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Dheu
Dheu (Albanian language, Albanian indefinite form: Dhé), the Earth, is the object of a special cult, Besa (Albanian culture), important oaths, and curse formulas in Albanian paganism. The Mother Goddess, Earth Mother Goddess or Great Mother (Magna Mater) is simply referred to as ''Dhé'' or ''Dheu'' in Albanian, and traces of her worship have been preserved in Albanian tradition. The Albanian noun Toka "The Earth" is also used to refer to the living Earth. Zonja e Dheut (also aln, Zôja e Dheut) is used in Albanian to refer to the Earth Goddess. Name Attestation The Albanian theonyms ''Zonja e Dheut'' and ''Dheu'' are attested as early as 1635, in the ''Dictionarium latino-epiroticum'' ''[Latin-Albanian dictionary]'' by Frang Bardhi, as the Albanian rendering of the Roman religion, Roman Earth Goddess ''Tellus Mater, Tellus, Dea'' and ''Magna Mater, Mater Magna'', respectively. The Albanian word for earth – ''dhé'', in its Proto-Albanian language, Proto-Albanian form ''à ...
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Albanian Paganism
Albanian paganism comprises the Paganism, pagan Tradition, customs, beliefs, rituals, myths and legends of the Albanian people. The elements of Albanian mythology are of ancient Paleo-Balkanic religion, Paleo-Balkanic origin and almost all of them are pagan. Ancient paganism persisted among Albanians, and especially within the inaccessible and deep interior – where Albanian folklore evolved over the centuries in a relatively isolated Albanian tribes, tribal culture and society – it has continued to persist, or at most it was partially transformed by the Christian, Muslim and Marxist beliefs that were either to be introduced by choice or imposed by force.; ; ; . The Albanian traditional customary law (Kanun (Albania), Kanun) has held a sacred – although secular – longstanding, unwavering and unchallenged authority with a cross-religious effectiveness over the Albanians, which is attributed to an earlier pagan code common to all the Albanian tribes. Indeed, the Kanun contains ...
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