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Drucker–Prager Yield Criterion
The Drucker–Prager yield criterion is a pressure-dependent model for determining whether a material has failed or undergone plastic yielding. The criterion was introduced to deal with the plastic deformation of soils. It and its many variants have been applied to rock, concrete, polymers, foams, and other pressure-dependent materials. The Drucker– Prager yield criterion has the form : \sqrt = A + B~I_1 where I_1 is the first invariant of the Cauchy stress and J_2 is the second invariant of the deviatoric part of the Cauchy stress. The constants A, B are determined from experiments. In terms of the equivalent stress (or von Mises stress) and the hydrostatic (or mean) stress, the Drucker–Prager criterion can be expressed as : \sigma_e = a + b~\sigma_m where \sigma_e is the equivalent stress, \sigma_m is the hydrostatic stress, and a,b are material constants. The Drucker–Prager yield criterion expressed in Haigh–Westergaard coordinates is : \tfrac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drucker Prager Yield Surface 3Da
Drucker (; {{IPA-de, ˈdʁʊkɐ, lang) is a surname of German and Jewish origin, and may refer to: Surname *Adam Drucker (born 1977), American rapper and poet, known by the stage name Doseone *Adolphus Drucker (1868–1903), Dutch-born English politician * Amy Drucker (1873–1951), British artist * Daniel C. Drucker (1918–2001), American engineer and academic * Daniel J. Drucker (born 1956), Canadian endocrinologist *Gerald Drucker (1925–2010), British bassist and photographer * Iosif Druker (1822–1879), Russian Jewish violin virtuoso, known by the popular name Stempenyu *Itzhak Drucker (born 1947), Israeli footballer * Léa Drucker (born 1972), French actress * Leon Drucker (born 1961), American bassist, known by the stage name of Lee Rocker, son of Stanley * Leopold Drucker (1903–1988), Austrian footballer and coach * Linda Ryke-Drucker, American poker player * Hendrik Lodewijk Drucker (1857–1917), Dutch politician * Jason Drucker (born 2005), American child actor * Jea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Material Failure Theory
Material failure theory is an interdisciplinary field of materials science and solid mechanics which attempts to predict the conditions under which solid materials fail under the action of external loads. The failure of a material is usually classified into brittle failure (fracture) or ductile failure ( yield). Depending on the conditions (such as temperature, state of stress, loading rate) most materials can fail in a brittle or ductile manner or both. However, for most practical situations, a material may be classified as either brittle or ductile. In mathematical terms, failure theory is expressed in the form of various failure criteria which are valid for specific materials. Failure criteria are functions in stress or strain space which separate "failed" states from "unfailed" states. A precise physical definition of a "failed" state is not easily quantified and several working definitions are in use in the engineering community. Quite often, phenomenological failu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasticity (physics)
In physics and materials science, plasticity, also known as plastic deformation, is the ability of a solid material to undergo permanent Deformation (engineering), deformation, a non-reversible change of shape in response to applied forces. For example, a solid piece of metal being bent or pounded into a new shape displays plasticity as permanent changes occur within the material itself. In engineering, the transition from Elasticity (physics), elastic behavior to plastic behavior is known as Yield (engineering), yielding. Plastic deformation is observed in most materials, particularly metals, soils, Rock (geology), rocks, concrete, and foams. However, the physical mechanisms that cause plastic deformation can vary widely. At a crystalline scale, plasticity in metals is usually a consequence of dislocations. Such defects are relatively rare in most crystalline materials, but are numerous in some and part of their crystal structure; in such cases, plastic crystallinity can res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yield (engineering)
In materials science and engineering, the yield point is the point on a stress-strain curve that indicates the limit of elastic behavior and the beginning of plastic behavior. Below the yield point, a material will deform elastically and will return to its original shape when the applied stress is removed. Once the yield point is passed, some fraction of the deformation will be permanent and non-reversible and is known as plastic deformation. The yield strength or yield stress is a material property and is the stress corresponding to the yield point at which the material begins to deform plastically. The yield strength is often used to determine the maximum allowable load in a mechanical component, since it represents the upper limit to forces that can be applied without producing permanent deformation. In some materials, such as aluminium, there is a gradual onset of non-linear behavior, making the precise yield point difficult to determine. In such a case, the offset yiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solid Mechanics
Solid mechanics, also known as mechanics of solids, is the branch of continuum mechanics that studies the behavior of solid materials, especially their motion and deformation under the action of forces, temperature changes, phase changes, and other external or internal agents. Solid mechanics is fundamental for civil, aerospace, nuclear, biomedical and mechanical engineering, for geology, and for many branches of physics such as materials science. It has specific applications in many other areas, such as understanding the anatomy of living beings, and the design of dental prostheses and surgical implants. One of the most common practical applications of solid mechanics is the Euler–Bernoulli beam equation. Solid mechanics extensively uses tensors to describe stresses, strains, and the relationship between them. Solid mechanics is a vast subject because of the wide range of solid materials available, such as steel, wood, concrete, biological materials, textiles, geological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plane Stress
In continuum mechanics, a material is said to be under plane stress if the stress vector is zero across a particular plane. When that situation occurs over an entire element of a structure, as is often the case for thin plates, the stress analysis is considerably simplified, as the stress state can be represented by a tensor of dimension 2 (representable as a 2×2 matrix rather than 3×3). A related notion, plane strain, is often applicable to very thick members. Plane stress typically occurs in thin flat plates that are acted upon only by load forces that are parallel to them. In certain situations, a gently curved thin plate may also be assumed to have plane stress for the purpose of stress analysis. This is the case, for example, of a thin-walled cylinder filled with a fluid under pressure. In such cases, stress components perpendicular to the plate are negligible compared to those parallel to it. In other situations, however, the bending stress of a thin plate cannot be ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematics & Mechanics Of Solids
''Mathematics & Mechanics of Solids'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the fields of Mechanics and Mathematics. The journal's editor is David J Steigmann ( University of California). It has been in publication since 1996 and is currently published by SAGE Publications. Scope ''Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids'' is an international journal which publishes original research in solid mechanics and materials science. The journal’s aim is to publish original, self-contained research that focuses on the mechanical behaviour of solids with particular emphasis on mathematical principles. Abstracting and indexing ''Mathematics & Mechanics of Solids'' is abstracted and indexed in, among other databases: SCOPUS, and the Social Sciences Citation Index The Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) is a commercial citation index product of Clarivate Analytics. It was originally developed by the Institute for Scientific Information from the Science Citatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hill Yield Criteria
The Hill yield criterion developed by Rodney Hill, is one of several yield criteria for describing anisotropic plastic deformations. The earliest version was a straightforward extension of the von Mises yield criterion and had a quadratic form. This model was later generalized by allowing for an exponent ''m''. Variations of these criteria are in wide use for metals, polymers, and certain composites. Quadratic Hill yield criterion The quadratic Hill yield criterion has the form : F(\sigma_-\sigma_)^2 + G(\sigma_-\sigma_)^2 + H(\sigma_-\sigma_)^2 + 2L\sigma_^2 + 2M\sigma_^2 + 2N\sigma_^2 = 1 ~. Here ''F, G, H, L, M, N'' are constants that have to be determined experimentally and \sigma_ are the stresses. The quadratic Hill yield criterion depends only on the deviatoric stresses and is pressure independent. It predicts the same yield stress in tension and in compression. Expressions for ''F'', ''G'', ''H'', ''L'', ''M'', ''N'' If the axes of material anisotropy are assum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene. Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefins and is partially crystalline and non-polar. Its properties are similar to polyethylene, but it is slightly harder and more heat-resistant. It is a white, mechanically rugged material and has a high chemical resistance. Bio-PP is the bio-based counterpart of polypropylene (PP). Polypropylene is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene). In 2019, the global market for polypropylene was worth $126.03 billion. Revenues are expected to exceed US$145 billion by 2019. The sales of this material are forecast to grow at a rate of 5.8% per year until 2021. History Phillips Petroleum chemists J. Paul Hogan and Robert Banks first demonstrated the polymerization of propylene in 1951. The stereoselective polymerization t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyoxymethylene
Polyoxymethylene (POM), also known as acetal, polyacetal, and polyformaldehyde, is an engineering thermoplastic used in precision parts requiring high stiffness, low friction, and excellent dimensional stability. As with many other synthetic polymers, it is produced by different chemical firms with slightly different formulas and sold variously by such names as Delrin, Kocetal, Ultraform, Celcon, Ramtal, Duracon, Kepital, Polypenco, Tenac and Hostaform. POM is characterized by its high strength, hardness and rigidity to −40 °C. POM is intrinsically opaque white because of its high crystalline composition but can be produced in a variety of colors. POM has a density of 1.410–1.420g/cm3. Typical applications for injection-molded POM include high-performance engineering components such as small gear wheels, eyeglass frames, ball bearings, ski bindings, fasteners, gun parts, knife handles, and lock systems. The material is widely used in the automotive and consumer electr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drucker Prager Yield Surface 3Db
Drucker (; {{IPA-de, ˈdʁʊkɐ, lang) is a surname of German and Jewish origin, and may refer to: Surname *Adam Drucker (born 1977), American rapper and poet, known by the stage name Doseone *Adolphus Drucker (1868–1903), Dutch-born English politician * Amy Drucker (1873–1951), British artist * Daniel C. Drucker (1918–2001), American engineer and academic * Daniel J. Drucker (born 1956), Canadian endocrinologist *Gerald Drucker (1925–2010), British bassist and photographer * Iosif Druker (1822–1879), Russian Jewish violin virtuoso, known by the popular name Stempenyu *Itzhak Drucker (born 1947), Israeli footballer * Léa Drucker (born 1972), French actress * Leon Drucker (born 1961), American bassist, known by the stage name of Lee Rocker, son of Stanley * Leopold Drucker (1903–1988), Austrian footballer and coach * Linda Ryke-Drucker, American poker player * Hendrik Lodewijk Drucker (1857–1917), Dutch politician * Jason Drucker (born 2005), American child actor * Jea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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