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Cortes Of León Of 1188
The Cortes of León or Decreta of León from year 1188 was a parliamentary body in the medieval Kingdom of León. According to UNESCO it is the first documented example of parliamentarism in history. After coming to power, King Alfonso IX, facing an attack by his neighbours, Castile and Portugal, decided to summon the or king's court/royal council to the Basilica of San Isidoro, León. This was a gathering of the nobility and the higher clergy called to advise the king, used in numerous countries during the Middle Ages. Because of the seriousness of the situation, Alfonso IX also called in representatives of the wealthy merchants and tradesmen from the most important cities of the kingdom, thus uniting the three Estates of the Realm in one council. However, all these meetings were exceptional and did not lead to a regular attendance of commoners (the Third Estate) in the council. León's Cortes dealt with matters like the right to private property Private property is a leg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Private Property
Private property is a legal designation for the ownership of property by non-governmental legal entities. Private property is distinguishable from public property and personal property, which is owned by a state entity, and from collective or cooperative property, which is owned by a group of non-governmental entities. Private property is foundational to capitalism, an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. The distinction between private and personal property varies depending on political philosophy, with socialist perspectives making a hard distinction between the two. As a legal concept, private property is defined and enforced by a country's political system. History Ideas about and discussion of private property date back to the Persian Empire, and emerge in the Western tradition at least as far back as Plato. Prior to the 18th century, English speakers generally used the word "property" in reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1188 Establishments In Europe
Year 1188 ( MCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * January 22 – King Ferdinand II dies after returning from a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. He is succeeded by his 16-year-old son Alfonso IX, who becomes ruler of León and Galicia. He convenes representatives of the nobility, clergy and towns at the Basilica of San Isidoro the Cortes of León. These Corteses are considered to be the first parliament in Europe. * Spring – King Henry II and Philip II (Augustus) meet at Le Mans, with Archbishop Josias (or Joscius) in attendance. Both kings agree to peace terms, and to contribute to a joint Crusade. It is decided to raise a new tax to pay for the expedition. This tax, known as the Saladin Tithe, is imposed on the people of England and France to raise funds for the Third Crusade. * March 27 – Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) holds a Diet at Mainz an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1180s Establishments In Europe , synthetic chemical element with atomic number 118
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118 may refer to: *118 (number) *AD 118 *118 BC *118 (TV series) *118 (film) *118 (Tees) Corps Engineer Regiment *118 (Tees) Field Squadron, Royal Engineers See also *11/8 (other) *Oganesson Oganesson is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol Og and atomic number 118. It was first synthesized in 2002 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, near Moscow, Russia, by a joint team of Russian and American scient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th-century Establishments In The Kingdom Of León
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit (measurement), unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest Positive number, positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the sequence (mathematics), infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval Organizations
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralized authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—most recently part of the Eastern Roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Keane (political Theorist)
John Keane may refer to: Sports * John Keane (hurler) (1917–1975), Irish sportsman * Jack Keane (hurler) (1892–1978), Irish hurler for the Limerick senior team * John Keane (Gaelic footballer) (born 1980), Gaelic football player for Westmeath GAA * Johnny Keane (1911–1967), American baseball player * Jack Keane (footballer) (1911–2005), Australian rules footballer * J. J. Keane (John James Keane, 1871–1956), Irish Gaelic footballer and Olympic official Politicians * John F. Keane, U.S. Ambassador to Paraguay, 2003–2005 * John J. Keane (politician), Irish Fianna Fáil politician from Galway * John Thomas Keane (died 1946), Irish politician * Sir John Keane, 5th Baronet (1873–1956), member of the first Irish government's Senate and a director of the Bank of Ireland * Sir John Keane, 1st Baronet (1757–1829), MP for Youghal Musicians * John E. Keane (born 1952), British film and television composer * John M. Keane (musician) (born 1965), American songwriter and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evelyn Procter
Evelyn Emma Stefanos Procter, FRHistS (6 June 1897 – 22 March 1980) was a British historian and academic. She served as principal of St Hugh's College, Oxford, from 1946 to 1962. Early life Procter was born on 6 June 1897 in Hunton Bridge, Hertfordshire. She was educated at two all girls independent schools; Corran School for Girls in Watford and Cheltenham Ladies' College in Cheltenham. In 1915, she went to Somerville College, Oxford, as a commoner to study modern history. Her college tutors were Margaret Hayes Robinson and Florence O'Loughlin. During her time at the University of Oxford, she was awarded a blue for lacrosse. In 1918, she graduated with a distinguished first class honours Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. Academic career Procter began her academic career as a teacher at Saint Felix School, Southwold. She spent the first two years after graduating teaching. In 1921, Procter was elected Mary Somerville Research Fellow at Somerville College, Oxford. She undertoo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cortes (other)
Cortes, Cortés, Cortês, Corts, or Cortès may refer to: People * Cortes (surname), including a list of people with the name ** Hernán Cortés (1485–1547), a Spanish conquistador Places * Cortes, Navarre, a village in the South border of Navarre, Spain * Cortes de Aragón, Teruel, a municipality in the province of Teruel, Aragón, Spain * Cortes, Bohol, a municipality in the Philippines * Cortes, Surigao del Sur, a municipality in the Philippines * Cortês, a municipality in Pernambuco, Brazil * Puerto Cortés, a seaport in Honduras * Cortés Department, a department in Honduras * Cortes Island, an island in British Columbia, Canada * Cortes, Aberdeenshire, a village in Scotland, United Kingdom Institutions * Cortes of Cádiz, former parliament of Spain * Cortes Generales, the parliament of Spain * Aragonese Corts, the regional parliament for the Spanish autonomous community of Aragon * Cortes of Castile-La Mancha, the legislature of the Autonomous Community of Castile–L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commoners
A commoner, also known as the ''common man'', ''commoners'', the ''common people'' or the ''masses'', was in earlier use an ordinary person in a community or nation who did not have any significant social status, especially a member of neither royalty, nobility, nor any part of the aristocracy. Depending on culture and period, other elevated persons (such members of clergy) may have had higher social status in their own right, or were regarded as commoners if lacking an aristocratic background. This class overlaps with the legal class of people who have a property interest in common land, a longstanding feature of land law in England and Wales. Commoners who have rights for a particular common are typically neighbors, not the public in general. History Various states throughout history have governed, or claimed to govern, in the name of ''the common people''. In Europe, a distinct concept analogous to ''common people'' arose in the Classical civilization of ancient Rome aro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democracy, democratic government, governance of a sovereign state, state (or subordinate entity) where the Executive (government), executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which it is accountable. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. This is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, where the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature. Countries with parliamentary systems may be Constitutional monarchy, constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament, or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
