Cumberland Street Archaeological Site
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Cumberland Street Archaeological Site
The Cumberland Street Archaeological Site is a heritage-listed archaeological site located at 106–128 Cumberland Street in the inner-city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The site includes the remains of early convict-era housing dating as far back as 1795, and a modern youth hostel has been built elevated over the remnants. It is also known as The Big Dig Site, Sydney YHA, and the Big Dig Education Centre. The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales, and it was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 17 December 2010. History The site's earliest known occupants were George Legg and Ann Armsden in 1795, followed by the Byrne family in 1805, George Cribb's butchery and hotel occupied over half the site from 1811–1829. Much of Section 74 sold by William Murrell, Edward Sandwell and William Perks in December 1827.AR096 Subdivided January 1834. Nu ...
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The Rocks, New South Wales
The Rocks is a suburb, tourist precinct and historic area of Sydney's city centre, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located on the southern shore of Sydney Harbour, immediately north-west of the Sydney central business district. Boundaries The formal boundaries of the suburb named "The Rocks" cover the western side of Sydney Cove (Circular Quay) east of the Sydney Harbour Bridge approaches. In the north it extends to the southern base of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, in the east to the shoreline of Circular Quay and George Street, in the south to Jamison Street (thus including the area known as "Church Hill"), and in the west to southern approaches of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Western Distributor overpass. History The Rocks became established shortly after the colony's formation in 1788. It was known as Tallawoladah by the Cadigal people. The original buildings were first traditional vernacular houses, of wattle and daub, with thatched roofs, and later ...
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Cumberland Street Archaeological Site 2
Cumberland ( ) is a historic counties of England, historic county in the far North West England. It covers part of the Lake District as well as the north Pennines and Solway Firth coast. Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974. From 1974 until 2023, Cumberland lay within Cumbria, a larger administrative area which also covered Westmorland and parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. In April 2023, Cumberland will be revived as an administrative entity when Cumbria County Council is abolished and replaced by two Unitary authorities of England, unitary authorities; one of these is to be named Cumberland (unitary authority), Cumberland and will include most of the historic county, with the exception of Penrith, Cumbria, Penrith and the surrounding area. Cumberland is bordered by the historic counties of Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scotland, Scottish counties ...
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Houses In The Rocks, New South Wales
A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.Schoenauer, Norbert (2000). ''6,000 Years of Housing'' (rev. ed.) (New York: W.W. Norton & Company). Houses use a range of different roofing systems to keep precipitation such as rain from getting into the dwelling space. Houses may have doors or locks to secure the dwelling space and protect its inhabitants and contents from burglars or other trespassers. Most conventional modern houses in Western cultures will contain one or more bedrooms and bathrooms, a kitchen or cooking area, and a living room. A house may have a separate dining room, or the eating area may be integrated into another room. Some large houses in North America have a recreation room. In traditional agriculture-oriented societies, domestic anim ...
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New South Wales State Heritage Register Sites Located In The Rocks
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Sydney Living Museums
Sydney Living Museums is the trading name of the Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales (HHT), a statutory corporation entrusted with the care and maintenance of historic sites throughout New South Wales, Australia, including various gardens, parklands and urban spaces. In 2011 its sites attracted over two million visitors each year. The chief executive of the Trust, called Executive Director, is responsible to the Office of Environment and Heritage in the Department of Planning and Environment cluster. The Trust reports to the Minister for Heritage, who also serves as the Minister for the Environment. Ultimately the minister is responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales. History The Historic Houses Trust was established under the ''Historic Houses Trust Act'' 1980 and originally charged with the running of Elizabeth Bay House and Vaucluse House Vaucluse House is a heritage-listed residence, colonial farm and country estate and now tourist attraction, house mus ...
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Sydney Cove Authority
The Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority was an agency of the Government of New South Wales from 1970 to 1999. Its predecessor was the Sydney Cove Authority. It was established on 12 January 1970 under the ''Sydney Cove Redevelopment Act 1968'' to oversee redevelopment plans for the historic inner suburb of The Rocks. The redevelopment plans, drawn up by architect and town planner John Overall, would have seen large-scale demolitions within the historic district and the construction of large multi-storey tower blocks, with only a handful of historic buildings deemed to be particularly significant to be retained. They met with large-scale community opposition, including significant street protests (led by The Rocks Residents Group) and a two-year Green Ban from the Builders' Labourers Federation between 1971 and 1973. This resulted in a 1974 review of the scheme which ended the original proposal for a precinct of high-rise towers. The agency continued for many years, developing v ...
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117-117a Gloucester Street, The Rocks
117–117a Gloucester Street, The Rocks is a heritage-listed terrace houses located in the Long's Lane Precinct at 117–117a Gloucester Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by W. Foggitt and built from 1912 to 1915. It is also known as Longs Lane Terraces/Precinct (Long's). The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002. History The formalisation of land claims in The Rocks commenced with grants made by Governor Darling in 1829 and continued for close to two decades. Allotment 21 of section 74 was formally granted to John Terry Hughes in January 1839. In 1848, William Todd, on behalf of George Cooper Turner and Oswald Bloxsome, purchased the allotment. In turn Bloxsome and Thomas Iceton subdivided the land in 1853. Upon this subdivision Richard Wilde, a ...
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113-115 Gloucester Street, The Rocks
113–115 Gloucester Street, The Rocks is a heritage-listed terrace house located in the Long's Lane Precinct at 113–115 Gloucester Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built during 1881. It is also known as Longs Lane Terraces/Precinct. The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002. History In 1807, this site is shown by Meehan's Survey to contain a defined building alignment with a lane on the northern boundary. Artists' views of the western side of Sydney Cove between 1800–1820 confirm a large number of small buildings in the region. By 1822 the site appears on Harper's Survey as containing a single relatively small structure. Robert Russell's Survey in 1838 shows the site as the eastern half of Allotment 18 of Section 74 which was granted to William Lo ...
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Long's Lane Precinct
The Long's Lane Precinct, also Longs Lane Precinct, comprise a series of heritage-listed terrace houses located at 130 Cumberland Street, 132–134 Cumberland Street, 136-138 Cumberland Street, and 140–142 Cumberland Street, in the inner-city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The terrace houses were built from 1888 to 1914, and they are also known as 130 Cumberland Street, 132–134 Cumberland Street, 136–138 Cumberland Street, Watson's Butchery, and 140–142 Cumberland Street. The properties are owned by NashCap, an Australian-based real estate private equity firm. The precinct and the terrace houses were added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002. , 140–142 Cumberland Street operated as the Sydney Harbour Bed and Breakfast. History 130 Cumberland Street Occupation on this site dates from when George Cribb constructed a row of tenements along Cumberland Street to Longs ...
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History Of Sydney
The History of Sydney is the story of the peoples of the land that has become modern Sydney. Aboriginal Australians have inhabited the Sydney region for at least 30,000 years, and Aboriginal engravings and cultural sites are common in the Sydney area. The traditional owners of the land on which modern Sydney stands are the Darug, Dharawal and Eora people.The modern history of the city began with the arrival of a First Fleet of British ships in 1788 and the foundation of a penal colony by Great Britain. From 1788 to 1900, Sydney was the capital of the British colony of New South Wales. The town of Sydney was declared a city in 1842, and a local government was established. In 1901, the Australian colonies federated to become the Commonwealth of Australia, and Sydney became the capital of the state of New South Wales. Sydney today is Australia's largest city and a major international centre of culture and finance. The city has played host to numerous international events, inclu ...
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Disturbance (archaeology)
A disturbance is any change to an archaeological site due to events which occurred after the site was laid down. Disturbances may be caused by natural events or human activity, and may result in loss of archaeological value. In some cases, it can be difficult to distinguish between features caused by human activity in the period of interest and features caused by later human activity, or by natural processes. Causes Natural causes The soil scientist Francis D. Hole identified nine natural processes resulting in soil disturbance, including the movements of animals and plants (especially burrowing, root growth and treefalls), freezing and thawing, movement under gravity (including earthflow and rockslides), swelling and shrinking of clays, the actions of wind and water, the growth and dissolution of salt crystals, and movement caused by earthquakes. Different sites are subject to different degrees, combinations, and interactions of these processes, and archaeologists wor ...
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Cahill Expressway
The Cahill Expressway is an urban freeway in Sydney and was the first freeway constructed in Australia, opening to traffic in 1958. It starts from the Eastern Distributor and Cross City Tunnel in Woolloomooloo, and runs through a series of sunken cuttings and tunnels between the Royal Botanic Garden and The Domain. One of the tunnels is the Domain Tunnel, located underneath the Royal Botanic Garden. The freeway then runs on an elevated section across the northern edge of the Sydney CBD at Circular Quay, and then across the Sydney Harbour Bridge to North Sydney. It connects there to the Warringah Freeway. It is named after the then New South Wales Premier John Joseph Cahill, who also approved construction of the Sydney Opera House. History The expressway was first proposed in 1945 as part of an overall expressway plan for Sydney. Public opposition began when the proposal was first made public in 1948, with the Quay Planning Protest Committee being formed. Despite the ...
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