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Dolichovespula Adulterina
''Dolichovespula adulterina'' is a species of parasitic social wasp found in the Palearctic region. ''D. adulterina'' feeds on a variety of foods, including insects, spiders, arthropods, meat, molluscs, fruit, nectar, and larval secretions. ''D. adulterina'' was formerly considered to be synonymous with ''D. arctica'' from the Holarctic region, but more recent research indicates that ''D. arctica'' is a separate species. Taxonomy and phylogeny ''D. adulterina'' is a parasitic wasp in the order Hymenoptera. It is a member of the subfamily Vespinae and was labeled a subgenus of the genus '' Vespula'' at one point. '' Dolichovespula'' spp. are identified by a gently notched labrum on the ventral border. This is the location of sensory bristles. ''Dolichovespula'' spp. exhibit microscopic spinous growths all over the palate region, whereas other species have localised growths. Another distinctive feature is the monodentate mandible, where the primary incisor is always linear. Its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Du Buysson
Robert François du Buysson (Born 6 May 1861 - Broût-Vernet (Allier) - Deceased 16 March 1946 - Saint-Rémy-la-Varenne (Maine-et-Loire)), was a French naturalist. Biography He is the son of botanist :fr:François-Charles du Buysson (1825-1906) and Mathilde de Montaignac (1829-1899) and the brother of entomologist :fr:Henri du Buysson. Having developed a taste for herbariums at a very young age and a keen sense of observation, Robert du Buysson began to study the mosses of his native region rapidly expanding his field of study to lichens and vascular cryptogams. From 1888 to 1893 he published an inventory of vascular cryptogams of Europe in the Scientific Review of Bourbonnais and the Centre of France. In the field of bryology, the name of Robert du Buysson remains attached to two species: '' Orthorichum berthoumieui'', named in honor of Father Berthoumieu with whom he studied the mosses around Saint-Pourçain (Allier), and '' Barbula buyssoni''. Robert du Buysson disting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fovea
Fovea () (Latin for "pit"; plural foveae ) is a term in anatomy. It refers to a pit or depression in a structure. Human anatomy * Fovea centralis of the retina * Fovea buccalis or Dimple * Fovea of the femoral head *Trochlear fovea of the frontal bone * Pterygoid fovea of the mandible neck *fovea ethmoidalis part of the frontal bone of skull that separates ethmoid sinuses from the anterior cranial fossa. Spider anatomy *Fovea (spider) This glossary describes the terms used in formal descriptions of spiders; where applicable these terms are used in describing other arachnids. Links within the glossary are shown . Terms A Abdomen or opisthosoma: One of the two main body par ..., a depression in the centre of the carapace See also * Hilum, another term associated with anatomic pits or depressions ** Hilum (anatomy) ** Hilum (biology) {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerites
A sclerite (Greek , ', meaning "hard") is a hardened body part. In various branches of biology the term is applied to various structures, but not as a rule to vertebrate anatomical features such as bones and teeth. Instead it refers most commonly to the hardened parts of arthropod exoskeletons and the internal spicules of invertebrates such as certain sponges and soft corals. In paleontology, a scleritome is the complete set of sclerites of an organism, often all that is known from fossil invertebrates. Sclerites in combination Sclerites may occur practically isolated in an organism, such as the sting of a cone shell. Also, they can be more or less scattered, such as tufts of defensive sharp, mineralised bristles as in many marine Polychaetes. Or, they can occur as structured, but unconnected or loosely connected arrays, such as the mineral "teeth" in the radula of many Mollusca, the valves of Chitons, the beak of Cephalopod, or the articulated exoskeletons of Arthropoda. When sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuticle (insect Anatomy)
The cuticle forms the major part of the integument of the Arthropoda. It includes most of the material of the exoskeleton of the insects, Crustacea, Arachnida, and Myriapoda. Morphology In arthropods, the integument, the external "skin", or "shell", is the product of a single layer of ectodermal epithelium. That layer is attached to the external or distal surface of the deepest layer, the non-cellular internal membrane of the integument. That non-cellular membrane is called the basement membrane. The layer of epithelium on the basement membrane produces the cuticle, which begins as a tough, flexible layer of chitin. Such thin, flexible chitin is the major structural part of the integument where flexibility is necessary, such as in bodily parts that must stretch to contain accumulated liquids, or that form joints between rigid parts of the exoskeleton. In other parts of the cuticle the function of the integument demands more rigid materials, such as armoured regions or the bit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trophallaxis
Trophallaxis () is the transfer of food or other fluids among members of a community through mouth-to-mouth ( stomodeal) or anus-to-mouth ( proctodeal) feeding. Along with nutrients, trophallaxis can involve the transfer of molecules such as pheromones, organisms such as symbionts, and information to serve as a form of communication. Trophallaxis is used by some birds, gray wolves, vampire bats, and is most highly developed in social insects such as ants, wasps, bees, and termites. Etymology Tropho- (prefix or suffix) is derived from the Greek trophé, meaning 'nourishment'. The Greek 'allaxis' means 'exchange'. The word was introduced by the entomologist William Morton Wheeler in 1918. Evolutionary significance Trophallaxis was used in the past to support theories on the origin of sociality in insects. The Swiss psychologist and entomologist Auguste Forel also believed that food sharing was key to ant society and he used an illustration of it as the frontispiece for his boo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnivorous
A carnivore , or meat-eater (Latin, ''caro'', genitive ''carnis'', meaning meat or "flesh" and ''vorare'' meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements derive from animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) whether through hunting or scavenging. Nomenclature Mammal order The technical term for mammals in the order Carnivora is ''carnivoran'', and they are so-named because most member species in the group have a carnivorous diet, but the similarity of the name of the order and the name of the diet causes confusion. Many but not all carnivorans are meat eaters; a few, such as the large and small cats (felidae) are ''obligate'' carnivores (see below). Other classes of carnivore are highly variable. The Ursids, for example: While the Arctic polar bear eats meat almost exclusively (more than 90% of its diet is meat), almost all other bear species are omnivorous, and one species, the giant panda, is nearly exclusively herbivorous. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vespine
A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder. The wasps do not constitute a clade, a complete natural group with a single ancestor, as bees and ants are deeply nested within the wasps, having evolved from wasp ancestors. Wasps that are members of the clade Aculeata can sting their prey. The most commonly known wasps, such as yellowjackets and hornets, are in the family Vespidae and are eusocial, living together in a nest with an egg-laying queen and non-reproducing workers. Eusociality is favoured by the unusual haplodiploid system of sex determination in Hymenoptera, as it makes sisters exceptionally closely related to each other. However, the majority of wasp species are solitary, with each adult female living and breeding independently. Females typically have an ovipositor f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufour’s Gland
Dufour's gland is an abdominal gland of certain insects, part of the anatomy of the ovipositor or sting apparatus in female members of Apocrita. The diversification of Hymenoptera took place in the Cretaceous and the gland may have developed at about this time (200 million years ago) as it is present in all three groups of Apocrita, the wasps, bees and ants. Structure Dufour’s gland was first described by Léon Jean Marie Dufour in 1841. Along with the spermatheca and the poison gland, it develops as an invagination of valves of the sternum. It empties at the base of the ovipositor in ants but into the dorsal vaginal wall in bees and wasps. The gland is lined by a single layer of Epithelium, epithelial cells which secrete substances into the hollow interior. Muscles round the opening of the duct may help control the outflow. Function The purpose of Dufour’s gland is to secrete chemicals, but the nature of the secretions and their function differs in various hymenopteran groups. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vespula Austriaca
''Vespula austriaca'' is an obligate parasitic wasp, parasitizing the nests of other species in the genus '' Vespula'' in the Old World. Its common host species include '' V. rufa'' in Europe, Japan, and East Siberia.''V. austriaca ''wasps pollinate orchids. In some literature, ''V. austriaca'' is mentioned under the common name "Cuckoo wasp", but this should not be confused with the family Chrysididae, which have the same common name. Taxonomy and phylogeny ''Vespula austriaca'' is a member of the family Vespidae. The genera '' Vespula'' and '' Dolichovespula'' are thought to be closely related and are considered sister groups. Their similarities include absences of strong seta on third segment of labial palpus, smaller scutal lamella, and a characteristic twisted pedicel in embryonic nests. The Nearctic population formerly considered as belonging to ''V. austriaca'' has been recognized as a separate species, ''Vespula infernalis''. Description and identification ''Ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasites
Parasitism is a Symbiosis, close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the Host (biology), host, causing it some harm, and is Adaptation, adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has characterised parasites as "predators that eat prey in units of less than one". Parasites include single-celled protozoans such as the agents of malaria, sleeping sickness, and amoebic dysentery; animals such as hookworms, lice, mosquitoes, and vampire bats; fungi such as Armillaria mellea, honey fungus and the agents of ringworm; and plants such as mistletoe, dodder, and the Orobanchaceae, broomrapes. There are six major parasitic Behavioral ecology#Evolutionarily stable strategy, strategies of exploitation of animal hosts, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism (by contact), wikt:trophic, trophicallytransmitted parasitism (by being eaten), Disease vector, vector-transmitted paras ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inquiline
In zoology, an inquiline (from Latin ''inquilinus'', "lodger" or "tenant") is an animal that lives commensally in the nest, burrow, or dwelling place of an animal of another species. For example, some organisms such as insects may live in the homes of gophers or the garages of humans and feed on debris, fungi, roots, etc. The most widely distributed types of inquiline are those found in association with the nests of social insects, especially ants and termites – a single colony may support dozens of different inquiline species. The distinctions between parasites, social parasites, and inquilines are subtle, and many species may fulfill the criteria for more than one of these, as inquilines do exhibit many of the same characteristics as parasites. However, parasites are specifically ''not'' inquilines, because by definition they have a deleterious effect on the host species, while inquilines have not been confirmed to do so. In the specific case of termites, the term "'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolichovespula Norwegica
The Norwegian wasp (''Dolichovespula norwegica'') is a species of eusocial wasp. It is common in Scandinavia and can also be found in Scotland and other areas in Britain and Ireland. Often known for being a tree wasp, it nests in low branches and bushes and feeds on insects. It also obtains nectar from blueberry and snowberry flowers.''Dolichovespula norwegica'' (Norwegian wasp). 2009. http://www.record-lrc.co.uk/c1.aspx?Mod=Article&ArticleID=Dolichoveespula_norwegica ''Dolichovespula norwegica'' (Norwegian wasp), Record Although ''D. norwegica'' is rarely considered a pest in the past, a few cases of pest problems relating to them have been reported. The species is not endangered.Bristol Wasp Control Experts .''https://pestbristol.co.uk/british-wasps/'' (Norwegian wasp),Bristol Pest Control Taxonomy and phylogeny ''D. norwegica'' is placed in the family Vespidae and the genus ''Dolichovespula''. Based on recent studies on mitochondrial genes, ''Dolichovespula'' and ''Vespula'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
