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DKA
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, Kussmaul breathing, deep gasping breathing, polyuria, increased urination, weakness, mental confusion, confusion and occasionally coma, loss of consciousness. A person's breath may develop a specific "fruity" smell. Onset of symptoms is usually rapid. People without a previous diagnosis of diabetes may develop DKA as the first obvious symptom. DKA happens most often in those with Diabetes mellitus type 1, type 1 diabetes but can also occur in those with other types of diabetes under certain circumstances. Triggers may include infection, not taking insulin correctly, stroke and certain medications such as corticosteroids, steroids. DKA results from a shortage of insulin; in response, the body switches to burning fatty acids, which produces acidic ketone bodies. DKA is typically diagnosed when testing finds high blood sugar, acidos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyperosmolar Nonketotic State
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is a complication of Diabetes, diabetes mellitus in which Hyperglycemia, high blood sugar results in high osmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. Symptoms include signs of dehydration, weakness, leg cramps, vision problems, and an altered level of consciousness. Onset is typically over days to weeks. Complications may include seizures, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, mesenteric artery occlusion, or rhabdomyolysis. The main risk factor is a history of diabetes mellitus type 2. Occasionally it may occur in those without a prior history of diabetes or those with diabetes mellitus type 1. Triggers include infections, stroke, Major trauma, trauma, certain medications, and myocardial infarction, heart attacks. Diagnosis is based on blood tests finding a blood sugar greater than 30 mmol/L (600 mg/dL), osmolarity greater than 320 mOsm/kg, and a pH above 7.3. Initial treatment generally consists of intravenous fluids to mana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
