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Cárcel Modelo Massacre
The Cárcel Modelo massacre was the execution of roughly 30 politicians and soldiers by anarchist militiamen who occupied a Madrid Prison on 22 August 1936. This massacre preceded the Spanish Civil War. After defeating the 1936 military coup attempt, the Spanish government imprisoned some of the uprising's suspected political and military supporters at the Modelo Prison in Madrid. After rumors that the prisoners were escaping, an angry crowd formed outside the prison's gates demanding the execution of the "fascists". A group of anarchist militiamen took control of the prison and executed the prisoners later that night. The reigning republican government saw its reputation falter from its inability to quell the crowd and protect the prisoners. The incident sparked protests from the diplomatic corps in Madrid. Historical context Political unrest ''see also'': Spanish Coup of July 1936 Since April 1931, The Second Spanish Republic governed Spain. However, following the electio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchism In Spain
Anarchism in Spain has historically gained some support and influence, especially before Francisco Franco's victory in the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939, when it played an active political role and is considered the end of the golden age of classical anarchism. There were several variants of anarchism in Spain, namely expropriative anarchism in the period leading up to the conflict, the peasant anarchism in the countryside of Andalusia; urban anarcho-syndicalism in Catalonia, particularly its capital Barcelona; and what is sometimes called "pure" anarchism in other cities such as Zaragoza. However, these were complementary trajectories and had many ideological similarities. Early on, the success of the anarchist movement was sporadic. Anarchists would organize a strike and ranks would swell. Usually, repression by police reduced the numbers again, but at the same time further radicalized many strikers. This cycle helped lead to an era of mutual violence at the beginning of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Nationalist Party
Spanish Nationalist Party (PNE; es, Partido Nacionalista Español) was a Spanish nationalist political party active in the Second Spanish Republic. The PNE was founded by José María Albiñana in 1930. Ideology The main points of the party platform were: * Defence of the unity of Spain. Rejection of the Autonomous Regions. * Respecting the "religious principles". * Monarchism. * Defense of social order. Opposition to class struggle. * "Agrarian nationalism" and promoting cooperation and agricultural credit. * Equitable taxation. * Free elementary education and letting popular classes access to middle and upper education. * Nationalization of health services and social assistance. * International action to prevent the discrediting of Spain. The ideological position of the PNE has been defined as "ultra- reactionary" and traditionalist. In fact, in his last will, José María Albiñana asked his followers to join the Traditionalist Communion. Ferrer, Melchor. ''Historia del trad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres In 1936
A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when perpetrated by a group of political actors against defenseless victims. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". A "massacre" is not necessarily a "crime against humanity". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing. Etymology The modern definition of ''massacre'' as "indiscriminate slaughter, carnage", and the subsequent verb of this form, derive from late 16th century Middle French, evolved from Middle French ''"macacre, macecle"'' meaning "slaughterhouse, butchery". Further origins are dubious, though may be related to Latin ''macellum'' "provisions store, butcher shop". The Middle French word ''macecr'' "butchery, carnage" is first record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1936 In Spain
Incumbents *President: Manuel Azaña *Prime Minister: Santiago Casares Quiroga until July 19, Francisco Largo Caballero Events *July 17–18 - July 1936 military uprising in Melilla *July 18–25 - July 1936 military uprising in Seville *July 18–20 - Siege of Cuartel de la Montaña *July 19 - July 1936 military uprising in Barcelona *July 19–27 - Siege of Cuartel de Loyola *July 19-August 16 - Siege of Gijón *July 19-October 16 - Siege of Oviedo *July 20-23 - July 1936 coup d'état in Granada *July 21-September 27 - Siege of the Alcázar *August 14 - Battle of Badajoz (1936) *August 19-September 5 - Battle of Irún *September 3 - Battle of Talavera de la Reina (1936) Births * 7 March - Antonio Mercero, film director and screenwriter (b. 2018) *4 May - El Cordobés, matador *18 May - Francisco Laína, politician (b. 2022) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1930s In Madrid
Year 193 ( CXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sosius and Ericius (or, less frequently, year 946 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 193 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * January 1 – Year of the Five Emperors: The Roman Senate chooses Publius Helvius Pertinax, against his will, to succeed the late Commodus as Emperor. Pertinax is forced to reorganize the handling of finances, which were wrecked under Commodus, to reestablish discipline in the Roman army, and to suspend the food programs established by Trajan, provoking the ire of the Praetorian Guard. * March 28 – Pertinax is assassinated by members of the Praetorian Guard, who storm the imperial palace. The Empire is auctioned off ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prison Massacres
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correctional facility, lock-up, hoosegow or remand center, is a facility in which inmates (or prisoners) are confined against their will and usually denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state as punishment for various crimes. Prisons are most commonly used within a criminal justice system: people charged with crimes may be imprisoned until their trial; those pleading or being found guilty of crimes at trial may be sentenced to a specified period of imprisonment. In simplest terms, a prison can also be described as a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime they have committed. Prisons can also be used as a tool of political repression by authoritarian regimes. Their perceived opponents may be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In Spain
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correctional facility, lock-up, hoosegow or remand center, is a facility in which inmates (or prisoners) are confined against their will and usually denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state as punishment for various crimes. Prisons are most commonly used within a criminal justice system: people charged with crimes may be imprisoned until their trial; those pleading or being found guilty of crimes at trial may be sentenced to a specified period of imprisonment. In simplest terms, a prison can also be described as a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime they have committed. Prisons can also be used as a tool of political repression by authoritarian regimes. Their perceived opponents may be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People Killed By The Second Spanish Republic
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Civil War Massacres
Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Canada * Spanish River (other), the name of several rivers * Spanish Town, Jamaica Other uses * John J. Spanish (1922–2019), American politician * "Spanish" (song), a single by Craig David, 2003 See also * * * Español (other) * Spain (other) * España (other) * Espanola (other) * Hispania, the Roman and Greek name for the Iberian Peninsula * Hispanic, the people, nations, and cultures that have a historical link to Spain * Hispanic (other) * Hispanism * Spain (other) * National and regional identity in Spain * Culture of Spain * Spanish Fort (other) Spanish Fort or Old Spanish Fort may refer to: United States * Spanish Fort, Alabama, a city * Spanish Fort (Colorad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Violence In Spain
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, includi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by Henry VIII of England, King Henry VIII in 1534, it is the oldest university press A university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. Most are nonprofit organizations and an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by schola ... in the world. It is also the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press is a department of the University of Cambridge and is both an academic and educational publisher. It became part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, following a merger with Cambridge Assessment in 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 Country, countries, it publishes over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publishing includes more than 380 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paracuellos Massacres
The Paracuellos massacres ( es, Matanzas de Paracuellos) were a series of mass killings of civilians and soldiers by the Republican faction of the Spanish Civil War that took place before and during the Siege of Madrid during the early stages of the war. The death toll remains a subject of debate and controversy. Background About 5,000 political prisoners and rebel military personnel had been incarcerated in Madrid since before the start of the war, in July 1936.Julía, Santos; Casanova, Julían; Solé i Sabaté, Josep Maria; Villarroya, Joan; and Moreno, Francisco. (2006). ''Víctimas de la guerra civil.'' Ediciones Temas de Hoy. Madrid. p.134 Many of them had been captured during the failed rising of the Montaña barracks, in western Madrid. The prisoners came under the control of the new (Committee for the Defence of Madrid), an emergency committee left in charge of the city on November 7, after the democratically-elected Republican government, led by Francisco Largo Caball ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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