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Drammen Spiral
The ''Drammen Spiral'' (Norwegian : ''Spiralen Drammen'') is a tunnel near Drammen, Norway. Tunnel characteristics The tunnel is long and in the shape of a helix, with six rising circles, in the same style as a multi-storey parking lot. Each rotation of the helix rises , with a diameter of . The tunnel emerges at a summit above the town on Skansen Ridge, where there are parking facilities and a cafe. Tunnel usage From the summit, tourists can walk in the ''Drammensmarka'', the forest area surrounding Drammen. There is a road toll levied for use of the tunnel, which for cars as of 2020 was NOK 35, paid as a parking fee at the top. The maximum height for vehicles is . Pedestrians may not use the tunnel: instead there is a gravelled zigzag track up the hillside with seats and viewpoints. Average daily traffic in 2020 was 350 vehicles, but usage can vary from 100 to 2000 vehicles per day depending on the season. History Drammen city ground conditions are poor, with most buildings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiralen Drammen
The ''Drammen Spiral'' (Norwegian : ''Spiralen Drammen'') is a tunnel near Drammen, Norway. Tunnel characteristics The tunnel is long and in the shape of a helix, with six rising circles, in the same style as a multi-storey parking lot. Each rotation of the helix rises , with a diameter of . The tunnel emerges at a summit above the town on Skansen Ridge, where there are parking facilities and a cafe. Tunnel usage From the summit, tourists can walk in the ''Drammensmarka'', the forest area surrounding Drammen. There is a road toll levied for use of the tunnel, which for cars as of 2020 was NOK 35, paid as a parking fee at the top. The maximum height for vehicles is . Pedestrians may not use the tunnel: instead there is a gravelled zigzag track up the hillside with seats and viewpoints. Average daily traffic in 2020 was 350 vehicles, but usage can vary from 100 to 2000 vehicles per day depending on the season. History Drammen city ground conditions are poor, with most buildings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Granite
Granite () is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies underground. It is common in the continental crust of Earth, where it is found in igneous intrusions. These range in size from dikes only a few centimeters across to batholiths exposed over hundreds of square kilometers. Granite is typical of a larger family of ''granitic rocks'', or ''granitoids'', that are composed mostly of coarse-grained quartz and feldspars in varying proportions. These rocks are classified by the relative percentages of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase (the QAPF classification), with true granite representing granitic rocks rich in quartz and alkali feldspar. Most granitic rocks also contain mica or amphibole minerals, though a few (known as leucogranites) contain almost no dark minerals. Granite is nearly alway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Road Tunnels In Viken
A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation. There are many types of roads, including parkways, avenues, controlled-access highways (freeways, motorways, and expressways), tollways, interstates, highways, thoroughfares, and local roads. The primary features of roads include lanes, sidewalks (pavement), roadways (carriageways), medians, shoulders, verges, bike paths (cycle paths), and shared-use paths. Definitions Historically many roads were simply recognizable routes without any formal construction or some maintenance. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines a road as "a line of communication (travelled way) using a stabilized base other than rails or air strips open to public traffic, primarily for the use of road motor vehicles running on their own wheels", which in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Spiral Tunnels And Tunnels On A Curved Alignment
Lists of spiral (helicoidal) tunnels and tunnels on a curved alignment on roads and railway lines worldwide. Road tunnels * Churchischleif, road to Isenfluh (Switzerland) * Drammen Spiral, Norway * on SS 659 near Formazza, Italy (full 360° turn) * Horda Tunnel, E134, Norway * Jinjiazhuang Tunnel (金家庄隧道), world's longest spiral highway tunnel, located in Chicheng, Zhangjiakou, China * Tagountsa Tunnel, High Atlas, Morocco. A short spiral tunnel built along a now disused military road in 1933.https://www.google.com/maps/place/32°10.125'N+4°56.57'W * Wolonggou Tunnel (卧龙沟长隧道) a motorway tunnel between Xunhua and Linxia in China Railway tunnels A part of a line is bracketed (), if it is located in a country other than that mentioned in the specific table: Example: :(Lausanne – Montreux – Sierre – Visp – Brig – ) → Switzerland Africa South Africa Americas Canada Asia Russia Europe Croatia France Germany Italy Norway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Tunnels In Norway ...
This list of tunnels in Norway includes any road, rail or waterway tunnel in Norway. There are over 900 road tunnels in Norway with total length exceeding 750 km The longest road tunnels (>7 km, with opening year and length): The longest subsea road tunnels (see also List of subsea tunnels in Norway): The longest railway tunnels: See also *List of subsea tunnels in Norway *List of tunnels by location {{Tunnels in Europe Norway Tunnels Tunnels A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through surrounding soil, earth or rock, and enclosed except for the entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube constr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helicoid
The helicoid, also known as helical surface, after the plane and the catenoid, is the third minimal surface to be known. Description It was described by Euler in 1774 and by Jean Baptiste Meusnier in 1776. Its name derives from its similarity to the helix: for every point on the helicoid, there is a helix contained in the helicoid which passes through that point. Since it is considered that the planar range extends through negative and positive infinity, close observation shows the appearance of two parallel or mirror planes in the sense that if the slope of one plane is traced, the co-plane can be seen to be bypassed or skipped, though in actuality the co-plane is also traced from the opposite perspective. The helicoid is also a ruled surface (and a right conoid), meaning that it is a trace of a line. Alternatively, for any point on the surface, there is a line on the surface passing through it. Indeed, Catalan proved in 1842 that the helicoid and the plane were the only rul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Jewish Avengers
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Tightrope Men
''The Tightrope Men'' is a novel written by English author Desmond Bagley, and was first published in 1973. Plot introduction Giles Denison's life is turned upside down when he awakes to find himself in a luxurious hotel. Denison has a reputation as an alcoholic, so waking up in a strange room is not too surprising, but he finds that not only is he now in Oslo, Norway, but that the face in the bathroom mirror is the face of another man. However he calms down a bit once he locates a scar on his leg, a scar he has had from childhood, and realizes that he had been kidnapped from his flat in London and surgically altered to resemble a Finnish scientist, Dr Harold Feltham Meyrick. Meyrick is a scientist and engineer with multiple military contracts, who was involved in a British operation to retrieve some scientific documents, with information which would make nuclear missiles virtually obsolete from the Soviet Union. After an attempt on Denison’s life (as Meyrick), he makes c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmond Bagley
Desmond Bagley (29 October 1923 – 12 April 1983) was an English journalist and novelist known mainly for a series of bestselling thrillers. He and fellow British writers such as Hammond Innes and Alistair MacLean set conventions for the genre: a tough, resourceful, but essentially ordinary hero pitted against villains determined to sow destruction and chaos for their own ends. Biography Bagley was born in Kendal, Westmorland – now in Cumbria – as the son of John and Hannah Bagley. His family moved to the resort town of Blackpool in the summer of 1935, when Bagley was 12. Leaving school not long after the move, Bagley worked as a printer's assistant and factory worker, and during the Second World War in the aircraft industry. Bagley had a stutter all of his life, which initially exempted him from military conscription. Bagley left England in 1947 for Africa and worked his way overland, crossing the Sahara Desert and briefly settling in Kampala, Uganda, where he contracted m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olav V Of Norway
Olav V (; born Prince Alexander of Denmark; 2 July 1903 – 17 January 1991) was the King of Norway from 1957 until his death in 1991. Olav was the only child of King Haakon VII of Norway and Maud of Wales. He became heir apparent to the Norwegian throne when his father was elected King of Norway in 1905. He was the first heir to the Norwegian throne to be brought up in Norway since Olav IV in the fourteenth century, and his parents made sure he was given as Norwegian an upbringing as possible. In preparation for his future role, he attended both civilian and military schools. In 1929, he married his first cousin Princess Märtha of Sweden. During World War II his leadership was much appreciated and he was appointed Norwegian Chief of Defence in 1944. Olav became king following the death of his father in 1957. Owing to his considerate, down-to-earth style, King Olav was immensely popular, resulting in the nickname ('The People's King'). In a 2005 poll by the Norwegian Bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concrete
Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens (cures) over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, and is the most widely used building material. Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminum combined. Globally, the ready-mix concrete industry, the largest segment of the concrete market, is projected to exceed $600 billion in revenue by 2025. This widespread use results in a number of environmental impacts. Most notably, the production process for cement produces large volumes of greenhouse gas emissions, leading to net 8% of global emissions. Other environmental concerns include widespread illegal sand mining, impacts on the surrounding environment such as increased surface runoff or urban heat island effect, and potential public health implications from toxic ingredients. Significant research and development is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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