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Democratic People's Federation
Democratic People's Federation ( es, Federación Popular Democrática, FPD) was a Christian Democratic political organization created in 1975 by José María Gil-Robles, heir of the Christian Social Democracy of José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones. The federation was composed of the Democratic People's Federation, Basque Christian Democracy, Democratic Party of Andalusia, Castilla Democratic People's Party and the Western People's Association. It held its first and only Congress on 29 and 30 January 1977. It formed, along with Democratic Left of Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez, the Federation of Christian Democracy on March 27, 1977, which was part of the Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State. In the 1977 general elections, where it only obtained 1.18% of the votes, so soon after both were dissolved. Members The Democratic People's Federation was composed of the following parties: * Christian Democracy of Castile. * Basque Christian Democracy Basque Christian Democracy ( es, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María Gil-Robles Y Quiñones
José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones de León (Salamanca, 27 November 1898 – Madrid, 13 September 1980) was a Spanish politician, leader of the CEDA and a prominent figure in the period leading up to the Spanish Civil War. He served as Minister of War from May to December 1935. In the 1936 elections the CEDA was defeated, and support for Gil-Robles and his party evaporated. As Civil War approached, Gil-Robles was unwilling to struggle with Francisco Franco for power and in April 1937 he announced the dissolution of CEDA, and went into exile. Abroad, he negotiated with Spanish monarchists to try to arrive at a common strategy for taking power in Spain. In 1968 he was named a professor of the University of Oviedo and published his book ''No fue posible la paz ('Peace Was Not Possible')''. He was a member of the International Tribunal at the Hague. After the death of Franco and the end of his regime, Gil-Robles became one of the leaders of the "Spanish Christian Democracy" pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Democracy
Christian democracy (sometimes named Centrist democracy) is a political ideology that emerged in 19th-century Europe under the influence of Catholic social teaching and neo-Calvinism. It was conceived as a combination of modern democratic ideas and traditional Christian values, incorporating social justice and the social teachings espoused by the Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed, Pentecostal, and other denominational traditions of Christianity in various parts of the world. After World War II, Catholic and Protestant movements of neo-scholasticism and the Social Gospel shaped Christian democracy. On the traditional left-right political spectrum Christian Democracy has been difficult to pinpoint as Christian democrats rejected liberal economics and individualism and advocated state intervention, but simultaneously defended private property rights against excessive state intervention. This has meant that Christian Democracy has historically been considered centre left on eco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centre (politics)
Centrism is a political outlook or position involving acceptance or support of a balance of social equality and a degree of social hierarchy while opposing political changes that would result in a significant shift of society strongly to the left or the right. Both centre-left and centre-right politics involve a general association with centrism that is combined with leaning somewhat to their respective sides of the left–right political spectrum. Various political ideologies, such as Christian democracy, Pancasila, and certain forms of liberalism like social liberalism, can be classified as centrist, as can the Third Way, a modern political movement that attempts to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating for a synthesis of centre-right economic platforms with centre-left social policies. Usage by political parties by country Australia There have been centrists on both sides of politics who serve alongside the various factions within the Liberal and L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of Christian Democracy
Federation of Christian Democracy ( es, Federación de la Democracia Cristiana, FDC) was a Spanish political organization formed on April 14, 1977 by Democratic Left of Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez and Democratic People's Federation of José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones. It was led by Manuel Hidalgo, Juan Bermúdez de Castro, Francisco Soroeta and Cristóbal García. It formed a coalition with the Democratic Union of the Valencian Country called Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State (EDCEE) for the general elections of 1977. After the election failure (215,000 votes and a little more than 1% of the vote), on September 24, 1977 Democratic Left withdrew from the federation, and it merged with other political groups within the Christian Democracy in a founding congress on 4 and 5 February 1978. Members At the time of the 1977 elections, the Federation of Christian Democracy was composed of: * Democratic People's Federation ** Christian Democracy of Castile ** Basque Chris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María Gil-Robles
José María Gil-Robles y Gil-Delgado (17 June 1935 – 13 February 2023) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament in the European People's Party group, and was President of the European Parliament from 1997 to 1999. Early life José María Gil-Robles was born on 17 June 1935 in Madrid, during the Spanish Second Republic. He was the son of José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones, leader of the CEDA and a prominent figure in the period leading up to the Spanish Civil War, and Carmen Gil-Delgado Armada. Thus, he was grandson of Carlist theorist Enrique Gil Robles and brother of Álvaro Gil-Robles, who was the second Ombudsman of Spain between 1988 and 1993. Due to the Civil War, the family went into exile in Estoril, Portugal. Gil-Robles, in 1953, returned to Spain to study Law at the University of Deusto, from which he graduated with an Extraordinary Prize. In 1959 he became a lawyer in the Francoist Courts, a position he held during the Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Left (Spain)
The Democratic Left ( es, Izquierda Democrática, ID) was a Christian left political party in Spain. It was formed by people from the anti-Francoist opposition, like Gregorio Peces-Barba or Joaquín Ruíz-Giménez. The party had two main internal factions: the social democratic one and the Christian democratic one. History ID was officially constituted in April 1976 at El Escorial, under the leadership of Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez and José Maria Gil-Robles. Internal differences led to a split, mainly of the more moderate sector led by Fernando Álvarez de Miranda, shortly after the party was founded. The splitters founded Christian Democratic Left, that would later join the Union of the Democratic Centre. For the 1977 general election, the party was a member of the Federation of Christian Democracy, which was also included into the Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State. After the disappointing results in the Spanish general elections of 1977. ID didn't enter the Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez
Joaquín Ruiz-Giménez Cortés (Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid, 2 August 1913 - Madrid, 27 August 2009) was a Spanish politician and jurist. He was minister of Education under Franco (1951-1955) but he drifted apart from the Francoist State since 1956 and, adopting a Christian Democrat position, steadily started to promote a quiet transition to democracy, especially through '' Cuadernos para el Diálogo'' magazine. He was considered one of the most relevant figures of the moderate inner opposition to Francoism. Failing to play a relevant role during the 1977 democratic elections, he was later elected as the first Spanish Ombudsman. Biography Early life Ruiz-Giménez was son of Joaquín Ruiz Jiménez, Liberal politician who was minister twice under Alfonso XIII and mayor of Madrid. While student at the University of Madrid, he participated actively in the students' catholic organizations and in 1935 he was elected secretary-general of the National Catholic Students Confederation. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Democratic Team Of The Spanish State
Christian Democratic Team of the Spanish State (in Spanish: ''Equipo Demócrata Cristiano del Estado Español'', EDCEE) was a political alliance of the Democratic Union of Catalonia, the Federation of Christian Democracy (composed of Democratic Left of Ruiz Giménez and the Democratic People's Federation of Gil Robles, formed in January 1976) and other regional parties. EDCEE contested the 1977 general elections in Spain in alliance with Catalan centrist forces. The alliance got 215,841 votes (1.18% of the nationwide vote). History The team was formed in Taormina (Italy) during the XVII European Congress of Christian Democratic Parties, between 9 and 12 December 1965. The creation of the team was a requirement of the body which brought together the European Christian Democratic parties, which only contemplated a member per country. The initial members of the team were Democratic Left (ID), Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) and Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC). Shortly after th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish General Election, 1977
The 1977 Spanish general election was held on Wednesday, 15 June 1977, to elect the Spanish Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as all 207 seats in the Senate. It was the first free election held in Spain since 1936, prior to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. It was called by Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez as part of the political reform of the Francoist regime, ongoing since shortly after Francisco Franco's death in 1975 and promoted by his successor, King Juan Carlos I. Its aim was to elect a Constituent Cortes that was to draft a new constitution, which would ultimately lead to the repealing of the Fundamental Laws of the Realm and the culmination of the country's transition to democracy. The Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD), the electoral coalition created to serve as Suárez's political platform in government, emerged as the largest party overall, albeit 11 seats short of an absolute majority. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque Christian Democracy
Basque Christian Democracy ( es, Democracia Cristiana Vasca, DCV; eu, Euskal Kristau Demokrazia, EKD) was a Basque Country Christian-democratic party active during the Spanish transition to democracy - legalized in 1977. Although it was the only newly created regional right-wing party not to advocate Basque nationalism, it did not disagree with projects of regional autonomy. It ran in the Spanish 1977 election for the Constituent Cortes in all three electoral districts in the Basque Country-proper (Gipuzkoa, Vizcaya, and Álava), in contrast with the nationalist candidacies in Navarre (considered by Basque nationalists a part of the extended Basque national territory). It obtained poor results, was confirmed as the eighth party in the region (just under 25,000 votes - 2.58% of the total), and was not represented in the Cortes. Although still registered technically, the EKD is no longer active. Most of its members joined the Democratic Center Union, with the exception of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1975 Establishments In Spain
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman are found guilty of the Watergate cover-up. * January 2 ** The Federal Rules of Evidence are approved by the United States Congress. ** Bangladesh revolutionary leader Siraj Sikder is killed by police while in custody. ** A bomb blast at Samastipur, Bihar, India, fatally wounds Lalit Narayan Mishra, Minister of Railways. * January 5 – Tasman Bridge disaster: The Tasman Bridge in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, is struck by the bulk ore carrier , killing 12 people. * January 7 – OPEC agrees to raise crude oil prices by 10%. * January 10–February 9 – The flight of ''Soyuz 17'' with the crew of Georgy Grechko and Aleksei Gubarev aboard the ''Salyut 4'' space station. * January 15 – Alvor Agreement: Portugal an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1977 Disestablishments In Spain
Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). * January 17 ** 49 marines from the and are killed as a result of a collision in Barcelona harbour, Spain. * January 18 ** Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious Legionnaires' disease. ** Australia's worst railway disaster at Granville, a suburb of Sydney, leaves 83 people dead. ** SFR Yugoslavia Prime minister Džemal Bijedić, his wife and 6 others are killed in a plane crash in Bosnia and Herzegovina. * January 19 – An Ejército del Aire CASA C-207C Azor (registration T.7-15) plane crashes into the side of a mountain near Chiva, on approach to Valencia Airport in Spain, killing all 11 people on board. * January 20 – Jimmy Carter is sworn in as the 39th President of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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