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De Phenix, Marrum
De Phenix ( en, The Phoenix) is a smock mill in Marrum, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1917. The mill has been restored to working order and is used to train millers. It is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 15602. History The first mill on this site was built by millwright J T Kingma of Ternaard in 1845. It drained the Ferwerd polder. In August 1916, it was struck by lightning and burnt down. To replace it, the sawmill ''De Phenix'' was moved from Leeuwarden. At one time, the mill was fitted with Patent sails. Auxiliary power was originally by a portable engine, later replaced by a Petter Mc Larren diesel engine. On 4 May 1976, the mill was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole ( en, Frisian Mills Foundation). New sails were fitted in 1977 and a new Archimedes' screw was fitted in 1983. Since 1977, the mill has been used as a training mill where millers can learn their craft. Further restoration work was carried out in 1997. Description ''De Phenix'' is what the Dutch de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windpump
A windpump is a type of windmill which is used for pumping water. Windpumps were used to pump water since at least the 9th century in what is now Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. The use of wind pumps became widespread across the Muslim world and later spread to China and Indian subcontinent, India. Windmills were later used extensively in Europe, particularly in the Netherlands and the East Anglia area of Great Britain, from the late Middle Ages onwards, to drain land for agricultural or building purposes. Simon Stevin's work in the ''waterstaet'' involved improvements to the sluices and spillways to control flooding. Windmills were already in use to pump the water out, but in ''Van de Molens'' (''On mills''), he suggested improvements, including the idea that the wheels should move slowly, and a better system for meshing of the gear teeth. These improvements increased the efficiency of the windmills used to pump water out of the polders by three times. He received a patent on h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sawmill
A sawmill (saw mill, saw-mill) or lumber mill is a facility where logs are cut into lumber. Modern sawmills use a motorized saw to cut logs lengthwise to make long pieces, and crosswise to length depending on standard or custom sizes (dimensional lumber). The "portable" sawmill is of simple operation. The log lies flat on a steel bed, and the motorized saw cuts the log horizontally along the length of the bed, by the operator manually pushing the saw. The most basic kind of sawmill consists of a chainsaw and a customized jig ("Alaskan sawmill"), with similar horizontal operation. Before the invention of the sawmill, boards were made in various manual ways, either rived (split) and planed, hewn, or more often hand sawn by two men with a whipsaw, one above and another in a saw pit below. The earliest known mechanical mill is the Hierapolis sawmill, a Roman water-powered stone mill at Hierapolis, Asia Minor dating back to the 3rd century AD. Other water-powered mills followe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windpumps In The Netherlands
A windpump is a type of windmill which is used for pumping water. Windpumps were used to pump water since at least the 9th century in what is now Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. The use of wind pumps became widespread across the Muslim world and later spread to China and India. Windmills were later used extensively in Europe, particularly in the Netherlands and the East Anglia area of Great Britain, from the late Middle Ages onwards, to drain land for agricultural or building purposes. Simon Stevin's work in the ''waterstaet'' involved improvements to the sluices and spillways to control flooding. Windmills were already in use to pump the water out, but in ''Van de Molens'' (''On mills''), he suggested improvements, including the idea that the wheels should move slowly, and a better system for meshing of the gear teeth. These improvements increased the efficiency of the windmills used to pump water out of the polders by three times. He received a patent on his innovation in 1586 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smock Mills In The Netherlands , a shirt worn in Ghana
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Smock may refer to one of the following: * Smock-frock, a coatlike outer garment, often worn to protect the clothes * Smocking, an embroidery technique in which the fabric is gathered, then embroidered with decorative stitches to hold the gathers in place * Chemise, a woman's undergarment * A smock mill, a windmill with a wooden tower, resembling the garment in appearance * A Ghanaian smock A Ghanaian smock is a plaid shirt that is similar to the dashiki, worn by both women and men in Ghana. It is the most popular traditional attire in Ghana. The smock is called Bingmaa in Dagbani language, Bun-nwↃ or Bana by Mamprusis, fugu i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windmills Completed In 1917
A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called sails or blades, specifically to mill grain (gristmills), but the term is also extended to windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications, in some parts of the English speaking world. The term wind engine is sometimes used to describe such devices. Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today. Forerunners Wind-powered machines may have been known earlier, but there is no clear evidence of windmills before the 9th century. Hero of Alexandria (Heron) in first-century Roman Egypt described what appears to be a wind-driven wheel to power a machine.Dietrich Lohrmann, "Von der östlichen z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windmills In Friesland
A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called sails or blades, specifically to mill grain (gristmills), but the term is also extended to windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications, in some parts of the English speaking world. The term wind engine is sometimes used to describe such devices. Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today. Forerunners Wind-powered machines may have been known earlier, but there is no clear evidence of windmills before the 9th century. Hero of Alexandria (Heron) in first-century Roman Egypt described what appears to be a wind-driven wheel to power a machine.Dietrich Lohrmann, "Von der östlichen z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Holland
South Holland ( nl, Zuid-Holland ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.7 million as of October 2021 and a population density of about , making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of , of which is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland. History Early history Archaeological discoveries in Hardinxveld-Giessendam indicate that the area of South Holland has been inhabited since at least c. 7,500 years before present, probably by nomadic hunter-gatherers. Agriculture and perman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hague
The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam, The Hague has been described as the country's de facto capital. The Hague is also the capital of the province of South Holland, and the city hosts both the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam. The Hague is the core municipality of the Greater The Hague urban area, which comprises the city itself and its suburban municipalities, containing over 800,000 people, making it the third-largest urban area in the Netherlands, again after the urban areas of Amsterdam and Rotterdam. The Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area, with a population of approximately 2.6&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thatch
Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (''Cladium mariscus''), rushes, heather, or palm branches, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. Since the bulk of the vegetation stays dry and is densely packed—trapping air—thatching also functions as insulation. It is a very old roofing method and has been used in both tropical and temperate climates. Thatch is still employed by builders in developing countries, usually with low-cost local vegetation. By contrast, in some developed countries it is the choice of some affluent people who desire a rustic look for their home, would like a more ecologically friendly roof, or who have purchased an originally thatched abode. History Thatching methods have traditionally been passed down from generation to generation, and numerous descriptions of the materials and methods used in Europe over the past three centuries survive in archives and early public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichting De Fryske Mole
The Stichting De Fryske Mole ( en, Frisian Mills Foundation) is a foundation for the preservation of windmills in the Dutch province Friesland, owning 42 of the 124 windmills in Friesland and closely co-operating with the Gild Fryske Mounders with which it publishes a quarterly magazine, ''De Utskoat''. The ''Stichting De Fryske Mole'' was founded in December 1970 to preserve those mills that were otherwise difficult to save. Consequently, all of the foundation's mills are drainage mills often standing in remote locations where there are no other parties interested in or able to pay for restoration and maintenance. See also * Gild Fryske Mounders * De Hollandsche Molen Vereniging De Hollandsche Molen () ( en, Dutch Windmill Association) is a Dutch organization founded in 1923 to preserve windmills in the Netherlands, to document them, and to restore them. Financial support comes from members and from grants by o ... External links Website De Fryske Mole [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petters Limited
Petters Limited (known as JB Petter & Sons of Yeovil until 1910), were a maker of stationary petrol and diesel engines from 1896 onwards.Petter, Percival. ''The Story of Petters Limited'' (Westbury: David Edgington, 1989) In 1915 Petter founded Westland Aircraft Works (renamed "Westland Aircraft" in 1935). In 1986 Petters Limited merged with one-time rival R A Lister and Company to form Lister Petter. History Car James Bazeley Petter, an agricultural engineer and iron founder, had premises in the Borough, Yeovil.Lukins, A. H. ''The Book of Westland Aircraft'' (Leicester: Harborough, 1944), p. 5 It was there that Ernest and Percival, his twin sons, designed and built a self-propelled oil engine in 1892.http://www.southsomersetmuseums.gov.uk/monographs/monograph01.htm Three years later they designed the first internal combustion engined motor car to be made in the United Kingdom. The car, using a converted four-wheel horse-drawn phaeton and a 3 hp (2 kW) twin-cylinder h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portable Engine
A portable engine is an engine, either a steam engine or an internal combustion engine, that sits in one place while operating (providing power to machinery), but (unlike a stationary engine) is wikt:portable#Adjective, portable and thus can be easily moved from one work site to another. Mounted on wheels or skids, it is either towed to the work site or moves there via self-propulsion. Portable engines were in common use in industrialised countries from the early 19th through early 20th centuries, during an era when power transmission#Mechanical power, mechanical power transmission was widespread. Before that, most power generation and transmission were by working animal, animal, watermill, water, windmill, wind, or manual labour, human; after that, a combination of electrification (including rural electrification) and modern vehicles and equipment (such as tractors, trucks, automobile, cars, engine-generators, and machines with their engines built in) displaced most use of porta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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