also have a considerate rivalry with the big clubs from Kerala; namely Gokulam Kerala and Kerala Blasters. Background History On 15 August 1889 Mohun Bagan Athl ...
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Mohun Bagan
Mohun Bagan Athletic Club is an Indian professional sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1889, its football section is one of the oldest in India and Asia. The club is most notable for its victory over East Yorkshire Regiment in the 1911 IFA Shield final. This victory made Mohun Bagan the first all-Indian side to win a championship over a British side and was a major moment during India's push for independence. Although Mohun Bagan is a multi-sport club, the primary sport since its foundation had been football. They have won the top-flight football league a record five times – the National Football League three times, and the I-League twice. They were the most successful team of India in the history of the Federation Cup, having won the championship a record 14 times. The club had also won several other trophies, including the Durand Cup (16 times), IFA Shield (22 times), Rovers Cup (14 times), and the Calcutta Football League (30 times). The club won variou ...
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Penguin Books
Penguin Books is a British publishing, publishing house. It was co-founded in 1935 by Allen Lane with his brothers Richard and John, as a line of the publishers The Bodley Head, only becoming a separate company the following year."About Penguin – company history"
, Penguin Books.
Penguin revolutionised publishing in the 1930s through its inexpensive paperbacks, sold through Woolworths Group (United Kingdom), Woolworths and other stores for Sixpence (British coin), sixpence, bringing high-quality fiction and non-fiction to the mass market. Its success showed that large audiences existed for serious books. It also affected modern British popular culture significantly through its books concerning politics, the arts, and science. Penguin Books is now an imprint (trade name), imprint of the ...
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New Delhi
New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House, and the Supreme Court of India. New Delhi is a municipality within the NCT, administered by the NDMC, which covers mostly Lutyens' Delhi and a few adjacent areas. The municipal area is part of a larger administrative district, the New Delhi district. Although colloquially ''Delhi'' and ''New Delhi'' are used interchangeably to refer to the National Capital Territory of Delhi, both are distinct entities, with both the municipality and the New Delhi district forming a relatively small part of the megacity of Delhi. The National Capital Region is a much larger entity comprising the entire NCT along with adjoining districts in neighbouring states, including Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Faridabad. The foundation stone of New Delhi was l ...
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Partition Of India
The Partition of British India in 1947 was the Partition (politics), change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in South Asia and the creation of two independent dominions: Dominion of India, India and Dominion of Pakistan, Pakistan. The Dominion of India is today the India, Republic of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan—which at the time comprised two regions lying on either side of India—is now the Pakistan, Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Bangladesh, People's Republic of Bangladesh. The partition was outlined in the Indian Independence Act 1947. The change of political borders notably included the division of two provinces of British India, Bengal Presidency, Bengal and Punjab Province (British India), Punjab. The majority Muslim districts in these provinces were awarded to Pakistan and the majority non-Muslim to India. The other assets that were divided included the British Indian Army, ...
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