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Curved Bow
The curved bow for string instruments enables string players to control the tension of the bow hair in order to play one, two, three and four strings simultaneously and to change easily among these possibilities. The high arch of the bow allows full, sustained chords to be played and there is a lever mechanism that affects the tension and release of the bow hair. The stick of the curved bow is bent upwards (convex) and forms a circle segment. Since the four strings of a string instrument are arranged on a curved bridge, the bow hairs must be loosened so that they can reach all three or four strings (Fig. 1). Currently used bow sticks are slightly bent in the other direction (concave), that is it is only possible to play two strings at a time and, for a short time with a lot of bow pressure, three strings simultaneously (Fig. 2). History Curved Bow on four strings (Fig. 1) The practice of polyphonic playing is documented by Alessandro Striggio (1540–92), violinist Nicolaus Bru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BACH
Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. He is known for his orchestral music such as the ''Brandenburg Concertos''; instrumental compositions such as the Cello Suites; keyboard works such as the '' Goldberg Variations'' and ''The Well-Tempered Clavier''; organ works such as the '' Schubler Chorales'' and the Toccata and Fugue in D minor; and vocal music such as the '' St Matthew Passion'' and the Mass in B minor. Since the 19th-century Bach revival he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Western music. The Bach family already counted several composers when Johann Sebastian was born as the last child of a city musician in Eisenach. After being orphaned at the age of 10, he lived for five years with his eldest brother Johann Christoph, after which he continued his musical education in Lüneburg. From 1703 he was back in Thuringia, working as a musician for Protestant c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mstislav Rostropovich
Mstislav Leopoldovich Rostropovich, (27 March 192727 April 2007) was a Russian cellist and conductor. He is considered by many to be the greatest cellist of the 20th century. In addition to his interpretations and technique, he was well known for both inspiring and commissioning new works, which enlarged the cello repertoire more than any cellist before or since. He inspired and premiered over 100 pieces, forming long-standing friendships and artistic partnerships with composers including Dmitri Shostakovich, Sergei Prokofiev, Henri Dutilleux, Witold Lutosławski, Olivier Messiaen, Luciano Berio, Krzysztof Penderecki, Alfred Schnittke, Norbert Moret, Andreas Makris, Leonard Bernstein, Aram Khachaturian and Benjamin Britten. Rostropovich was internationally recognized as a staunch advocate of human rights, and was awarded the 1974 Award of the International League of Human Rights. He was married to the soprano Galina Vishnevskaya and had two daughters, Olga and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burkard Weber
Burchard (and all variant spellings) may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Burchard (name), Burchard and all related spellings as a given name and surname * Burckhardt, or (de) Bourcard, a family of the Basel patriciate * Burchard-Bélaváry family, an aristocratic family of Hungarian origin, originally called ''Both de Szikava et Bélavár'' Places in the United States * Burchard, Minnesota * Burchard, Nebraska * Burkhardt, Wisconsin Other uses * Burckhardt (crater), a lunar impact crater * Burkhardt (grape) Aramon or Aramon noir is a variety of red wine grape grown primarily in Languedoc-Roussillon in southern France. Between the late 19th century and the 1960s, it was France's most grown grape variety, but plantings of Aramon have been in continuo ... (also Burkhardt's Prince), a French red wine grape better known as Aramon * Burckhardt Compression, Swiss compression technology enterprise {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mstislav Rostropovitch
Mstislav Leopoldovich Rostropovich, (27 March 192727 April 2007) was a Russian cellist and conductor. He is considered by many to be the greatest cellist of the 20th century. In addition to his interpretations and technique, he was well known for both inspiring and commissioning new works, which enlarged the cello repertoire more than any cellist before or since. He inspired and premiered over 100 pieces, forming long-standing friendships and artistic partnerships with composers including Dmitri Shostakovich, Sergei Prokofiev, Henri Dutilleux, Witold Lutosławski, Olivier Messiaen, Luciano Berio, Krzysztof Penderecki, Alfred Schnittke, Norbert Moret, Andreas Makris, Leonard Bernstein, Aram Khachaturian and Benjamin Britten. Rostropovich was internationally recognized as a staunch advocate of human rights, and was awarded the 1974 Award of the International League of Human Rights. He was married to the soprano Galina Vishnevskaya and had two daughters, Olga and Elena ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Bach (musician)
Michael Bach (born 17 April 1958 in Worms, Germany), also known as Michael Bach Bachtischa, is a German cellist, composer, and visual artist. Biography He studied cello with Gerhard Mantel, Boris Pergamenschikow, Pierre Fournier, and János Starker, then embarked on a career of international concert activity as well as performances on radio, recordings, and television. He made numerous significant contributions to the art of contemporary cello performance; his publication ''Fingerboards & Overtones'' proposes new ideas concerning overtones and harmonics and is considered a pioneering work in the literature on contemporary technique. In 1990 he developed the curved bow (''BACH.Bogen'') for the cello, violin, viola and bass, which, in polyphonic playing, permits the simultaneous sounding of multiple strings, with the high arch of the bow allowing for full, sustained chords. During the years 1997 to 2001 Mstislav Rostropovich has been intimately involved in its development. In 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Büchner
Otto is a masculine German given name and a surname. It originates as an Old High German short form (variants ''Audo'', ''Odo'', ''Udo'') of Germanic names beginning in ''aud-'', an element meaning "wealth, prosperity". The name is recorded from the 7th century ( Odo, son of Uro, courtier of Sigebert III). It was the name of three 10th-century German kings, the first of whom was Otto I the Great, the first Holy Roman Emperor, founder of the Ottonian dynasty. The Gothic form of the prefix was ''auda-'' (as in e.g. '' Audaþius''), the Anglo-Saxon form was ''ead-'' (as in e.g. ''Eadmund''), and the Old Norse form was '' auð-''. The given name Otis arose from an English surname, which was in turn derived from ''Ode'', a variant form of ''Odo, Otto''. Due to Otto von Bismarck, the given name ''Otto'' was strongly associated with the German Empire in the later 19th century. It was comparatively frequently given in the United States (presumably in German American families) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Totenberg
Roman Totenberg (1 January 1911 – 8 May 2012) was a Polish-American violinist and educator. A child prodigy, he lived in Poland, Moscow, Berlin, and Paris, before formally immigrating to the U.S. in 1938, at age 27. He performed and taught nationally and internationally throughout his life. One of Totenberg's favorite instruments was the '' Ames Stradivarius'', which was stolen from his office in the Longy School of Music in Cambridge, Massachusetts after a concert in May 1980. The instrument was recovered and returned to Totenberg's daughters on August 6, 2015. Early life Roman Totenberg was born in Lodz, Poland to a Jewish family, the son of Adam (an architect) and Stanisława (Winawer) Totenberg. He spent his early childhood years (1914–1921) in Moscow, where the family moved at the beginning of World War I. Totenberg was a child prodigy who made his concert debut at the age of eleven with conductor Grzegorz Fitelberg. Returning to Warsaw in 1921, he studied with M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Frey
Georges Frey (2 August 1890 – 7 October 1975) was a French violinist, viola player and specialist of the curved bow. He is the father of the pianist and organist Jean-Claude Frey. Biography The early years of Georges Frey are known through his typescript entitled ''Réminiscences''. Born in Mulhouse on 2 August 1890, he received his first violin lessons from a former student of Joseph Joachim. After earning his Baccalaureate in Latin and Greek he went to Paris to further his violin studies with Daniel Herrmann. He also had private lessons with Henri Berthelier, a disciple of Joseph Lambert Massart and professor at the Conservatoire de Paris. In early 1914 Georges Frey went to Berlin with a letter of recommendation from the Swiss composer Hans Huber to study with Henri Marteau at the Hochschule für Musik. Owing to political turmoil he had to return to Paris prematurely, where he arranged to have a few last lessons with Berthelier who was already showing physical as well as menta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolph Schroeder
Rolph is a surname and a masculine given name, and may refer to: Surname * C. H. Rolph, pen-name of C. R. Hewitt (1901–1994), English police officer, journalist, editor, and author * Ebony Rolph (born 1994), Australian basketball player * Gary Rolph (born 1960), English football player * George Rolph (1794–1875), Canadian lawyer and politician * James Rolph (1869–1934), American politician * Jessica Rolph (born 1974), American businesswoman * John Rolph, multiple people * Sue Rolph (born 1978), British swimmer * Thomas Rolph (other), multiple people Given name * Rolph Barnes (1904–1982), Canadian athlete * Rolph Gobits (born 1947), Dutch photographer * Rolph Grant (1909–1977), West Indian cricketer * Rolph van der Hoeven (born 1948), Dutch academic and economist * Justin Rolph Loomis (1810–1898), American academic * Rolph Payet (born 1968), Seychelles academic and diplomat * Rolph Ludwig Edward Schwarzenberger (1936–1992), British mathematician * M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schroeder Rundbogen
__NOTOC__ Schroeder is a North German (from Schröder) occupational name for a cloth cutter or tailor, from an agent derivative of Middle Low German , "to cut". The same term was occasionally used to denote a gristmiller as well as a shoemaker, whose work included cutting leather, and also a drayman, one who delivered beer and wine in bulk to customers; in some instances the surname may have been acquired in either of these senses. This name is widespread throughout central and eastern Europe which has been held by many notable people, including: People A * Andrea Schroeder, American politician * Andreas Schroeder (born 1946), German-born Canadian poet, novelist, and nonfiction writer B * Barbet Schroeder (born 1941), Swiss film director and producer * Bob Schroeder (born 1960), American politician C * Carl Schroeder, American composer * Carly Schroeder (born 1990), American actress * Christa Schroeder (1908–1984), German secretary D * Doris Schroeder (1893–1981), Ameri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Zender
Johannes Wolfgang Zender (22 November 1936 – 22 October 2019) was a German conductor and composer. He was the chief conductor of several opera houses, and his compositions, many of them vocal music, have been performed at international festivals. As a conductor, he worked at the Theater Freiburg, Theater Bonn, Opernhaus Kiel and Hamburg State Opera, and led the radio orchestra Deutsche Radio Philharmonie Saarbrücken Kaiserslautern. He taught at the Musikhochschule Frankfurt. His opera '' Stephen Climax'' premiered in 1986 at the Oper Frankfurt, and his third opera, ''Chief Joseph'', premiered in 2005 at the Staatsoper Unter den Linden. Career Born in Wiesbaden, Zender attended the Maifestspiele at age 13, listening to concerts conducted by Carl Schuricht, Karl Böhm and Günter Wand, among others. He took piano lessons and learned to play the organ. From 1949, he went each year to the Darmstädter Ferienkurse, where he got to know trends in new music by Karlheinz Sto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Zimmermann
Walter Zimmermann (born 15 April 1949) is a German composer associated with the Cologne School. Born in Schwabach, Germany, Zimmermann studied composition in Germany with Werner Heider and Mauricio Kagel, the theory of musical intelligence at the Institute of Sonology in Utrecht (now located in The Hague), and computer music at Colgate University in New York. Zimmermann's works are infused by a personal adaptation of minimal technique. Whereas many early American minimalist composers were influenced in their works by rock, jazz, and world musics, Zimmermann has drawn a great deal of inspiration from his Franconia Franconia (german: Franken, ; Franconian dialect: ''Franggn'' ; bar, Frankn) is a region of Germany, characterised by its culture and Franconian dialect (German: ''Fränkisch''). The three administrative regions of Lower, Middle and Upper ...n heritage. A number of his works, particularly his groups of pieces known as ''Lokale Musik'', use the traditio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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