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Double Static Rook
Double Static Rook (相居飛車 ''ai-ibisha'') positions are shogi openings in which both players use a Static Rook position. Relation to castles Most Static Rook openings coincide with a castle development on the player's left side of board. In Double Static Rook openings, a Static Rook player's king is initially threatened from above by the opponent's rook which has remained on its starting square. Castles in Double Static Rook openings have a wide variety of forms that are dependent upon the specific opening used. Some openings like Fortress and Bishop Exchange openings have the king moved leftward away from the rook in compact castles while openings like Double Wing Attack and Side Pawn Capture have rather minimal castle formations with much less king safety in a trade off of defending wider areas within the Static Rook side's camp in order to defend against future piece drops. Double Static Rook openings Double Wing Attack Double Wing Attack is a Double Static ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shogi Opening
A shogi opening ( ) is the sequence of initial moves of a shogi game before the middle game. The more general Japanese term for the beginning of the game is ()''.'' A '' jōseki'' () is the especially recommended sequence of moves for a given opening that was considered balanced play at one point in time for both sides by professional players. (However, some ''s'' have become outdated when they are reevaluated to no longer give balanced play.) ''s'' also typically include commentary about the possible reasons to deviate from the especially regarding blunders. Note that not all openings have ''s''. For example, trap openings like Demon Slayer, while they may have standard moves, are considered to favor one player and are not balanced play. Thus, the Demon Slayer opening is not a jōseki. Introduction The very first opening moves in most games are pawn pushes. In particular, most games start with two types of pawn pushes. A player can move the rook pawn forward (P-26) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Static Rook
Static Rook (居飛車 ''ibisha'') openings in shogi typically have the player's rook at its start position, which is the second file (on the 28 square) for Black and the eighth file (on the 82 square) for White. Explanation Static Rook is a set of openings in which the rook remains on its starting square, which is the 28 square if played by Black and the 82 square if played by White. It is also possible to include other openings where the rook moves to another file that is still on the players right side of the board, such as the third file or the fourth file. The reason for including these other openings where the rook is not technically ''static'' is because the typical castle fortifications constructed to the protect the Static Rook player's king are usually the same for these openings. Nonetheless, some shogi theory does categorize these openings with right side rook movement into the same group as Ranging Rook openings despite the disparity in castle formation. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortress Opening
Fortress (矢倉 or 櫓 ''yagura'') is both a Static Rook opening (矢倉戦法 ''yagura senpō'') and a castle in shogi. It is usually played in a Double Static Rook opening, which is often a Double Fortress opening. However, it may also occur in different Double Static Rook openings such as Fortress vs Right Fourth File Rook. The Fortress castle (矢倉囲い ''yagura gakoi''), which is the defining characteristic of Fortress games, was considered by many to be one of the strongest defensive positions in Double Static Rook games in the 1980s. The term ''yagura'' is the Japanese word for a tower-like structure in traditional Japanese castles. Double Fortress The most commonly encountered Fortress strategies occur in Double Fortress games where both players use a Fortress formation. Historical Fortress Earlier josekis for Fortress in the Edo period (usually spelled 櫓 at that time) were very different from the current josekis. For instance, in one variation, it is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Exchange
In shogi, Bishop Exchange (角換わり or 角換り ''kakugawari'') is a Double Static Rook opening in which the players exchange their bishops relatively early so as to have bishops in hand. Throughout the game, both players have a bishop drop threat, with which they can exploit any positional weakness that their opponent inadvertently creates. Overview The Bishop Exchange opening is a Double Static Rook opening. Black starts with activating both their bishop (P-76) and rook (P-26) while White quickly puts pressure on Black with rook pawn pushes (...P-84, ...P-85). White's aim is to exchange their rook pawn off the board on the eighth file as soon as possible. This has a number of benefits: it gives White a pawn in hand that can be used to drop later in the game, and it frees up the rook so that it can move to any rank above Black's camp (see: Sabaki). However, in this opening, in response, Black wishes to prevent White's early rook pawn exchange by defending the 86 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Wing Attack
In shogi, Double Wing Attack or simply Wing Attack or Centre Game (相掛かり or 相懸り ''aigakari'') is a Double Static Rook opening in which both sides directly advance their rook pawns forward on the second and eighth files toward their opponent's bishop often with the first several moves on each side being identical or very similar. History and general discussion The Double Wing Attack is one of the most traditional openings dating back to over 250 years ago. Double Wing openings have two general variations. The first one has both bishop diagonals open (that is, P-76 and P-34) while the second type has bishop diagonals closed. The open bishop diagonal variations were most common historically being played from the 1700s and throughout the first part of the twentieth century. However, in modern shogi, the term ''Aigakari'' typically refers to the closed bishop diagonal variations. One reason is that the open bishop diagonal position shown in the adjacent diagra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Side Pawn Capture
In shogi, Side Pawn Capture (横歩取り ''yokofudori,'' also translated as ''Side Pawn Picker, Side Pawn Piker'' or simply 横歩 ''yokofu'' ''Side Pawn'') is a Double Static Rook opening. The ''side pawns'' referred to are the pawns that are advanced in order to open both players' bishop diagonal. (P34 is White's side pawn, P76 is Black's.) In this opening, this pawn is captured by an opponent's rook in a gambit move – typically, made by Black with Rx34. This is one of the few gambits in shogi. The move has the typical characteristics of gambits: Black gains material with the extra pawn but now has lost tempo as their rook is now off its original file and requires a few moves to maneuver the rook back to the second file safely, White has lost material but now has faster development including the possibility of dropping a pawn to attack on the third file later (and Black has no comparable extra pawn drop possibilities). Additionally, while White has offered the P34 gambit pawn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Wing Attack Floating Rook
In shogi, Floating Rook (浮き飛車 ''ukibisha'') is a variation of the Double Wing Attack (相掛かり ''aigakari'') opening in which Black's rook falls back to rank 6 (R-26) aiming to protect this rank and prevent White from exchanging pawns on the eighth file to get a pawn in hand. The translated term ''floating'' is synonymous with the term ''hanging'' as in ''hanging piece'' used in western chess where ''floating'' means a piece that is not defended by another piece. From this position, there are numerous subvariants. Development 6. R-26. Floating Rook. 6. ...72 or 6. ...62. White has two options regarding their right silver: it could advance either to the seventh file or the sixth file. The seventh file (S-72) option is more common and has become the standard move in Double Wing Attack while the sixth file option is an older move according to professional player Kiyokazu Katsumata (勝又清和). ''6. ...72.'' Moving the silver up to the seventh file allows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gambit
A gambit (from Italian , the act of tripping someone with the leg to make them fall) is a chess opening in which a player sacrifices with the aim of achieving a subsequent advantage. The word ''gambit'' is also sometimes used to describe similar tactics used by politicians or business people in a struggle with rivals in their respective fields, for example: "The early election was a risky gambit by Theresa May." Terminology The word "gambit" was originally applied to chess openings in 1561 by Spanish priest Ruy López de Segura, from an Italian expression ''dare il gambetto'' (to put a leg forward in order to trip someone). López studied this maneuver, and so the Italian word gained the Spanish form ''gambito'' that led to French ''gambit'', which has influenced the English spelling of the word. The broader sense of "opening move meant to gain advantage" was first recorded in English in 1855. Gambits are most commonly played by White. Some well-known examples of a gambit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professional Shogi Player
A professional shogi player (将棋棋士 ''shōgi kishi'' or プロ棋士 ''puro kishi'' "professional player") is a shogi player who is usually a member of a professional guild of shogi players. There are two categories of professional players: regular professional and women's professional. All regular professional shogi players are members of the Japan Shogi Association (JSA). However, only regular professional players, who are all male, are considered to be full-fledged members. Women's professional players belong to groups distinct from regular professional players. In Japanese, the term 棋士 ''kishi'' only refers to regular professional players to the exclusion of women's professionals, who are termed 女流棋士 ''joryū kishi.'' History During the Edo period (1603-1868), shogi followed an iemoto system centered around three families (schools): the , the and the . Titles such as Meijin were hereditary and could only be held by members of these three families. These ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shintarō Saitō
is a Japanese professional shogi player, ranked 8-dan. He is a former Ōza title holder. Early life and apprentice professional Shintarō Saitō was born on April 21, 1993, in Nara. He learned how to play the game from reading books written by Yoshiharu Habu, and as a third-grade elementary school student played his future mentor shogi professional Mamoru Hatakeyama for the first time in an instructional game. As a fourth-grade student, Saitō personally wrote Hatakeyama asking for formal instruction, and formally entered the Japan Shogi Association's apprentice school at the rank of 6-kyū in September 2004 under the latter's guidance. Saitō steadily progressed as an apprentice professional, reaching 1-dan in November 2006 and entering the 43rd 3-dan League in April 2008; his progress, however, slowed and it took him eight seasons of 3-dan League play before he was able to obtain professional status and the rank of 4-dan by winning the 50th 3-dan League with a record of 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ishi Press
Samuel Howard Sloan (born September 7, 1944) is an American perennial candidate and former broker-dealer. In 1978, he won a case ''pro se'' before the United States Supreme Court, becoming the last non-lawyer to argue a case in front of the court before it prohibited the practice in 2013. In 2006, Sloan served on the executive board of the United States Chess Federation. He has run unsuccessfully or attempted to run for several political offices, including President of the United States. Early life and education Sloan was born in Richmond, Virginia, and graduated from high school in 1962. He studied at the University of California, Berkeley, where he became president of the Sexual Freedom League branch before dropping out. Sloan began studying chess at age 7. In 1959, he was the youngest competitor in the National Capital Open Chess Tournament in Washington, D.C. The United States Chess Federation's database reports that he has played in 152 chess tournaments since 1991 and tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shogi Openings
, also known as Japanese chess, is a Abstract strategy game, strategy board game for two players. It is one of the most popular board games in Japan and is in the same family of games as chess, Western chess, ''chaturanga, Xiangqi'', Indian chess, and ''janggi''. ''Shōgi'' means general's (''shō'' ) board game (''gi'' ). Western chess is sometimes called (''Seiyō Shōgi'' ) in Japan. Shogi was the earliest chess-related historical game to allow captured pieces to be returned to the board by the capturing player. This drop rule is speculated to have been invented in the 15th century and possibly connected to the practice of 15th century Mercenary#15th to 18th centuries, mercenaries switching loyalties when captured instead of being killed. The earliest predecessor of the game, chaturanga, originated in India in the sixth century, and the game was likely transmitted to Japan via China or Korea sometime after the Nara period."Shogi". ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 2002. Shogi in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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