|
Cytauxzoon
''Cytauxzoon'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The name is derived from the Greek meaning an increase in the number of cells in an animal. History This genus was created in 1948 when Neitz and Thomas proposed the name ''Cytauxzoon'' to accommodate the ''Theileria'' like parasites with preerythrocytic schizogony in histiocytes. This is in contrast to schizogony in lymphocytes with the latter being characteristic for ''Theileria''. This genus was originally described in African ruminants but is now known to be common in felids including the domestic cat ('' Felis catus''). It was first described in the African grey duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia''). ''C. felis'' was first described by Kier in 1979. Taxonomy This genus is closely related to ''Theileria'' but differs from it by replicating in macrophages rather than lymphocytes. Description Life cycle The parasites are transmitted by tick bite. After a cat or other host is bitten by an infected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytauxzoon Felis
''Cytauxzoon felis'' is a protozoal organism transmitted to domestic cats by tick bites, and whose natural reservoir host is the bobcat. ''C. felis'' has been found in other wild felid species such as the cougar, as well as a white tiger in captivity. ''C. felis'' infection is limited to the family Felidae which means that ''C. felis'' poses no zoonotic (transmission to humans) risk or agricultural (transmission to farm animals) risk. Until recently it was believed that after infection with ''C. felis'', pet cats almost always died. As awareness of ''C. felis'' has increased it has been found that treatment is not always futile. More cats have been shown to survive the infection than was previously thought. New treatments offer as much as 60% survival rate. Terminology ''Cytauxzoon felis'' belongs to the order Piroplasmida and the family Theileriidae. ''C. felis'' is related to ''Theileria spp''. of African ungulates. It is not a bacterium, not a virus, and not a fungus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytauxzoonosis
''Cytauxzoon felis'' is a protozoal organism transmitted to domestic cats by tick bites, and whose natural reservoir host is the bobcat. ''C. felis'' has been found in other wild felid species such as the cougar, as well as a white tiger in captivity. ''C. felis'' infection is limited to the family Felidae which means that ''C. felis'' poses no zoonotic (transmission to humans) risk or agricultural (transmission to farm animals) risk. Until recently it was believed that after infection with ''C. felis'', pet cats almost always died. As awareness of ''C. felis'' has increased it has been found that treatment is not always futile. More cats have been shown to survive the infection than was previously thought. New treatments offer as much as 60% survival rate. Terminology ''Cytauxzoon felis'' belongs to the order Piroplasmida and the family Theileriidae. ''C. felis'' is related to ''Theileria spp''. of African ungulates. It is not a bacterium, not a virus, and not a fun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytauxzoon Strepsicerosi
''Cytauxzoon'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The name is derived from the Greek meaning an increase in the number of cells in an animal. History This genus was created in 1948 when Neitz and Thomas proposed the name ''Cytauxzoon'' to accommodate the ''Theileria'' like parasites with preerythrocytic schizogony in histiocytes. This is in contrast to schizogony in lymphocytes with the latter being characteristic for ''Theileria''. This genus was originally described in African ruminants but is now known to be common in felids including the domestic cat ('' Felis catus''). It was first described in the African grey duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia''). ''C. felis'' was first described by Kier in 1979. Taxonomy This genus is closely related to ''Theileria'' but differs from it by replicating in macrophages rather than lymphocytes. Description Life cycle The parasites are transmitted by tick bite. After a cat or other host is bitten by an infected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytauxzoon Sylvicaprae
''Cytauxzoon'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The name is derived from the Greek meaning an increase in the number of cells in an animal. History This genus was created in 1948 when Neitz and Thomas proposed the name ''Cytauxzoon'' to accommodate the ''Theileria'' like parasites with preerythrocytic schizogony in histiocytes. This is in contrast to schizogony in lymphocytes with the latter being characteristic for ''Theileria''. This genus was originally described in African ruminants but is now known to be common in felids including the domestic cat ('' Felis catus''). It was first described in the African grey duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia''). ''C. felis'' was first described by Kier in 1979. Taxonomy This genus is closely related to ''Theileria'' but differs from it by replicating in macrophages rather than lymphocytes. Description Life cycle The parasites are transmitted by tick bite. After a cat or other host is bitten by an infected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytauxzoon Manul
''Cytauxzoon'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The name is derived from the Greek meaning an increase in the number of cells in an animal. History This genus was created in 1948 when Neitz and Thomas proposed the name ''Cytauxzoon'' to accommodate the ''Theileria'' like parasites with preerythrocytic schizogony in histiocytes. This is in contrast to schizogony in lymphocytes with the latter being characteristic for ''Theileria''. This genus was originally described in African ruminants but is now known to be common in felids including the domestic cat ('' Felis catus''). It was first described in the African grey duiker (''Sylvicapra grimmia''). ''C. felis'' was first described by Kier in 1979. Taxonomy This genus is closely related to ''Theileria'' but differs from it by replicating in macrophages rather than lymphocytes. Description Life cycle The parasites are transmitted by tick bite. After a cat or other host is bitten by an infected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lymphocyte
A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the immune system of most vertebrates. Lymphocytes include natural killer cells (which function in cell-mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity), T cells (for cell-mediated, cytotoxic adaptive immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). They are the main type of cell found in lymph, which prompted the name "lymphocyte". Lymphocytes make up between 18% and 42% of circulating white blood cells. Types The three major types of lymphocyte are T cells, B cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Lymphocytes can be identified by their large nucleus. T cells and B cells T cells (thymus cells) and B cells ( bone marrow- or bursa-derived cells) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity, whereas B cells are primarily responsible for humoral immunity (relating to antibodies). The function of T cells and B cells is to recognize sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermacentor Variabilis
''Dermacentor variabilis'', also known as the American dog tick or wood tick, is a species of tick that is known to carry bacteria responsible for several diseases in humans, including Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia (''Francisella tularensis''). It is one of the best-known hard ticks. Diseases are spread when it sucks blood from the host. It may take several days for the host to experience symptoms. Though ''D. variabilis'' may be exposed to ''Borrelia burgdorferi'', the causative agent of Lyme disease, these ticks are not competent vectors for the transmission of this disease. The primary vectors for ''B. burgdorferi'' are the deer ticks ''Ixodes scapularis'' in eastern parts of the United States, ''Ixodes pacificus'' in California and Oregon, and ''Ixodes ricinus'' in Europe. ''D. variabilis'' may also carry ''Anaplasma phagocytophilum'', the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and ''Ehrlichia chaffeensis'', the causative agent of human monocytic eh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panthera Onca
The jaguar (''Panthera onca'') is a large cat species and the only living member of the genus ''Panthera'' native to the Americas. With a body length of up to and a weight of up to , it is the largest cat species in the Americas and the third largest in the world. Its distinctively marked coat features pale yellow to tan colored fur covered by spots that transition to rosettes on the sides, although a melanistic black coat appears in some individuals. The jaguar's powerful bite allows it to pierce the carapaces of turtles and tortoises, and to employ an unusual killing method: it bites directly through the skull of mammalian prey between the ears to deliver a fatal blow to the brain. The modern jaguar's ancestors probably entered the Americas from Eurasia during the Early Pleistocene via the land bridge that once spanned the Bering Strait. Today, the jaguar's range extends from core Southwestern United States across Mexico and much of Central America, the Amazon rainforest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopardus Pardalis
The ocelot (''Leopardus pardalis'') is a medium-sized spotted wild cat that reaches at the shoulders and weighs between on average. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Two subspecies are recognized. It is native to the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central and South America, and to the Caribbean islands of Trinidad and Margarita. It prefers areas close to water sources with dense vegetation cover and high prey availability. Typically active during twilight and at night, the ocelot tends to be solitary and territorial. It is efficient at climbing, leaping and swimming. It preys on small terrestrial mammals, such as armadillos, opossums, and lagomorphs. Both sexes become sexually mature at around two years of age and can breed throughout the year; peak mating season varies geographically. After a gestation period of two to three months the female gives birth to a litter of one to three kittens. They stay with their mother for up to two years, after wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panthera Tigris
The tiger (''Panthera tigris'') is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus '' Panthera''. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange fur with a white underside. An apex predator, it primarily preys on ungulates, such as deer and wild boar. It is territorial and generally a solitary but social predator, requiring large contiguous areas of habitat to support its requirements for prey and rearing of its offspring. Tiger cubs stay with their mother for about two years and then become independent, leaving their mother's home range to establish their own. The tiger was first scientifically described in 1758. It once ranged widely from the Eastern Anatolia Region in the west to the Amur River basin in the east, and in the south from the foothills of the Himalayas to Bali in the Sunda Islands. Since the early 20th century, tiger populations have lost at least 93% of their historic range and have been extirpated from Western and Central Asia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lynx Rufus
The bobcat (''Lynx rufus''), also known as the red lynx, is a medium-sized cat native to North America. It ranges from southern Canada through most of the contiguous United States to Oaxaca in Mexico. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2002, due to its wide distribution and large population. Although it has been hunted extensively both for sport and fur, populations have proven stable, though declining in some areas. It has distinctive black bars on its forelegs and a black-tipped, stubby (or "bobbed") tail, from which it derives its name. It reaches a total length (including the tail) of up to . It is an adaptable predator inhabiting wooded areas, semidesert, urban edge, forest edge, and swampland environments. It remains in some of its original range, but populations are vulnerable to extirpation by coyotes and domestic animals. Though the bobcat prefers rabbits and hares, it hunts insects, chickens, geese and other birds, small rodents, and deer. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puma Concolor
The cougar (''Puma concolor'') is a large cat native to the Americas. Its range spans from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes in South America and is the most widespread of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere. It is an adaptable, generalist species, occurring in most American habitat types. This wide range has brought it many common names, including puma, mountain lion, catamount and panther (for the Florida sub-population). It is the second-largest cat in the New World, after the jaguar (''Panthera onca''). Secretive and largely solitary by nature, the cougar is properly considered both nocturnal and crepuscular, although daytime sightings do occur. Despite its size, the cougar is more closely related to smaller felines, including the domestic cat (''Felis catus'') than to any species of the subfamily Pantherinae. The cougar is an ambush predator that pursues a wide variety of prey. Primary food sources are ungulates, particularly deer, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
