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Doi Tung Coffee
Doi Tung Coffee is a varietal of ''Coffea arabica'' grown in northern Thailand. History The Doi Tung varietal of coffee emerged from Thai opium replacement efforts starting in the late 1980s. The mountainous region around Mount Doi Tung in northern Thailand was a very poor, struggling region in which many of the local people made their living by growing opium to sell to Burmese traders.Promchertchoo, Pichayada"From One Addiction to Another: Thailand's Ethnic Minorities Quit Opium for Coffee" Channel News Asia, 24 March 2018 Princess Srinagarindra took an interest in the region, and a development project was set up under which local residents were given land-use titles and encouraged to grow coffee and macadamia nuts.Chandran, Rina"A New High: Indigenous Thai Farmers Swap Opium for Coffee, Land"/ref> A chain of coffee shops using the Doi Tung name was opened to market Doi Tung coffee to Thais.Jitpleecheep, Pitsinee"Doi Tung Moving Forward With Coffee Export Expansion" Bangkok Post ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the extremity of Myanmar. Thailand also shares maritime borders with Vietnam to the southeast, and Indonesia and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the nation's capital and largest city. Tai peoples migrated from southwestern China to mainland Southeast Asia from the 11th century. Indianised kingdoms such as the Mon, Khmer Empire and Malay states ruled the region, competing with Thai states such as the Kingdoms of Ngoenyang, Sukhothai, Lan Na and Ayutthaya, which also rivalled each other. European contact began in 1511 with a Portuguese diplomatic mission to Ayutthaya, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coffea Arabica
''Coffea arabica'' (), also known as the Arabic coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is currently the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean ('' C. canephora'') makes up most of the remaining coffee production. Arabica coffee originates from and was first cultivated in Yemen, and documented by the 12th century. ''Coffea arabica'' is called () in Arabic, borrowed from the Amharic "Buna". Taxonomy ''Coffea arabica'' was first described scientifically by Antoine de Jussieu, who named it ''Jasminum arabicum'' after studying a specimen from the Botanic Gardens of Amsterdam. Linnaeus placed it in its own genus ''Coffea'' in 1737. ''Coffea arabica'' is the only polyploid species of the genus ''Coffea,'' as it carries 4 copies of the 11 chromosom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opium Replacement
Opium replacement or opium substitution refers to the process of substituting opium poppy cash crops with non-narcotic alternatives. Concept The concept of opium replacement was first developed within an agricultural framework, most notably in Thailand. Agricultural engineers sought to identify crops that would generate more income than the opium poppy. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, rural development projects caused the terms ''opium replacement'' and ''opium substitution'' to be superseded by ''integrated rural development''. In the 1990s, the term shifted to ''alternative development''. This term and its minor variants are still used in Latin America (where crop-replacement approaches are used for coca). The United Nations refers to these crop replacement projects as ''sustainable alternative livelihoods''; in Afghanistan, development agencies use the term ''sustainable livelihoods''. Worldwide Opium has been grown in Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doi Tung
Doi Tung (ดอยตุง) is a mountain in the Thai highlands of Mae Fa Luang District, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. Location While not the highest elevation of the province, the 1,389 m high Doi Tung rises steeply close to the Thailand-Myanmar border. It is the highest point of the Doi Nang Non, a subrange of the Daen Lao Range, in the area known as "Golden Triangle". Description Most of the bedrock of the mountain is limestone and granite. The vegetation below 1,000 m is mostly deciduous forest, and the vegetation above this height is evergreen. The population of Doi Tung is about 11,000 people, consisting of various tribes including Akha, Lahu, Tai Lue, and Lawa. Wat Phra That Doi Tung is on top of the hill. According to the chronicles, this Buddhist place of worship dates back to the year 911. It is an important pilgrimage spot for the devout. Economy Coffee plantations cover an area of 15 km2. There are 3.5 million coffee trees on Doi Tung. Almost half o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Channel News Asia
CNA (stylised as cna), which is an acronym derived from its previous name, Channel NewsAsia, is a Singaporean multinational news channel owned by the country's national public broadcaster Mediacorp. It broadcasts free-to-air domestically in Singapore and as a pay television channel internationally to 29 territories across the Asia-Pacific. The channel's logo is a stylised red letter A with folding patterns. The network has been positioned as an alternative to Western-based international media in its presentation of news from "an Asian perspective". It is run by Mediacorp News Pte Ltd, a subsidiary of the Singapore's media conglomerate Mediacorp Pte Ltd. Alongside its main focus as an English-language news television channel, CNA also broadcasts and produces news and current affairs content in Singapore's other official languages: Chinese, Malay and Tamil. Content is produced for Mediacorp's online platforms, with news bulletins made for and shown on the company's mass entert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Srinagarindra
Princess Srinagarindra ( th, ศรีนครินทรา; ; 21 October 1900 – 18 July 1995) née Sangwan Talapat ( th, สังวาลย์ ตะละภัฏ; ) was a member of the Royal Thai Family and the House of Mahidol, which is descended from the Chakri Dynasty and was originated by Prince Mahidol Adulyadej. She was the mother of Princess Galyani Vadhana, the Princess of Naradhiwas, King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII), and King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) and was the paternal grandmother of King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X). Her formal name and title was Somdet Phra Srinagarindra Boromarajajonani ( th, สมเด็จพระศรีนครินทราบรมราชชนนี). In Thailand, she was affectionately called Somdet Ya ( th, สมเด็จย่า), "the Royal Grandmother". By the various hill tribe people, to whom she was a special patron, she was called Mae Fah Luang ( th, แม่ฟ้าหลวง), "Royal Mother from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bangkok Post
The ''Bangkok Post'' is an English-language daily newspaper published in Bangkok, Thailand. It is published in broadsheet and digital formats. The first issue was sold on 1 August 1946. It had four pages and cost one baht, a considerable amount at the time when a baht was a paper note. It is Thailand's second oldest newspaper and the oldest still in publication. The daily circulation of the ''Bangkok Post'' is 110,000, 80 percent of which is distributed in Bangkok and the remainder nationwide. From July 2016 until mid-May 2018, the editor of the ''Bangkok Post'' was Umesh Pandey. On 14 May 2018, Umesh was "forced to step down" as editor after refusing to soften coverage critical of the ruling military junta. History The ''Bangkok Post'' was founded by Alexander MacDonald, a former OSS officer, and his Thai associate, Prasit Lulitanond. Thailand at the time was the only Southeast Asian country to have a Soviet Embassy. The U.S. embassy felt it needed an independent, but generall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Airlines
, also known as JAL (''Jaru'') or , is an international airline and Japan's flag carrier and largest airline as of 2021 and 2022, headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo. Its main hubs are Tokyo's Narita International Airport and Haneda Airport, as well as Osaka's Kansai International Airport and Itami Airport. JAL group companies include Japan Airlines, J-Air, Japan Air Commuter, Japan Transocean Air, and Ryukyu Air Commuter for domestic feeder services, and JAL Cargo for cargo and mail services. JAL group operations include scheduled and non-scheduled international and domestic passenger and cargo services to 220 destinations in 35 countries worldwide, including codeshares. The group has a fleet of 279 aircraft. In the fiscal year ended 31 March 2009, the airline group carried over 52 million passengers and over 1.1 million tons of cargo and mail. Japan Airlines, J-Air, JAL Express, and Japan Transocean Air are members of the Oneworld airline alliance network. JAL was establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Rai Times
{{disambiguation ...
Chiang may mean: * a Chinese surname (蔣), alternatively spelt Jiang ** Chiang Kai-shek, former leader of the Republic of China * Chi'ang, variant spelling of the ancient Qiang (historical people) (羌) * Chi'ang, variant spelling of the modern Qiang people (羌族) in Wenchuan * Chiang, variant spelling of jiang soy sauce * Chiang (place name), a term for "town" in Northern Thailand and surrounding areas See also * Chiang Dao (other) *Jiang (other) Jiang may refer to: * ''Jiang'' (rank), rank held by general officers in the military of China * Jiang (surname), several Chinese surnames **Jiang Zemin (1926–2022), as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party *Jiang River, an ancient ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geographical Indication
A geographical indication (GI) is a name or sign used on products which corresponds to a specific geographical location or origin (e.g., a town, region, or country). The use of a geographical indication, as an indication of the product's source, is intended as a certification that the product possesses certain qualities, is made according to traditional methods, or enjoys a good reputation due to its geographical origin. Article 22.1 of the TRIPS Agreement defines geographical indications as ''"...indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member f the World Trade Organization or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin."'' ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' ('Appellation of origin') is a sub-type of geographical indication where quality, method, and reputation of a product originate from a strictly defined area specified in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been described as a '' sui generis'' political entity (without precedent or comparison) combining the characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.8per cent of the world population in 2020, the EU generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around trillion in 2021, constituting approximately 18per cent of global nominal GDP. Additionally, all EU states but Bulgaria have a very high Human Development Index according to the United Nations Development Programme. Its cornerstone, the Customs Union, paved the way to establishing an internal single market based on standardised legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states have agreed to act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
