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Czartak
Czartak () was a regional literary group in Poland, founded after World War I by Emil Zegadłowicz. Its most famous member was Zofia Kossak-Szczucka. Other members included Edward Kozikowski, Jan Nepomucen Miller and Janina Brzostowska. Czartak's program may be described as a mystical naiveté that joined a love of nature with a disgust for modern civilization A civilization (or civilisation) is any complex society characterized by the development of a state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond natural spoken language (namely, a writing system). .... Czartak's writers were fascinated by expressionism. References Polish writers' organisations Polish literature Writing circles 20th-century Polish literature {{lit-org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janina Brzostowska
Janina Brzostowska (9 July 1897 – 18 March 1986) was a Polish poet, novelist and translator. Life Janina Brzostowska was born on 9 July 1897 in Wadowice, the daughter of a high school principal. She studied Polish and French at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, where her family moved. In 1924 she joined the "Czartak" group of poets, and published her first volume of poetry, ''On Land and My Love'', in 1925. She then formally left Czartak in 1929, though she maintained ties with the other poets there. Brzostowska moved to Warsaw, publishing her first novel, ''The Jobless of Warsaw'', in 1933. The novel was removed from publication by the censors. Her second novel, ''A Woman Conquers the World'', dealt with a woman's coming of age. From 1938 to 1939, Brzostowska helped edit the bimonthly ''Skawa''. In 1939 she published two volumes of lyrical verse, dealing with love and the passage of time. During the German occupation of Poland, Brzostowska joined the resistance movement. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emil Zegadłowicz
Emil Zegadłowicz (20 July 1888 – 24 February 1941) was a Polish poet, prose, prose writer, novelist, playwright, translation, translator, expert of art; co-originator of Polish expressionism, member of expressionists' group ''Zdrój'', co-founder of group ''Czartak''. Biography Zegadłowicz was born on 20 July 1888 in Biała Krakowska, Biała, now part of Bielsko-Biała in to the family of a teacher. From 1906 to 1911 he studied Polish philology, German philology and history of art at Jagiellonian University in Kraków, then he continued his studies in Vienna and Dresden. Although born in a German language island of Bielsko and Biała, he wasn't much connected with this region and lived in Gorzeń Górny near Wadowice and Poznań. From 1917 to 1922 he collaborated with group of Poznań expressionists related with periodical ''Zdrój''. In 1919 became an officeholder of the Ministry of Culture and Art. He initiated and co-founded regional literary group and periodical ''Czarta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zofia Kossak-Szczucka
Zofia Kossak-Szczucka ( (also Kossak-Szatkowska); 10 August 1889 – 9 April 1968) was a Polish writer and World War II resistance fighter. She co-founded two wartime Polish organizations: Front for the Rebirth of Poland and Żegota, set up to assist Polish Jews to escape the Holocaust. In 1943, she was arrested by the Germans and sent to Auschwitz concentration camp, but survived the war. Biography Early life Zofia Kossak was the daughter of Tadeusz Kossak, who was the twin brother of painter Wojciech Kossak, and granddaughter of painter Juliusz Kossak. She married twice. In 1923, following the death of her first husband Stefan Szczucki in Lwiw, she settled in the village of Górki Wielkie in Cieszyn Silesia where in 1925 she married Zygmunt Szatkowski. Activism She was associated with the Czartak literary group, and wrote mainly for the Catholic press. Her best-known work from that period is ''The Blaze'', a memoir of the Russian Revolution of 1917. In 1936, she received t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Kozikowski
Edward is an English given name. It is derived from the Anglo-Saxon name ''Ēadweard'', composed of the elements '' ēad'' "wealth, fortune; prosperous" and '' weard'' "guardian, protector”. History The name Edward was very popular in Anglo-Saxon England, but the rule of the Norman and Plantagenet dynasties had effectively ended its use amongst the upper classes. The popularity of the name was revived when Henry III named his firstborn son, the future Edward I Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassal o ..., as part of his efforts to promote a cult around Edward the Confessor, for whom Henry had a deep admiration. Variant forms The name has been adopted in the Iberian Peninsula#Modern Iberia, Iberian peninsula since the 15th century, due to Edward, King of Portugal, whose mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
