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Democratic Party Of Abkhazia
The Democratic Party of Abkhazia was Abkhazia's first modern political party, existing around the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Historian Guram Gumba, writer Daur Zantaria and Russian poet Aleksandr Bardodym received the idea of creating the party when the latter visited Abkhazia in 1990. The founding congress was held on 19 January 1991 in the Abkhaz Drama Theatre in Sukhumi, and led by Zantaria, Gumba was elected the party's first (and last) Chairman. Among its other founding members were Natella Akaba, Georgi Gulia, Tamara Shakryl and Boris Kekhir-ipa. Another name suggested for the party was Democratic Union of Abkhazia. Many of the party's leaders became active in Aidgylara The National Forum Aidgylara ( ab, Аидгылара, ''Unity'') is a socio-political movement in Abkhazia. It was founded during Perestroika as the ethno-nationalist movement representing the Abkhaz people. Aidgylara's founding congress took p ... and the Abkhazian government, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guram Gumba
Guram Gumba (born 22 July 1956) is a historian and politician from Abkhazia. At its founding congress On 19 January 1991, he became the first (and last) Chairman of the Democratic Party of Abkhazia, Abkhazia's first post-Soviet political party. Gumba had received the idea to found the party along with writer Daur Zantaria and Russian poet Aleksandr Bardodym during a visit by the latter in 1990. The party was not revived following the 1992–1993 war with Georgia. In 2007, Gumba was elected to the 4th convocation of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia The 4th convocation of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia was in place from 2007 until 2012. Speaker and Vice Speakers The first session of the 4th convocation of the People's Assembly was held on 3 April 2007. It was opened by the oldest deputy, ... in constituency no. 14 (Duripsh), defeating Dmitri Ardzinba in the run-off with 1200 to 1126 votes. In Parliament, he was elected Chairman of the Committee for Inter-Parliamentary and Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abkhazia
Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which views the region as an autonomous republic.Olga Oliker, Thomas S. Szayna. Faultlines of Conflict in Central Asia and the South Caucasus: Implications for the U.S. Army. Rand Corporation, 2003, .Emmanuel Karagiannis. Energy and Security in the Caucasus. Routledge, 2002. .''The Guardian''Georgia up in arms over Olympic cash/ref> It lies on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, south of the Greater Caucasus mountains in northwestern Georgia. It covers and has a population of around 245,000. Its capital and largest city is Sukhumi. The status of Abkhazia is a central issue of the Georgian–Abkhazian conflict and Georgia–Russia relations. The polity is recognised as a state by Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Nauru, and Syria. While Georgia la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Party
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology, ideological or policy goals. Political parties have become a major part of the politics of almost every country, as modern party organizations developed and spread around the world over the last few centuries. It is extremely rare for a country to have Non-partisan democracy, no political parties. Some countries have Single-party state, only one political party while others have Multi-party system, several. Parties are important in the politics of autocracies as well as democracies, though usually democracies have more political parties than autocracies. Autocracies often have a single party that governs the country, and some political scientists consider competition between two or more parties to be an essential part of democracy. Part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissolution Of The Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union, also negatively connoted as rus, Разва́л Сове́тского Сою́за, r=Razvál Sovétskogo Soyúza, ''Ruining of the Soviet Union''. was the process of internal disintegration within the Soviet Union (USSR) which resulted in the end of the country's and its federal government's existence as a sovereign state, thereby resulting in its constituent republics gaining full sovereignty on 26 December 1991. It brought an end to General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's (later also President) effort to reform the Soviet political and economic system in an attempt to stop a period of political stalemate and economic backslide. The Soviet Union had experienced internal stagnation and ethnic separatism. Although highly centralized until its final years, the country was made up of fifteen top-level republics that served as homelands for different ethnicities. By late 1991, amid a catastrophic political crisis, with several republics alre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daur Zantaria
Daur Zantaria ( ab, Даур Занҭариа) (25 May 1953 – 7 August 2001) was a writer and journalist from Abkhazia, publishing both in Abkhaz and Russian languages. Early life and education Zantaria was born on 25 May 1953 in the village of Tamysh, Ochamchira District. He graduated with a gold medal from Tamysh high school in 1971 and with honours from the philological faculty of the Sukhum State Pedagogical Institute in 1975. Literary career Zantaria published his first short story ''Kuasta'' in the magazine '' Alashara'' in 1976. In the following years, his short stories and poems appeared in ''Alashara'', the children's magazine '' Amtsabz'', the newspaper '' Apsny Kapsh'' and the almanac '' Literary Abkhazia''. In 1984, Zantaria entered the Union of Soviet Writers. That same year, he participated in a workshop for script writers in Moscow by Valentin Yezhov and wrote the script for the film ''Souvenir'', released in 1985. On 19 January 1991, Zantaria presided over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukhumi
Sukhumi (russian: Суху́м(и), ) or Sokhumi ( ka, სოხუმი, ), also known by its Abkhaz name Aqwa ( ab, Аҟәа, ''Aqwa''), is a city in a wide bay on the Black Sea's eastern coast. It is both the capital and largest city of the Republic of Abkhazia, which has controlled it since the Abkhazia war in 1992–93. However, internationally Abkhazia is considered part of Georgia. The city, which has an airport, is a port, major rail junction and a holiday resort because of its beaches, sanatoriums, mineral-water spas and semitropical climate. It is also a member of the International Black Sea Club. Sukhumi's history can be traced to the 6th century BC, when it was settled by Greeks, who named it Dioscurias. During this time and the subsequent Roman period, much of the city disappeared under the Black Sea. The city was named Tskhumi when it became part of the Kingdom of Abkhazia and then the Kingdom of Georgia. Contested by local princes, it became part of the Otto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natella Akaba
Natella Nurievna Akaba ( ab, Нателла Нури-иҧҳа Акаба; russian: Нателла Нуриевна Акаба; born 14 March 1945) is a historian, politician and civil society leader from Abkhazia. Early life and career in academia Akaba was born on 14 March 1945 in Moscow. In 1955, her family moved back to Sukhumi. In 1962, Akaba graduated from high school no. 10 (Nestor Lakoba) in Sukhumi. From 1962 to 1967, she studied ethnography at the History faculty of the Moscow State University. In the following years, she was a literary assistant at the newspaper Soviet Abkhazia. In 1976, Akaba graduated from the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow. She subsequently moved to Yerevan where in 1979 she started teaching history at the Yerevan State University and the Yerevan Politechnic Institute. In 1981, Akaba defended her thesis entitled "The Colonial Policy of English Imperialism in Qatar" at the Institute of Oriental Studies. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamara Shakryl
Tamara Shakryl (russian: Тамара Шакрыл; 1925 or 1926 – 12 November 2004) was a linguist, academic and human rights activist from Abkhazia. Shakryl was a senior associate at the Institute for the Study of the Humanities at the Abkhazian Academy of Sciences. She was a strong supporter of Abkhaz independence, and had been sharply critical of major powers and international organizations for demanding that Abkhazia remain a province of Georgia. in January 1991, Skakryl became a founding member of the Democratic Party of Abkhazia, Abkhazia's first, but short-lived, post-Soviet political party. Death Shakryl was a prominent supporter of presidential candidate Raul Khadjimba. On 12 November 2004, she was among the supporters of Khadjimba who tried to resist the crowd of Khadjimba's rival candidate Sergei Bagapsh's supporters who stormed the parliament building as a drawn-out crisis over rigged elections neared its end. Reports of her death vary: some have claimed that gua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echo Of The Caucasus
In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound. The delay is directly proportional to the distance of the reflecting surface from the source and the listener. Typical examples are the echo produced by the bottom of a well, by a building, or by the walls of an enclosed room and an empty room. A true echo is a single reflection of the sound source. The word ''echo'' derives from the Greek ἠχώ (''ēchō''), itself from ἦχος (''ēchos''), "sound". Echo in the Greek folk story is a mountain nymph whose ability to speak was cursed, leaving her able only to repeat the last words spoken to her. Some animals use echo for location sensing and navigation, such as cetaceans (dolphins and whales) and bats in a process known as echolocation. Echoes are also the basis of Sonar technology. Acoustic phenomenon Acoustic waves are reflected by walls or other hard surfaces, such as mountains and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aidgylara
The National Forum Aidgylara ( ab, Аидгылара, ''Unity'') is a socio-political movement in Abkhazia. It was founded during Perestroika as the ethno-nationalist movement representing the Abkhaz people. Aidgylara's founding congress took place on 13 December 1988 in the building of the Abkhazian State Philharmonic Orchestra, where the writer Alexey Gogua was elected its first Chairman. On 18 March 1989, Aidgylara organised the mass gathering at the historical meeting place of Lykhny that demanded from the Soviet leadership the reversal of Abkhazia's 1931 Stalin-era incorporation into Georgia and restoration of full Republic status. In 1989, Aidgylara also started publishing two newspapers, the eponymous Aidgylara and Edineniye, as well as the regional publication Bzyb in Gudauta District. On Aidgylara's initiative, the founding congress of the Assembly of the Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus was held in Sukhumi on 25 and 26 August 1989. Aidgylara's second congress wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War In Abkhazia (1992–1993)
The War in Abkhazia was fought between Georgian government forces for the most part and Abkhaz separatist forces, Russian government armed forces and North Caucasian militants between 1992 and 1993. Ethnic Georgians who lived in Abkhazia fought largely on the side of Georgian government forces. Ethnic Armenians and Russians within Abkhazia's population largely supported the AbkhaziansAbkhazia Today. ''The International Crisis Group Europe Report N°176, 15 September 2006, page 5''. Retrieved on 30 May 2007. ''Free registration needed to view full report'' and many fought on their side. The separatists received support from thousands of North Caucasus and [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Parties In Abkhazia
This article lists political parties and socio-political movements in the partially recognised Republic of Abkhazia. Abkhazia has a multi-party system. Political parties tend to not have stable ideological platforms, and as such, party actions and support tend to depend on the attitudes/beliefs of the party leader. The current coalition is formed by United Abkhazia, Amtsakhara and Aitaira. Political parties There are ten political parties in Abkhazia, two of which are represented in the People's Assembly. Movements Furthermore, there is a number of socio-political movements: *Aidgylara *Aiaaira *Akhatsa *Movement of the Mothers of Abkhazia for Peace and Social Justice * Russian Citizens Union *Union of the Defenders of Abkhazia External links of other partiesCoalition for a Democratic Abkhazia See also * List of political parties in Georgia * List of political parties in South Ossetia * Lists of political parties {{List of political parties in Europe Abkhazia Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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