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De Hoop, Stiens
De Hoop (English: ''The Hope'') is a smock mill in Stiens, Friesland, Netherlands which was rebuilt in 1993 after the earlier mill burned down. It is operational and manned by volunteers. History The first mill on this site was built in 1847 but stood only a few years before new owner Jan Pieters Duinkerk had it replaced by a larger mill which was finished in 1854 and operated by his son Pieter Jans Duinkerk. The new mill changed hands several times, the successive owners were Auke Jacobs Bakker, Dirk Jans van der Wal and Jan Johannes van der Leij. Van der Leij's son Johannes Jans inherited the mill and kept milling until the smock was demolished in 1922. The base was left standing and survived for over half a century as storage space. In 1976 the municipally Leeuwarderadeel bought the base and had the mill rebuilt by millwright Tacoma from Stiens. By 1979 the mill was back in full working order. A company "Molen De Hoop BV" was formed with local baker J. Bijlsma as the driving f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corn Mill
A gristmill (also: grist mill, corn mill, flour mill, feed mill or feedmill) grinds cereal grain into flour and middlings. The term can refer to either the grinding mechanism or the building that holds it. Grist is grain that has been separated from its chaff in preparation for grinding. History Early history The Greek geographer Strabo reports in his ''Geography'' a water-powered grain-mill to have existed near the palace of king Mithradates VI Eupator at Cabira, Asia Minor, before 71 BC. The early mills had horizontal paddle wheels, an arrangement which later became known as the " Norse wheel", as many were found in Scandinavia. The paddle wheel was attached to a shaft which was, in turn, attached to the centre of the millstone called the "runner stone". The turning force produced by the water on the paddles was transferred directly to the runner stone, causing it to grind against a stationary "bed", a stone of a similar size and shape. This simple arrangement required ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Zwaluw, Burdaard
De Zwaluw (English: '' The Swallow'') is a smock mill in Burdaard, Friesland, Netherlands which is working commercially. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 15585. (Click on "Technische gegevens" to view.) History The first mill on this site was a smock mill called ''De Windlust'' (English: ''The desire for wind'') which was built for Douwe Dirks Drukker of Burum in 1841. (Click on "History" to view.) This was a corn mill which stood west of the present mill. Drukker sold the mill on 25 April 1851 to Klaas Freerks Steenhuizen for ƒ6,000. ''De Windlust'' was burnt down on 15 September 1874.Click on Burdaard/ Birdaard, De Windlust (verdwenen) under Interne Verwijzing(en) ''De Zwaluw'' was built as a corn and pearl barley mill to replace it. The |
Agricultural Buildings In The Netherlands
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities. The history of agriculture began thousands of years ago. After gathering wild grains beginning at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs and cattle were domesticated over 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world. Industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture in the twentieth century came to dominate agricultural output, though about 2 billion people still depended on subsistence agriculture. The major agricultural products can be broadly grouped into foods, fibers, fuels, and raw materials (such as rubber). Food classes include cereals ( grains), vegetables, fruits, cooking oils, meat, mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grinding Mills In The Netherlands
Grind is the cross-sectional shape of a blade. Grind, grinds, or grinding may also refer to: Grinding action * Grinding (abrasive cutting), a method of crafting * Grinding (dance), suggestive club dancing * Grinding (video gaming), repetitive and uninteresting gameplay * Bruxism, grinding of the teeth * Grind (sport), a sliding stance usually performed in extreme sports such as aggressive skating and boardsports; Grinds (skateboarding) * Grind (whaling), pilot whale hunting in the Faroe Islands * Grinds, private tutoring, in Ireland * Mill (grinding) * Grinding, the operation of the winches on a yacht; the work done by a grinder (sailing position) Geography * Grind, a village in Lăpugiu de Jos Commune, Hunedoara County, Romania * Grind (Unirea), a tributary of the Unirea in Cluj and Alba Counties, Romania Film and TV * ''Grind'' (2003 film), about amateur skaters * ''The Grind'' (1915 film), a silent movie * ''Grind'' (1997 film), starring Billy Crudup and Adrienne Shell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smock Mills In The Netherlands , a shirt worn in Ghana
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Smock may refer to one of the following: * Smock-frock, a coatlike outer garment, often worn to protect the clothes * Smocking, an embroidery technique in which the fabric is gathered, then embroidered with decorative stitches to hold the gathers in place * Chemise, a woman's undergarment * A smock mill, a windmill with a wooden tower, resembling the garment in appearance * A Ghanaian smock A Ghanaian smock is a plaid shirt that is similar to the dashiki, worn by both women and men in Ghana. It is the most popular traditional attire in Ghana. The smock is called Bingmaa in Dagbani language, Bun-nwↃ or Bana by Mamprusis, fugu i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windmills In Friesland
A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called sails or blades, specifically to mill grain (gristmills), but the term is also extended to windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications, in some parts of the English speaking world. The term wind engine is sometimes used to describe such devices. Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today. Forerunners Wind-powered machines may have been known earlier, but there is no clear evidence of windmills before the 9th century. Hero of Alexandria (Heron) in first-century Roman Egypt described what appears to be a wind-driven wheel to power a machine.Dietrich Lohrmann, "Von der östlichen z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hardinxveld-Giessendam
Hardinxveld-Giessendam () is a municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. It is located about 10 km east of Dordrecht, on the river Beneden-Merwede. The municipality had a population of in and covers an area of of which is water. The municipality of Hardinxveld-Giessendam consists of the two population centres Giessendam/Neder-Hardinxveld and Boven-Hardinxveld. Until they were merged in 1957, Giessendam and Hardinxveld were two municipalities, consisting of only a few streets and dykes and only a few thousand inhabitants. The town's economy is for a large part dependent on ship building (e.g. Damen Shipyards Group) and general contracting. Several industry parks are present. History The village Hardinxveld is one of the oldest settlements of the Alblasserwaard. It is known that in 1105 a priest was present here, and therefore a church as well. Since 1282, Hardinxveld became a grand fiefdom. Through the centuries it suffered from warfare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thatch
Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (''Cladium mariscus''), rushes, heather, or palm branches, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. Since the bulk of the vegetation stays dry and is densely packed—trapping air—thatching also functions as insulation. It is a very old roofing method and has been used in both tropical and temperate climates. Thatch is still employed by builders in developing countries, usually with low-cost local vegetation. By contrast, in some developed countries it is the choice of some affluent people who desire a rustic look for their home, would like a more ecologically friendly roof, or who have purchased an originally thatched abode. History Thatching methods have traditionally been passed down from generation to generation, and numerous descriptions of the materials and methods used in Europe over the past three centuries survive in archives and early public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gild Fryske Mounders
The Gild Fryske Mounders ( eng, Frisian Millers Guild) is an association of volunteer millers operating windmills in the Dutch province Friesland Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of .... Its goal is to preserve and spread miller knowledge and skills to ensure the availability of enough millers who can responsibly operate all functional windmills in Frisia. For this purpose it offers a volunteer miller training program. Furthermore, it organises the ''Frisian mills day'', excursions and together with De Fryske Mole ( en, Frisian Mills Foundation) publishes a quarterly magazine ''De Utskoat'' . History The ''Gild Fryske Mounders'' (Frisian Guild) was founded in 1975 when it broke away from the Gilde van Vrijwillige Molenaars ( en, Volunteer Millers Guild), mostly out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Guilder
The guilder ( nl, gulden, ) or florin was the currency of the Netherlands from the 15th century until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro. The Dutch name ''gulden'' was a Middle Dutch adjective meaning "golden", and reflects the fact that, when first introduced in 1434, its value was about equal to (i.e., it was on par with) the Italian gold florin. The Dutch guilder was a ''de facto'' reserve currency in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. Between 1999 and 2002, the guilder was officially a "national subunit" of the euro. However, physical payments could only be made in guilders, as no euro coins or banknotes were available. The exact exchange rate, still relevant for old contracts and for exchange of the old currency for euros at the central bank, is 2.20371 Dutch guilders for 1 euro. Inverted, this gives 0.453780 euros for 1 guilder. Derived from the Dutch guilder are the Netherlands Antillean guilder (still in use in Curaçao and Sint Maarten) and the Surinamese gui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smock Mill
The smock mill is a type of windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally weatherboarded, thatched, or shingled tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind. This type of windmill got its name from its resemblance to smocks worn by farmers in an earlier period. Construction Smock mills differ from tower mills, which are usually cylindrical rather than hexagonal or octagonal, and built from brick or stone masonry instead of timber. The majority of smock mills are octagonal in plan, with a lesser number hexagonal in plan, such as Killick's Mill, Meopham. A very small number of smock mills were decagonal or dodecagonal in plan, an example of the latter being at Wicken, Cambridgeshire. Distribution Smock mills exist in Europe and particularly in England, where they were common, particularly in the county of Kent, where the tallest surviving smock mill in the United Kingdom, Union Mill, can be found a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leeuwarderadeel
Leeuwarderadeel (; fy, Ljouwerteradiel) is a former municipality in the northern Netherlands. Its capital was Stiens. History On 1 January 2018 it merged with the municipality of Leeuwarden. Population centres * Bartlehiem * Britsum * Cornjum * Finkum * Hijum * Jelsum * Oude Leije * Stiens Topography ''Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Leeuwarderadeel, June 2015.'' Bartlehiem The hamlet of Bartlehiem is partially in Leeuwarderadeel partially in Ferwerderadiel and partially in Tytsjerksteradiel Tytsjerksteradiel () is a municipality in the province of Friesland in the Netherlands. It is named after the town of Tytsjerk, whose name is derived from a person named Tiete. Tiete was a daughter of Tryn, after whom the region (Trynwâlden) is n .... References External links * Official website Leeuwarden Former municipalities of Friesland Municipalities of the Netherlands disestablished in 2018 {{Friesland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
