|
Dingbo Of Han
Han Jian (Chinese: 韩简; pinyin: Hán Dìng Bó), ancestral name Jì (姬), clan name Hán (韩), personal name Jiǎn (简), and posthumous name Dìng (定), was the third head of the House of Han. He was the son of Qiubo of Han.司马贞·史记索隐 “万生赇伯，赇伯生定伯简，简生舆，舆生献子厥” In 645 BC, Duke Mu of Qin invaded Jin at Han Jian's fief. Duke Hui of Jin asked Han Jian to scout the enemy. Han Jian reported that while the enemy had fewer men, their battle strength exceeds that of Jin. Duke Hui did not heed Han Jian's words and sent him to deliver the intent to battle. In the ensuing battle, Duke Hui and Han Jian were both captured and taken to Qin.左传·僖公十五年 Han Jian was succeeded by his son Ziyu of Han Ziyu (Chinese: 子舆; pinyin: Hán Zǐyú), ancestral name Jì (姬), clan name Hán (韩), personal name Yú (舆), and posthumously known as Ziyu of Han, was the fourth head of the House of Han. He was the son of Dingbo of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Language
Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world's population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language. Chinese languages form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages family. The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. However, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered separate languages in a family. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is ongoing. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shangh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese form, to learners already familiar with the Latin alphabet. The system includes four diacritics denoting tones, but pinyin without tone marks is used to spell Chinese names and words in languages written in the Latin script, and is also used in certain computer input methods to enter Chinese characters. The word ' () literally means "Han language" (i.e. Chinese language), while ' () means "spelled sounds". The pinyin system was developed in the 1950s by a group of Chinese linguists including Zhou Youguang and was based on earlier forms of romanizations of Chinese. It was published by the Chinese Government in 1958 and revised several times. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) adopted pinyin as an international standard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Han
Han (, Old Chinese: ''*'') was an ancient Chinese state during the Warring States period of ancient China. It is conventionally romanized by scholars as Hann to distinguish it from the later Han dynasty (). It was located in central China (modern-day Shanxi and Henan) in a region south and east of Luoyang, the capital of the Eastern Zhou. It was ruled by a royal family who were former ministers in the state of Jin that had slowly gained power from the Jin royal family until they were able to divide Jin into the three new states of Han, Wei and Zhao with the assistance of two other ministerial families. The state of Han was small and located in a mountainous and unprofitable region. Its territory directly blocked the passage of the state of Qin into the North China Plain.. Although Han had attempted to reform its governance (notably under Chancellor and " Legalist" Shen Buhai who improved state administration and strengthened its military ability) these reforms were not e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qiubo Of Han
Qiubo of Han (Chinese: 韓賕伯; pinyin: Hán Qiú Bó), ancestral name Jī (姬), clan name Hán (韓), personal name unknown, and posthumously known as Qiubo of Han, was the second head of the House of Han. He was the son of Wuzi of Han. Qiubo was succeeded by his son Dingbo of Han Han Jian (Chinese: 韩简; pinyin: Hán Dìng Bó), ancestral name Jì (姬), clan name Hán (韩), personal name Jiǎn (简), and posthumous name Dìng (定), was the third head of the House of Han. He was the son of Qiubo of Han.司马贞·史 ....司马贞·史记索隐 “万生賕伯，赇伯生定伯简，简生舆，舆生献子厥” Ancestors References {{DEFAULTSORT:Qiu Zhou dynasty nobility Monarchs of Han (state) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Mu Of Qin
Duke Mu of Qin (died 621BC), born Renhao, was a duke of Qin (659–621BC) in the western reaches of the Zhou Kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history. Sometimes considered one of China's Five Hegemons, he greatly expanded the territory of Qin during the reign of King Xiang. He was also known for his many talented advisors, such as Baili Xi, Jian Shu (蹇叔), Pi Bao (丕豹), and Gong Sun (公孫). Names Renhao is a Chinese name: Ying is the surname and Renhao is the given name. During his time in power, he would have simply been called Qin or the Duke of Qin (''Qingong''). The title ''Qin Mugong''—the "Solemn Duke of Qin"—is a posthumous name bestowed by his successors as part of Chinese ancestral veneration. Despite this being a descriptive title, it is common in English to treat it as though it were a common name. All of these are the modern Mandarin pronunciations of the characters in his names; their reconstructed Old Chinese pronunciations are d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jin (Chinese State)
Jin (, Old Chinese: ''*''), originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi. Although it grew in power during the Spring and Autumn period, its aristocratic structure saw it break apart when the duke lost power to his nobles. In 403BC, Jin was split into three successor states: Han, Zhao and Wei. The Partition of Jin marks the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of the Warring States period. Geography Jin was located in the lower Fen River drainage basin on the Shanxi plateau. To the north were the Xirong and Beidi peoples. To the west were the Lüliang Mountains and then the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi. To the southwest the Fen River turns west to join the south-flowing part of the Yellow River which soon leads to the Guanzhong, an area of the Wei River Valley that wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Hui Of Jin
Duke Hui of Jin (died 637BC), born Yiwu, was the duke of Jin (.650–637BC) during the Spring and Autumn Period of China's Zhou dynasty. Life Early life Yiwu was one of the nine sons of Duke Xian. His mother was Xiao Rongzi. He was the younger sibling of Shensheng and Chong'er (later Duke Wen) and the older sibling of Xiqi. As part of her scheme to secure the succession to her son, the concubine Li Ji removed Xiqi's older siblings from the capital on the pretext of pacifying their territories. Prince Yiwu was sent to defend Erqu in what is now Ji County, Shanxi. After the death of Duke Xian in the ninth lunar month during 651BC, Li Ji placed the 15-year-old Xiqi on the throne and made Xun Xi chancellor to help him with administration. In the tenth lunar month of 651BC, before Duke Xian had even been properly buried, a Jin minister named Li Ke killed Xiqi. The chancellor Xun Xi then placed Zhuozi, the youngest son of Duke Xian, on the throne even though he was still ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qin (state)
Qin () was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty. Traditionally dated to 897 BC, it took its origin in a reconquest of western lands previously lost to the Rong; its position at the western edge of Chinese civilization permitted expansion and development that was unavailable to its rivals in the North China Plain. Following extensive "Legalist" reform in the fourth century BC, Qin emerged as one of the dominant powers of the Seven Warring States and unified the seven states of China in 221 BC under Qin Shi Huang. It established the Qin dynasty, which was short-lived but greatly influenced later Chinese history. History Founding According to the 2nd century BC historical text ''Records of the Grand Historian'' by Sima Qian, the Qin state traced its origin to Zhuanxu, one of the legendary Five Emperors in ancient times. One of his descendants, Boyi, was granted the family name of Yíng by Emperor Shun. During the Xia and Shang dynasties, the Yíng clan split ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ziyu Of Han
Ziyu (Chinese: 子舆; pinyin: Hán Zǐyú), ancestral name Jì (姬), clan name Hán (韩), personal name Yú (舆), and posthumously known as Ziyu of Han, was the fourth head of the House of Han. He was the son of Dingbo of Han. Ziyu was succeeded by his son Xianzi of Han Han Jue (; died after 566 BC), posthumously known as Han Xianzi (), was the fifth head of the House of Han and a Jin politician and general. He was the son of Ziyu of Han.司马贞·史记索隐 “万生赇伯，赇伯生定伯简，简生舆， ....司马贞·史记索隐 “万生赇伯，赇伯生定伯简，简生舆，舆生献子厥” Ancestors References {{DEFAULTSORT:Yu Zhou dynasty nobility Monarchs of Han (state) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuzi Of Han (Spring And Autumn)
Han Wan (韓萬), also known as Wuzi of Han (Chinese: 韓武子; pinyin: Hán Wǔzǐ), ancestral name Jì (姬), clan name Hán (韓), personal name Wàn (萬), and posthumously known as Wuzi of Han, was the head of the House of Han. He was the son of Huan Shu of Quwo, half-brother of Zhuang Bo of Quwo, and the progenitor of Warring States period's State of Han. Han Wan was a charioteer for his nephew Duke Wu of Quwo and helped to kill Marquess Ai of Jin. Duke Wu of Quwo then took over the throne of Jin as Duke Wu of Jin, who then bestowed Han Wan the land of Han. Han Wan's descendants later adopted Han as the clan name. Han Wan's descendants became high-ranking officials in Jin. The family became very powerful and eventually led to the Partition of Jin. Ancestors References *Shiji Chapter 45 *Zizhi Tongjian ''Zizhi Tongjian'' () is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084 AD during the Northern Song dynasty in the form of a chro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huan Shu Of Quwo
Huan Shu of Quwo (, 802–731 BC), ancestral name Ji (姬), given name Chengshi (成師), was the first ruler of the state of Quwo during the Spring and Autumn period. He was the son of Marquis Mu of Jin and uncle of Marquis Zhao of Jin. In 745 BC, the first year of the reign of Marquis Zhao of Jin, Marquis Zhao enfeoffed Chengshi at Quwo (around modern Quwo County, Shanxi). He was then known as Huan Shu of Quwo. He was then 58 years old. He was said to be a benevolent ruler beloved by the people of Quwo. In 739 BC, the seventh year of his reign, a Jin official named Panfu (潘父) murdered Marquis Zhao and invited Huan Shu to ascend the throne of Jin. He accepted Panfu's welcome and attempted to enter Jin, but he was defeated by the Jin troops and retreated to Quwo. Then, the Jin people asked the son of Marquis Zhao of Jin, Ping, to ascend the throne and he became the next marquis: Marquis Xiao of Jin. In 731 BC, Huan Shu died and his son, Shan, ascended the throne as the ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marquis Mu Of Jin
Marquis Mu of Jin (), ancestral name Ji (姬), given name Feiwang (費王) or Fusheng (弗生), was the ninth ruler of the state of Jin during the Western Zhou Dynasty. After his father, Marquis Xian of Jin died in 812 BC, he ascended the throne of Jin. In 808 BC, the fourth year of his reign, he married a woman from the royal family of Qi to be one of his concubines. In 805 BC, the seventh year of his reign, he battled with a tribe called Tiao (條). During this time, his eldest son, Chou, was born. In 802 BC, after being victorious in the battle with a tribe called Qianmu (千畝), his other son, Chengshi, was born. Marquis Mu reigned for 27 years. When he died in 785 BC his younger brother Shang Shu The ''Book of Documents'' (''Shūjīng'', earlier ''Shu King'') or ''Classic of History'', also known as the ''Shangshu'' (“Venerated Documents”), is one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature. It is a collection of rhetorica ... usurped the throne. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
