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Dolbear's Law
Dolbear's law states the relationship between the air temperature and the rate at which crickets chirp. It was formulated by Amos Dolbear and published in 1897 in an article called "The Cricket as a Thermometer". Dolbear's observations on the relation between chirp rate and temperature were preceded by an 1881 report by Margarette W. Brooks,According to Frings and Frings, this is: Margarette W. Brooks, "Influence of temperature on the chirp of the cricket", ''Popular Science Monthly'' 20 (1881), p. 268; citing "W.G.B.", a writer whom Brooks does not further identify. although this paper went unnoticed until after Dolbear's publication. Dolbear did not specify the species of cricket which he observed, although subsequent researchers assumed it to be the snowy tree cricket, "''Oecanthus niveus''". However, the snowy tree cricket was misidentified as ''O. niveus'' in early reports and the correct scientific name for this species is '' Oecanthus fultoni''. The chirping of the more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temperature
Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses quantitatively the perceptions of hotness and coldness. Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Thermometers are calibrated in various temperature scales that historically have relied on various reference points and thermometric substances for definition. The most common scales are the Celsius scale with the unit symbol °C (formerly called ''centigrade''), the Fahrenheit scale (°F), and the Kelvin scale (K), the latter being used predominantly for scientific purposes. The kelvin is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI). Absolute zero, i.e., zero kelvin or −273.15 °C, is the lowest point in the thermodynamic temperature scale. Experimentally, it can be approached very closely but not actually reached, as recognized in the third law of thermodynamics. It would be impossible to extract energy as heat from a body at that temperature. Temperature is important in all fields of natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cricket (insect)
Crickets are orthopteran insects which are related to bush crickets, and, more distantly, to grasshoppers. In older literature, such as Imms,Imms AD, rev. Richards OW & Davies RG (1970) ''A General Textbook of Entomology'' 9th Ed. Methuen 886 pp. "crickets" were placed at the family level (''i.e.'' Gryllidae), but contemporary authorities including Otte now place them in the superfamily Grylloidea. The word has been used in combination to describe more distantly related taxa in the suborder Ensifera, such as king crickets and mole crickets. Crickets have mainly cylindrically-shaped bodies, round heads, and long antennae. Behind the head is a smooth, robust pronotum. The abdomen ends in a pair of long cerci; females have a long, cylindrical ovipositor. Diagnostic features include legs with 3-segmented tarsi; as with many Orthoptera, the hind legs have enlarged femora, providing power for jumping. The front wings are adapted as tough, leathery elytra, and some crickets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amos Dolbear
Amos Emerson Dolbear (November 10, 1837 – February 23, 1910) was an American physicist and inventor. Dolbear researched electrical spark conversion into sound waves and electrical impulses. He was a professor at University of Kentucky in Lexington from 1868 until 1874. In 1874 he became the chair of the physics department at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts. He is known for his 1882 invention of a system for transmitting telegraph signals without wires. In 1899 his patent for it was purchased in an unsuccessful attempt to interfere with Guglielmo Marconi's wireless telegraphy patents in the United States. Biography Amos Dolbear was born in Norwich, Connecticut on November 10, 1837. He was a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University, in Delaware, Ohio. While a student there, he had made a "talking telegraph" and invented a receiver containing two features of the modern telephone: a permanent magnet and a metallic diaphragm that he made from a tintype. He invented the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oecanthus Fultoni
''Oecanthus fultoni'', also known as the snowy tree cricket, or thermometer cricket, is a species of tree cricket from North America. It feeds on leaves but also damages fruit. The chirp of this species is often dubbed onto sound tracks of films and television shows to depict a quiet summer's night. The rate of chirp varies depending on the heat of the environment, allowing a listener to estimate the temperature. Etymology ''Oecanthus fultonis common name of the thermometer cricket is derived from a relationship between the rate of its chirps and the temperature. An estimate of the temperature in Fahrenheit can be made by adding 40 to the number of chirps made in 15 seconds. Before 1960, the name '' Oecanthus niveus'' was wrongly applied to this species. ''Oecanthus fultoni'' was named in honor of Bentley Ball Fulton (1880–1960), an American entomologist who laid the principal groundwork on North American cricket classification. Description The species is long and is li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gryllinae
Gryllinae, or field crickets, are a subfamily of insects in the order Orthoptera and the family Gryllidae. They hatch in spring, and the young crickets (called nymphs) eat and grow rapidly. They shed their skin (molt) eight or more times before they become adults. Field crickets eat a broad range of food: seeds, plants, or insects (dead or alive). They are known to feed on grasshopper eggs, pupae of Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) and Diptera (flies). Occasionally they may rob spiders of their prey. Field crickets also eat grass. In the British Isles "field cricket" refers specifically to ''Gryllus campestris'', but the common name may also be used for '' G. assimilis'', '' G. bimaculatus'', '' G. firmus'', '' G. pennsylvanicus'', '' G. rubens'', and '' G. texensis'', along with other members of various genera including ''Acheta'', '' Gryllodes'', ''Gryllus'', and ''Teleogryllus''. ''Acheta domesticus'', the House cricket, and ''Gryllus bimaculatus'' are raised in captivity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematical Model
A mathematical model is a description of a system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in the natural sciences (such as physics, biology, earth science, chemistry) and engineering disciplines (such as computer science, electrical engineering), as well as in non-physical systems such as the social sciences (such as economics, psychology, sociology, political science). The use of mathematical models to solve problems in business or military operations is a large part of the field of operations research. Mathematical models are also used in music, linguistics, and philosophy (for example, intensively in analytic philosophy). A model may help to explain a system and to study the effects of different components, and to make predictions about behavior. Elements of a mathematical model Mathematical models can take many forms, including dynamical systems, statisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Jiminy Conjecture
"The Jiminy Conjecture" is the second episode of the third season of the American television sitcom ''The Big Bang Theory''. It first aired on CBS in the United States on September 28, 2009. It is the 42nd episode overall. The episode features a guest appearance by American comedian Lewis Black. Plot Sheldon, Raj and Howard are at the comic book store and are surprised to see Leonard arrive, expecting him to be having sex with Penny. After Howard and Raj question Leonard, he characterizes their sex as "just fine" and "not bad, but not great". Later, Howard and Raj mock him about it, which causes Sheldon to explain to Penny what Leonard said. She leaves in embarrassment, with Leonard following her. He tries to justify his actions and asks her how she found the sex. When she characterizes it as "okay", they decide that discussing the problem will not make it better and decide to get very drunk before having sex. Unfortunately, they both end up constantly vomiting. Meanwhile, Howar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of The Big Bang Theory Episodes
''The Big Bang Theory'' is an American comedy television series created and executively produced by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady for CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainm .... Like the name of the series itself (with the exception of the first episode "Pilot"), episode titles of ''The Big Bang Theory'' always start with "The" and resemble the name of a scientific principle, theory or experiment, whimsically referencing a plot point or quirk in that episode. There is also an earlier pilot, that differs greatly from the series, that never aired on CBS. Series overview Episodes Season 1 (2007–08) Season 2 (2008–09) Season 3 (2009–10) Season 4 (2010–11) Season 5 (2011–12) Season 6 (2012–13) Season 7 (2013–14) Season 8 (20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highs And Lows (QI Episode)
'' QI'' (short for ''Quite Interesting'') is a BBC comedy panel game television show that began in 2003. It was created by John Lloyd, and was hosted by Stephen Fry until the end of Series 13 after which Sandi Toksvig took over, and features permanent panellist Alan Davies. Each series covers topics that begin with a different letter of the alphabet; for example, the first series covered topics whose word began with "A". Thus it is referred to as "Series A" instead of "Series One". ''QI'' was given a full series after BBC executives responded well to a nonbroadcast pilot and the first episode, "Adam" premiered on BBC Two on 11 September 2003. From the second to the fifth series, episodes aired each week on BBC Two; the second and subsequent episodes were shown first on BBC Four in the time-slot after the previous episode's BBC Two broadcast. When the sixth series of ''QI'' began in 2008, the show moved to BBC One and the broadcasting of episodes on BBC Four was replaced in fav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jungles (QI Episode)
'' QI'' (short for ''Quite Interesting'') is a BBC comedy panel game television show that began in 2003. It was created by John Lloyd, and was hosted by Stephen Fry until the end of Series 13 after which Sandi Toksvig took over, and features permanent panellist Alan Davies. Each series covers topics that begin with a different letter of the alphabet; for example, the first series covered topics whose word began with "A". Thus it is referred to as "Series A" instead of "Series One". ''QI'' was given a full series after BBC executives responded well to a nonbroadcast pilot and the first episode, "Adam" premiered on BBC Two on 11 September 2003. From the second to the fifth series, episodes aired each week on BBC Two; the second and subsequent episodes were shown first on BBC Four in the time-slot after the previous episode's BBC Two broadcast. When the sixth series of ''QI'' began in 2008, the show moved to BBC One and the broadcasting of episodes on BBC Four was replaced in fav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Powers
Richard Powers (born June 18, 1957) is an American novelist whose works explore the effects of modern science and technology. His novel ''The Echo Maker'' won the 2006 National Book Award for Fiction."National Book Awards – 2006" . Retrieved 2012-03-27. (With linked information including essay by from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.) He has also won many other awards over the course of his career, including a MacArthur Fellowship. As of 2021, Powers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
