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Dürerbund
The Dürerbund (named after Albrecht Dürer) was an organization of writers and artists with a strong influence on the intellectual life of the middle class in the German Reich, but also in Austria and Switzerland. The Dürerbund was founded in 1902 by the German publisher Ferdinand Avenarius, a brother of the philosopher Richard Avenarius, and the art historian Paul Schumann. It resided in Dresden-Blasewitz and had close connections to Deutscher Werkbund and the garden city movement, as Avenarius was a key person in these organizations too. The Dürerbund was not only the leading cultural organization in Germany that time, moreover it aimed at contributing to aesthetic education and education to love of nature of the broad masses. For many years, it was organized like a reading circle in which publications as ''Der Kunstwart'', a magazine initiated and edited by Avenarius, could be distributed effectively. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Kurt Fiedler
''Friedrich'' Kurt Fiedler (8 March 1894 – 11 November 1950) was a German graphic designer and a representative of the Social Democratic Party. During the Weimar Republic he was acknowledged for his poster design, his book illustrations and his drawings. After World War II, he belonged to the re-founders of the association of fine arts (''Verein bildender Künstler'') in Dresden, but lost his influence when all social-democratic forces were repelled. Life Early life and education Kurt Fiedler was born in the little village of near Dresden as son of a carpenter. His teacher noticed his talent and convinced the parents of enabling him to take an artist's education after completing Volksschule. Around 1910 he attended the evening classes of the Kunstgewerbeschule Dresden, together with Hermann Glöckner (later a renowned painter) and architect Edmund Schuchardt. It supported students that came from a humble family background and provided them with an education acco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Häfker
Hermann ''Wilhelm'' Häfker (3 June 1873, in Bremen – 27 December 1939, in the Concentration Camp Mauthausen) was an important film theoretician as well as an acknowledged Esperantist and writer. Häfker published essential contributions to film theory. Like Sergei Eisenstein he saw film as a comprehensive artwork. Häfker is considered the most important representative of the film reform movement in Germany. He recognized early the cultural potential of cinema, but also the dangers of "low taste" resulting from commercial film production. His work can be seen as part of the aesthetic movement initiated by Deutscher Werkbund and Dürerbund. During his years in Dresden, he was closely connected to Ferdinand Avenarius and his Dürerbund. He wrote popular books on history, sexual education, and science. His presumably most successful book, ''Das Sternbilder-Buch'', contributed to educating the youth to love of stars and astronomy. Häfker created it in collaboration with graphic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand Avenarius
Ferdinand Avenarius (20 December 1856, in Berlin – 22 September 1923, in Kampen) was a German lyric poet, a leading representative of the culture reform movement of his time and the first popularizer of Sylt. Life Avenarius was born in Berlin. His father, Eduard Avenarius, a publisher from Leipzig, founded a joint subsidiary company with the Brockhaus publishing house. His mother, Cäcilie née Geyer, was a daughter of the actor and painter Ludwig Geyer. Eduard Avenarius represented the company in Paris, where he consorted with Heinrich Heine and Richard Wagner, the latter being the step-uncle of Ferdinand Avenarius and his brother, the philosopher Richard Avenarius. However, there are speculations in science that Ludwig Geyer was not only the stepfather but the biological father of Wagner too. Ferdinand Avenarius attended schools in Berlin and Dresden and studied in Leipzig and Zurich medicine, natural sciences, art and literature history as well as philosophy. He returned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Avenarius
Richard Ludwig Heinrich Avenarius (19 November 1843 – 18 August 1896) was a German-Swiss philosopher. He formulated the radical positivist doctrine of "empirical criticism" or empirio-criticism. Life Avenarius attended the Nicolaischule in Leipzig and studied at the University of Zurich, Berlin, and the University of Leipzig. At the University of Leipzig, he received the Doctor of Philosophy in 1868 with his thesis on Baruch Spinoza and his pantheism, obtained the habilitation in 1876 and taught there as ''Privatdozent''. One year later, he became professor at the University of Zurich. He died in Zurich in 1896. Work Avenarius believed that scientific philosophy must be concerned with purely descriptive definitions of experience, which must be free of both metaphysics and materialism. His opposition to the materialist assertions of Carl Vogt resulted in an attack upon empirio-criticism by Vladimir Lenin in the latter's '' Materialism and Empirio-criticism''. Avenarius' pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blasewitz Dresden Dürerbundhaus 1925
Blasewitz is a larger borough (''Stadtbezirk'') of Dresden, Germany in the city's eastern centre on the Elbe river. It consists of seven quarters (''Stadtteile''): *Blasewitz *Striesen-Ost *Striesen-Süd *Striesen-West *Tolkewitz/Seidnitz-Nord *Seidnitz/Dobritz *Gruna Blasewitz is connected to the borough of Loschwitz north of the river Elbe by the Blue Wonder (''Blaues Wunder'') bridge, Johannstadt to the west, Striesen to the south, and Tolkewitz to the east. Blasewitz, Loschwitz and Weißer Hirsch form the core of a bigger city area which is known as Germany's largest coherent urban territory architecturally dominated by historic villas. As well as nearby quarters as Wachwitz and Kleinzschachwitz, they were all struck in World War II by the allied bombings but much less than others located closer to the city center. The destruction of whole streets ended at the street Fetscherstraße, which denotes the beginning of the described villa area. It is the biggest but not the only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Naumann
Friedrich Naumann (25 March 1860 – 24 August 1919) was a German Liberalism in Germany, liberal politician and Protestant parish pastor. In 1896, he founded the National-Social Association that sought to combine liberalism, nationalism and (non-Marxism, Marxist) socialism with Protestant Christian values, proposing social reform to prevent class struggle. He led the party until its merger into the Free-minded Union in 1903. From 1907 to 1912 and again from 1913 to 1918, he was a member of the Reichstag (German Empire), Reichstag of the German Empire. Naumann advocated an imperialism, imperialist foreign policy, laying out Germany's claim to dominate Central Europe in his 1915 ''Mitteleuropa'' plan. After the First World War, he co-founded the German Democratic Party and was elected to the Weimar National Assembly. Naumann is also somewhat controversial for his anti-Armenian statements. The Friedrich Naumann Foundation of the Free Democratic Party (Germany), Free Democratic P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Bartels
__NOTOC__ Adolf Bartels (15 November 1862 – 7 March 1945) was a pastor, German journalist and poet. Known for his '' völkisch'' worldview, he has been seen as a harbinger of Nazi anti-Semitism.Roderick Stackelberg, "Bartels, Adolf", in ''Antisemitism : a historical encyclopedia of prejudice and persecution'', edited by Richard S. Levy. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, 2005, (p. 59-60). Bartels was born at Wesselburen, in Holstein, and educated at Leipzig and Berlin. An artisan's son, Bartels studied literature. After 1895 a free-lance journalist in Weimar, he gained a reputation as a Hebbel scholar. In 1897 he wrote a history of German literature that was marked by racist evaluations and rabid antisemitism; it became a pioneering work for National Socialist literary reviews. According to Bartels, even authors whose names sounded Jewish, who wrote for the "Jewish press", or who were friendly with Jews were "contaminated with Jewishness". The noblest task of ''völkisch'' cultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Von Ebner-Eschenbach
Countess Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach ( cs, Marie von Ebner-Eschenbachová, german: link=no, Marie Freifrau von Ebner-Eschenbach; 13 September 183012 March 1916) was an Austrian writer. Noted for her psychological novels, she is regarded as one of the most important German-language writers of the latter portion of the 19th century. Biography Early life and family She was born at the castle of the Dubský von Třebomyslice family in Zdislawitz near Kroměříž in Moravia (present Zdislavice in the Czech Republic), the daughter of Baron (from 1843: Count) Franz Joseph Dubsky von Trebomyslicz, a nobleman whose family roots are deeply Catholic and Bohemian, and his wife Maria Rosalia Therese, ''née'' Baroness von Vockel, who came from a noble Protestant-Saxon background. Marie lost her mother in early infancy, but received a careful intellectual training from two stepmothers, first Baroness Eugenie von Bartenstein, and then her second step-mother, Countess Xaverine von Kolowrat-Krako ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Lamprecht
Karl Gotthard Lamprecht (25 February 1856 – 10 May 1915) was a German historian who specialized in German art and economic history. Biography Lamprecht was born in Jessen in the Province of Saxony. As a student, he trained in history, political science, economics, and art at the universities of Göttingen, Leipzig, and Munich. Lamprecht taught at the university in Marburg and later at Leipzig, where he founded the ''Institut für Kultur und Universalgeschicht'' center dedicated to comparative world and cultural history. Lamprecht was employee at the successful edition project “The Chronicles of the German Cities” under the leadership of the well-known and highly reputated German historian Karl von Hegel.Marion Kreis (2012''Karl Hegel. Geschichtswissenschaftliche Bedeutung und wissenschaftsgeschichtlicher Standort''(= ''Schriftenreihe der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.'' Bd. 84). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, , pp. 314 ff. La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hellerau
Hellerau is a northern quarter ''(Stadtteil)'' in the city of Dresden, Germany, slightly south of Dresden Airport. It was the first garden city in Germany. The northern section of Hellerau absorbed the village of Klotzsche, where some 18th century buildings remain. Origins Based on the ideas of Ebenezer Howard, businessman Karl Schmidt-Hellerau founded Hellerau near Dresden in 1909. The idea was to create an organic, planned community. Several well-known architects participated in its construction, including Richard Riemerschmid, Heinrich Tessenow, Hermann Muthesius, Kurt Frick, Georg Metzendorf, Wilhelm Kreis and Bruno Paul. Whilst the concept of Hellerau builds on the first garden city, at Letchworth in the UK, it in turn went on to influence other similar developments elsewhere. Specifically, the Catalan architect Rafael Masó i Valentí visited Hellerau in 1912, and went on to build the garden community at S'Agaró on the Costa Brava in Spain. Hellerau attracted cultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Thode
Henry Thode (13 January 1857 – 19 November 1920) was a German art historian. He was born in Dresden and died in Copenhagen. Biography He was an art historian at the time of the Weimar republic. He wrote against the prevailing ideas of the time that art from outside of Germany, such as French Impressionism was superior to traditional academic or native art. Thode believed that great German art should illustrate technical skill, realism and the German spirit. He also felt that art should be understood by all, not just academics and the bourgeois. Thode wrote a great deal about how the modern art of the Impressionists attempted to both destroy 'true' German art and the 'true' German spirit. His philosophies were very important in the formulation of the cultural policies of the Third Reich, especially in terms of 'degenerate' art. His wife was Daniela von Bülow, first daughter of Hans von Bülow and Cosima Liszt Francesca Gaetana Cosima Wagner ( née Liszt; 24 December 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Simmel
Georg Simmel (; ; 1 March 1858 – 26 September 1918) was a German sociologist, philosopher, and critic. Simmel was influential in the field of sociology. Simmel was one of the first generation of German sociologists: his neo-Kantian approach laid the foundations for sociological antipositivism, asking ''what is society?''—directly alluding to Kant's ''what is nature?''Levine, Donald, ed. (1971) ''Simmel: On individuality and social forms''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. . p. 6.—presenting pioneering analyses of social individuality and fragmentation. For Simmel, ''culture'' referred to "the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been objectified in the course of history." Simmel discussed social and cultural phenomena in terms of "forms" and "contents" with a transient relationship, wherein form becomes content, and vice versa dependent on context. In this sense, Simmel was a forerunner to structuralist styles of reasoning in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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