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Crit'air
The French ''Crit'Air'' air quality certificate (french: Certificat qualité de l'air) is a vignette (a secure sticker) issued to show a vehicle's compliance with European emission standards. ''Crit'Air'' covers all road vehicles, including motorcycles, quad bikes, private cars, vans, trucks, coaches and buses. Under the Law on Energy Transition for Green Growth, local councils are allowed to provide benefits only to less polluting vehicles, and vignettes enable them to be identified. The system also allows urban areas to restrict the use of the more polluting vehicles, either at all times, or when pollution levels are high. ''Crit'Air'' was developed by the French Ministry of the Environment in collaboration with the French Ministry of the Interior to reduce the environmental impact of road transport. Drivers are required to place the vignette on the inside of the lower-right hand corner of their windscreen; different colour vignettes indicate different emissions classes. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low-emission Zone
A low-emission zone (LEZ) is a defined area where access by some polluting vehicles is restricted or deterred with the aim of improving air quality. This may favour vehicles such as bicycles, micromobility vehicles, (certain) alternative fuel vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids, and zero-emission vehicles such as all-electric vehicles. A zero-emission zone (ZEZ) is a LEZ where only zero-emissions vehicles (ZEVs) are allowed. In such areas, all internal combustion engine vehicles are banned; this includes any plug-in hybrid vehicles which cannot run zero-emission. Only battery electric vehicles and hydrogen vehicles are allowed in a ZEZ, along with walking and cycling and fully electric public transport vehicles, e.g. trams, electric buses etc. Workings In many LEZs, vehicles that do not meet the emission standards set by the LEZ are not barred from entry into the LEZ (i.e. using automated boom barriers), but rather simply fined if they enter the zone. A fine is n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vignettes Crit'Air
Vignette may refer to: * Vignette (entertainment), a sketch in a sketch comedy * Vignette (graphic design), decorative designs in books (originally in the form of leaves and vines) to separate sections or chapters * Vignette (literature), short, impressionistic scenes that focus on one moment or give a particular insight into a character, idea, or setting * Vignette (model), a form of diorama * Vignette (philately), the central part of a stamp design * Vignette (professional wrestling), a video package used to promote wrestling characters or storylines * Vignette (psychology), a short description of an event, behavior or person used in a psychology experiment to control information provided to participants * Vignette (road tax), a small, colored sticker affixed to motor vehicles in some European nations to indicate road tolls have been paid * Vignette (vineyard), in viticulture, part of a larger consolidated vineyard * Vignette Corporation, a Texas-based commercial software compa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vignette (road Tax)
Vignette is a form of road pricing imposed on vehicles, usually in addition to the compulsory road tax, based on a period of time the vehicle may use the road, instead of road tolls that are based on distance travelled. Vignettes are currently used in several European countries. The term originated in France in the 1950s, although vignettes there were not linked to motorway use and no longer exist; it is now used throughout Central Europe, as well as in Italy (''vignetta''). Vignettes are used in Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland. In most of these countries a small, coloured sticker is affixed to a vehicle windscreen, but in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and since 2021 in Slovenia these have been superseded by electronic vignettes. In Moldova, vignettes are required for the use of any road, while in Bulgaria and Romania they are required for the use of any road outside urban areas. In the ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Emission Standards
The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards for pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and EEA member states and the UK, and ships in EU waters. The standards are defined in a series of European Union directives staging the progressive introduction of increasingly stringent standards. , the standards do not include non-exhaust emissions such as particulates from tyres and brakes. Details of Euro 7 have been postponed to 12 October 2022. Background In the European Union, emissions of nitrogen oxides (), total hydrocarbon (THC), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) are regulated for most vehicle types, including cars, trucks (lorries), locomotives, tractors and similar machinery, barges, but excluding seagoing ships and aeroplanes. For each vehicle type, different standards apply. Compliance is determined by running the engine at a standardised test cycle. Non-co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loi Relative à La Transition énergétique Pour La Croissance Verte
Loi is the word in the Meitei language (Meiteilon) for the term "scheduled caste". The term ''Loi'' is given to the indigenous and aboriginal people of Manipur in northeast India who refused to adopt Hinduism or were semi-Hinduised when the newly converted Manipuri king ordered all his subjects to adopt the religion. The Chakpa language Chakpa ( Meitei exonym: Loi) is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was spoken in the Imphal valley of Manipur, India. It belonged to the Luish branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Chakpa speakers have been shifted to that of Meitei language. V ... is also known as Loi. Although Chakpa people are usually considered to be Loi, not all Loi are Chakpa. There are two kinds of Loi according to Parratt (1998):Parratt, John ed. (1998). ''Notes on Meithei (Manipuri) beliefs and customs''. Manipur: Iboyaima Printers. * tributary tribes conquered by the Meitheis * outcasted people from Meithei society who were banished to Loi villages References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Ecology
The Ministry of Ecological Transition (French: ''Ministère de la Transition écologique''), commonly just referred to as Ministry of Ecology, is a department of the Government of France. It is responsible for preparing and implementing the government's policy in the fields of sustainable development, climate, energy transition and biodiversity. Barbara Pompili was appointed Minister of Ecological Transition on 6 July 2020 under Prime Minister Jean Castex. History On 8 January 1971, under President Georges Pompidou, the Ministry of the Environment (''Ministère de l'Environnement'') was created as a ministry subordinate to the Prime Minister of France. The first Minister of the Environment was Robert Poujade. From 1974 to 1977, the position was renamed Minister of Quality of Life; in 1978 it became Minister of the Environment and Way of Life. Sustainable development was added in 2002. The ministry's administration is headquartered in Tour Sequoia in La Grande Arche of La Dé ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of The Interior (France)
Minister of the Interior (french: Ministre de l'Intérieur; ) is a prominent position in the Government of France. The position is equivalent to the interior minister in other countries, like the Home Secretary in the United Kingdom, the Minister of Public Safety in Canada, or similar to a combination of the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security in the United States. Responsibilities The Minister of the Interior is responsible for the following: * The general interior security of the country, with respect to criminal acts or natural catastrophes ** including the major law-enforcement forces *** the National Police *** the National Gendarmerie for its police operations since 2009; as a part of the French Armed Forces, the Gendarmerie is administratively under the purview of the Ministry of Armed Forces ** General directorate for civil defence and crisis management (Sécurité Civile) *** the directorate of Firefighters (Sapeurs-Pompiers) * the granting of id ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vehicle Registration Certificate
A vehicle registration certificate is an official document providing proof of registration of a vehicle. It is used primarily by governments as a means of ensuring that all road vehicles are on the national vehicle register, but is also used as a form of law enforcement and to facilitate change of ownership when buying and selling a vehicle. European Union and European Economic Area In the European Economic Area ( EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), vehicle registration certificates are governed by the European directive 1999/37/EC. The information contained in these registration certificates includes: * Vehicle registration number * Personal data of the individual to whom the vehicle is registered * Vehicle identification number (VIN) * Engine specifications * Exhaust emissions United Kingdom In the UK the document (V5C) was previously referred to as the "log book", and this name is still common usage. The document is issued by the DVLA and tracks the registered keeper of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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