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Crozant
Crozant (; oc, Crosenc) is a commune in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in France. Geography A tourism and farming village situated some northeast of Guéret, on the D72 and by the banks of the river Creuse, the boundary with the department of Indre. This administrative boundary is very old. It approximates to the linguistic boundary between the langue d'oïl and langue d'oc. It also has a geological significance: to the south, the granite foothills of the Massif central, while in the plains to the north begins the limestone of the Paris basin. When the Eguzon dam on the Creuse was built in 1926, the landscape, society and the local economy changed under the water’s influence in just a few years. One has only to see old postcards and the works of Armand Guillaumin, who painted about 140 landscapes, to notice the difference. The moors were maintained by the extensive grazing of sheep and goats, which slowly declined between the two wars and died ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crozant School
The Crozant School (French: ''École de Crozant'') is named after Crozant, a Communes of France, Commune of France at the northern limit of the department of Creuse. It consists of a host of landscape painters who worked from 1830 to 1950 on the banks of the Creuse (river), Grande Creuse, Petite Creuse, Sédelle and Gargilesse rivers near the communes of Crozant and Fresselines. The "Crozant School" is simply a convenient name to designate all those who have found inspiration in the Creuse valleys: it is a "school without a master". In little more than a century, nearly 500 painters frequented the region. History Abandonment of neoclassical At the start of the 19th century, artistic fashion had settled around the neoclassical tradition as exemplified by the work of the painter Jacques-Louis David. Alongside this academicism, the romantic tradition formalized by Théodore Géricault, Gericault, Richard Parkes Bonington, Bonington and Eugène Delacroix, Delacroix was gaining momentu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand Guillaumin
Armand Guillaumin (; February 16, 1841 – June 26, 1927) was a French impressionist painter and lithographer. Biography Early years Born Jean-Baptiste Armand Guillaumin in Paris, he worked at his uncle's lingerie shop while attending evening drawing lessons. He also worked for a French government railway before studying at the Académie Suisse in 1861. There, he met Paul Cézanne and Camille Pissarro, with whom he maintained lifelong friendships. While he never achieved the stature of these two, his influence on their work was significant. With these two friends, Guillaumin exhibited at the Salon des Refusés in 1863.The three artists frequently painted in each other's company in the 1870s; for a time, Guillaumin and Cézanne had studios next door to each other on the Île Saint-Louis in Paris. In 1873, Cézanne made the only etchings of his career, one of them depicting Guillaumin (see Gallery below). Guillaumin was a member of the Société anonyme des artistes peintres, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Smith (artist)
Alfred Smith (1854–1932) was a French artist from Bordeaux who painted in the impressionist, post-impressionist and fauvist style. Some of his works resemble the early works of Claude Monet. Biography Smith was born in Bordeaux in 1854 to a father of Welsh origin and a mother from Bordeaux. He joined a circle of local landscape artists who followed Courbet and Corot. Smith studied with Hippolyte Pradelles (1876), Léonce Chabry (1880) and Amadeus Baudit (1884). The distinguished artist Alfred Philippe Roll noticed Smith and helped to promote his work. He exhibited in the Salon in Paris in 1880, earning an honorable mention. In 1883 his painting ''Le quai de Bacalan le soir'' was exhibited at the Salon. In the 1880s he became the new leader of the Bordeaux school, displacing Louis Auguin. However, with no need to earn a living he did not fully devote himself to painting until 1886. In 1888 he was given a third class medal at the Salon des Artistes français, and in 1889 a b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernand Maillaud
Fernand Maillaud (1862-1948) was a French painter, illustrator, ébéniste and tapestry designer. Biography His father was a carpenter, and his mother was a teacher. They moved frequently as his mother was reassigned. In 1878, when his father became ill, he was sent to work as a clerk in Issoudun, then La Châtre. After his military service, in 1882, he was employed as a department store salesman in Paris. He married Fernande Sevry in 1886. Soon after, he pursued his interest in drawing at the École des Beaux-Arts, with Adolphe Yvon. While he studied, Fernande worked as a seamstress. Later, he provided illustrations for the journal, ''La Famille'', and drew models for a fashion newspaper.Raymond Christoflour (préf. Camille Mauclair and Henri Focillon), ''Fernand Maillaud : peintre et décorateur'', Paris et Nevers, Éditions de la Revue du Centre et G. Girard, "Collection de la Revue du centre", 1932 Upon the recommendation of Father Jules Chevalier, he composed six large pan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creuse (river)
The Creuse (; oc, Cruesa) is a long river in western France, a tributary of the Vienne. Its source is in the Plateau de Millevaches, a north-western extension of the Massif Central. Course The Creuse flows northwest through the following Departments of France, departments and towns: * Creuse department (named after the river): Aubusson, Creuse, Aubusson. * Indre department: Argenton-sur-Creuse, Le Blanc. * Indre-et-Loire department : Yzeures-sur-Creuse, Descartes, Indre-et-Loire, Descartes * Vienne department: La Roche-Posay The Creuse flows into the Vienne Vienne (; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Viéne'') is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Leloir
Maurice Leloir (1 November 1853 – 7 October 1940) was a French illustrator, watercolourist, draftsman, printmaker, writer and collector. Biography Leloir was the son, and pupil, of painter and watercolorist Héloïse Suzanne Colin, daughter of painter Alexandre-Marie Colin. His brother, Alexandre-Louis Leloir was also a well known painter and illustrator. Leloir married Céline Bourdier, with whom he had a daughter, Suzanne Leloir, who married Philippe, the son of Pauline Savari in 1912. Leloir first exhibited his work at the Salon des artistes français, of which he became the secretary. With many other painters, he was a member of the Crozant School in the valleys of Creuse. In 1907, he was the founding president of the Société de l'histoire du costume, and he donated the family's collection of fashion prints to the society. Around the 1890s, Leloir and his students flooded the picture book market, inspired by photographs representing accurately costumes and attitudes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communauté De Communes Du Pays Dunois
The communauté de communes du Pays Dunois was created on December 3, 2002 and is located in the Creuse ''departments of France, département'' of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, in central France. It was merged into the new Communauté de communes Monts et Vallées Ouest Creuse in January 2017, but this merger was revoked and the former communautés de communes were recreated on 31 December 2019. Its area is 339.5 km2, and its population was 6,958 in 2019.Comparateur de territoire Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, INSEE. Retrieved 16 November 2022. Its seat is in Dun-le-Palestel. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Ernest Ballue
Pierre Ernest Ballue (27 February 1855 – 18 May 1928) was a French landscape painter and designer, associated with the Barbizon School. Biography He was born in La Haye-Descartes. His family's presence there and in Buxeuil goes back to the sixteenth century. Two of his relatives served as mayors of the municipality: René (1804–1807) and Pierre (1816–1830). His parents relocated to Paris in 1867. There he studied art with Alexandre Defaux, , and Camille Corot. He became a regular exhibitor at the Salon and was awarded several medals. His favored place for painting was Touraine, but he travelled throughout France, to the Côte d'Azur, the area around Crozant, and in Fresselines. In 1886, he was one of the artists who accompanied Auguste Bartholdi to the United States, to celebrate the inauguration of the Statue of Liberty. In 1895, he married Thérèse Pomey, a genre painter and miniaturist, who had been a student of her father, Louis Edmond Pomey (1831–1891). They ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Josephson
Ernst Abraham Josephson (1851-1906) was a Swedish painter and poet. He specialized in portraits, genre scenes of folklife and folklore. Background He was born to a middle-class family of merchants of Jewish ancestry. His uncle, Ludvig Josephson (1832-1899) was a dramatist and his uncle Jacob Axel Josephson (1818-1880) was a composer. When he was ten, his father Ferdinand Semy Ferdinand Josephson (1814-1861) left home and he was raised by his mother, Gustafva Jacobsson (1819-1881) and three older sisters. Career With his family's support, Josephson began to pursue art professionally at the age of sixteen, enrolling at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts. His primary instructors there were Johan Christoffer Boklund and August Malmström. He was there until 1876, when he received a Royal Medal for painting. After leaving the academy, he and his friend and fellow artist Severin Nilsson (1846-1918) visited Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands, where they studied the works o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isabella Of Angoulême
Isabella (french: Isabelle, ; c. 1186/ 1188 – 4 June 1246) was Queen of England from 1200 to 1216 as the second wife of King John, Countess of Angoulême in her own right from 1202 until her death in 1246, and Countess of La Marche from 1220 to 1246 as the wife of Count Hugh. Isabella had five children by King John, including his heir, later Henry III. In 1220, Isabella married Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, by whom she had another nine children. Some of Isabella's contemporaries, as well as later writers, claim that she formed a conspiracy against King Louis IX of France in 1241, after being publicly snubbed by his mother, Blanche of Castile, for whom she harbored a deep-seated hatred. In 1244, after the plot had failed, Isabella was accused of attempting to poison the king. To avoid arrest, she sought refuge in Fontevraud Abbey, where she died two years later, but none of this can be confirmed. Queen consort of England Isabella was the only daughter and heir o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donjon
A keep (from the Middle English ''kype'') is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars have debated the scope of the word ''keep'', but usually consider it to refer to large towers in castles that were fortified residences, used as a refuge of last resort should the rest of the castle fall to an adversary. The first keeps were made of timber and formed a key part of the motte-and-bailey castles that emerged in Normandy and Anjou during the 10th century; the design spread to England, south Italy and Sicily. As a result of the Norman invasion of 1066, use spread into Wales during the second half of the 11th century and into Ireland in the 1170s. The Anglo-Normans and French rulers began to build stone keeps during the 10th and 11th centuries; these included Norman keeps, with a square or rectangular design, and circular shell keeps. Stone keeps carried considerable political as well as military importance and could take up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constable Of France
The Constable of France (french: Connétable de France, from Latin for 'count of the stables') was lieutenant to the King of France, the first of the original five Great Officers of the Crown (along with seneschal, chamberlain, butler, and chancellor) and the commander-in-chief of the Royal Army. He was, at least on paper, the highest-ranking member of the French nobility. The was also responsible for military justice and served to regulate the Chivalry. His jurisdiction was called the Constabulary (; or in modern French orthography which sticks closer to the correct pronunciation: ). The office was established by King Philip I in 1060 AD, with Alberic becoming the first Constable. The office was abolished in 1627, with an edict, by Cardinal Richelieu, upon the death of , in order to strengthen the immediate authority of the King over his army. The position was officially replaced by the purely ceremonial title "Dean of Marshals" (), who was in fact the most senior "Marshal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
