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Craterellus
''Craterellus'' is a genus of generally edible fungi similar to the closely related chanterelles, with some new species recently moved from the latter to the former. Both groups lack true gills on the underside of their caps, though they often have gill-like wrinkles and ridges. General The three most common species, '' Cr. cornucopioides'', '' Cr. lutescens'' and '' Cr. tubaeformis'', are gathered commercially and, unlike ''Cantharellus'', can be easily preserved by drying. Molecular phylogenetics have been applied to the problem of discriminating between ''Craterellus'' and ''Cantharellus'' genera. Results indicate that the presence of a hollow stipe may be a synapomorphy (a trait corresponding to the evolutionary relationship) which reliably identifies ''Craterellus'' species. ''Cr. cornucopioides'' appears to be a single polymorphic species, while ''Cr. tubaeformis'' may be two separate genetic groups separated by geography. Definition of the genus The genera ''Cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craterellus Cornucopioides
''Craterellus cornucopioides'', or horn of plenty, is an edible mushroom. It is also known as the black chanterelle, black trumpet, trompette de la mort (French), trombetta dei morti (Italian) or trumpet of the dead, djondjon (Haitian). The Cornucopia, in Greek mythology, referred to the magnificent horn of the nymph Amalthea (mythology), Amalthea's goat (or of herself in goat form), that filled itself with whatever meat or drink its owner requested. It has become the symbol of plenty. A possible origin for the name "trumpet of the dead" is that the growing mushrooms were seen as being played as trumpets by dead people under the ground. Description The fruiting body does not have a separation into stalk and cap, but is shaped like a funnel expanded at the top, normally up to about tall and in diameter, but said to grow exceptionally to tall. The upper and inner surface is black or dark grey, and rarely yellow. The lower and outer fertile surface is a much lighter shade of gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craterellus Tubaeformis
''Craterellus tubaeformis'' (formerly ''Cantharellus tubaeformis'') is an edible fungus, also known as yellowfoot, winter mushroom, or funnel chanterelle. It is mycorrhizal, forming symbiotic associations with plants, making it very challenging to cultivate. It is smaller than the golden chanterelle (''Cantharellus cibarius'') and has a dark brown cap with paler gills and a hollow yellow stem. ''C. tubaeformis'' tastes stronger but less fruity than the golden chanterelle. It has a very distinctive smokey, peppery taste when raw. It grows in temperate and cold parts of Northern America and Europe, including Scandinavia, Finland, Russia, and the British Isles, as well as in the Himalayas in Asia, including Assam, in the central parts of the Indian subcontinent, and in Thailand. ''C. tubaeformis'' is a yellowish-brown and trumpet-shaped mushroom found in great numbers late in the mushroom season, thus earning the common name winter mushroom. The cap is convex and sometimes hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craterellus Lutescens
''Craterellus lutescens'', formerly sometimes called ''Cantharellus lutescens'' or ''Cantharellus xanthopus'' or ''Cantharellus aurora'', commonly known as Yellow Foot, is a species of mushroom. It is closely related to ''Craterellus tubaeformis''. Its hymenium is usually orange or white, whereas the hymenium of ''C. tubaeformis'' is grey. ''C. lutescens'' is also usually found in wetlands. Description The species is more brightly coloured than ''Craterellus tubaeformis''. The cap is lobed irregularly and is brown to bistre. The hymenium and stipe are also more brightly coloured than ''C. tubaeformis''. The hymenium is almost smooth or slightly veined and is pink. The stipe is yellow-orange. The species is edible. Habitat The species can commonly be found in large colonies in some coniferous forests, under spruce, mountain fir trees, or pinewoods near the seashore. Research An extract of ''Craterellus lutescens'' exhibits inhibitory activity on thrombin Thrombin (, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantharellaceae
The Cantharellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Cantharellales. The family contains the chanterelles and related species, a group of fungi that superficially resemble agarics (gilled mushrooms) but have smooth, wrinkled, or gill-like hymenophores (spore-bearing undersurfaces). Species in the family are ectomycorrhizal, forming a mutually beneficial relationship with the roots of trees and other plants. Many of the Cantharellaceae, including the chanterelle (''Cantharellus cibarius''), the Pacific golden chanterelle (''Cantharellus formosus''), the horn of plenty (''Craterellus cornucopioides''), and the trumpet chanterelle (''Craterellus tubaeformis''), are not only edible, but are collected and marketed internationally on a commercial scale. Taxonomy History The family was originally described in 1888 by German mycologist Joseph Schröter to accommodate the chanterelles, which at that time were thought to be an evolutionary link between "primitive" ''Thelephora'' species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craterellus Caeruleofuscus
''Craterellus caeruleofuscus'' is a species of fungus in the mushroom family Cantharellaceae. External linksIndex Fungorum Cantharellales Taxa named by Alexander H. Smith {{Agaricomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantharellus
''Cantharellus'' is a genus of popular edible mushrooms, commonly known as chanterelles, a name which can also refer to the type species, ''Cantharellus cibarius''. They are mycorrhizal fungi, meaning they form symbiotic associations with plants, making them very difficult to cultivate. Caution must be used when identifying chanterelles for consumption due to lookalikes, such as the jack-o'-lantern mushroom (''Omphalotus olearius'' and others), which can make a person very ill. Despite this, chanterelles are one of the most recognized and harvested groups of edible mushrooms. Many species of chanterelles contain antioxidant carotenoids, such as beta-carotene in ''C. cibarius'' and ''C. minor'', and canthaxanthin in ''C. cinnabarinus'' and ''C. friesii''. They also contain significant amounts of vitamin D. The name comes from Greek κάνθαρος, ''kantharos'' 'tankard, cup'. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye). They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. Edible mushrooms include many fungal species that are either harvested wild or cultivated. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets, and those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the prized truffle, matsutake, and morel) may be collected on a smaller scale by private gatherers. Some preparations may render certain poisonous mushrooms fit for consumption. Before assuming that any wild mushroom is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantharellales
The Cantharellales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order includes not only the chanterelles (Cantharellaceae), but also some of the tooth fungi (Hydnaceae), clavarioid fungi ( Aphelariaceae and Clavulinaceae), and corticioid fungi ( Botryobasidiaceae). Species within the order are variously ectomycorrhizal, saprotrophic, associated with orchids, or facultative plant pathogens. Those of economic importance include edible and commercially collected ''Cantharellus'', ''Craterellus'', and ''Hydnum'' species as well as crop pathogens in the genera '' Ceratobasidium'' and '' Thanatephorus'' (''Rhizoctonia''). Taxonomy The order was originally proposed in 1926 by German mycologist Ernst Albert Gäumann to accommodate species within the phylum Basidiomycota having "stichic" basidia (basidia with nuclear spindles arranged longitudinally). On this basis, he included three families within the Cantharellales: the Cantharellaceae (including the Hydnaceae), the Clavul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamella (mycology)
In mycology, a lamella, or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often agarics. The gills are used by the mushrooms as a means of spore dispersal, and are important for species identification. The attachment of the gills to the stem is classified based on the shape of the gills when viewed from the side, while color, crowding and the shape of individual gills can also be important features. Additionally, gills can have distinctive microscopic or macroscopic features. For instance, ''Lactarius'' species typically seep latex from their gills. It was originally believed that all gilled fungi were Agaricales, but as fungi were studied in more detail, some gilled species were demonstrated not to be. It is now clear that this is a case of convergent evolution (i.e. gill-like structures evolved separately) rather than being an anatomic feature that evolved only once. The apparent reason that various basidiomycetes have evolved gills is that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiomycota
Basidiomycota () is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi. Members are known as basidiomycetes. More specifically, Basidiomycota includes these groups: mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, bracket fungi, other polypores, jelly fungi, boletes, chanterelles, earth stars, smuts, bunts, rusts, mirror yeasts, and ''Cryptococcus'', the human pathogenic yeast. Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota-yeast) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external meiospores (usually four). These specialized spores are called basidiospores. However, some Basidiomycota are obligate asexual reproducers. Basidiomycota that reproduce asexually (discussed below) can typically be recognized as members of this division by gross similarity to others, by the form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
