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Core Frame Model
The Core frame model is a model showing the urban structure of the Central Business District of a town or city. The model was first suggested by Ronald R. Boyce and Edgar M. Horwood in 1959. The model includes an inner core where land is expensive and used intensively, resulting in vertical development. This area is the focus of the transport system and has a concentrated daytime population. The outer core and frame have lower land values and are less intensively developed.Goodall, B. (1987) The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography. London: Penguin. The various land uses are linked to the bid rent theory. The zone of assimilation and zone of discard are together called the zone of transition. See also *Concentric zone model *Sector model *Multiple nuclei model The multiple nuclei model is an economical model created by Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in the 1945 article "The Nature of Cities". The Model The model describes the layout of a city, based on Chicago. It says t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Core Frame Model
The Core frame model is a model showing the urban structure of the Central Business District of a town or city. The model was first suggested by Ronald R. Boyce and Edgar M. Horwood in 1959. The model includes an inner core where land is expensive and used intensively, resulting in vertical development. This area is the focus of the transport system and has a concentrated daytime population. The outer core and frame have lower land values and are less intensively developed.Goodall, B. (1987) The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography. London: Penguin. The various land uses are linked to the bid rent theory. The zone of assimilation and zone of discard are together called the zone of transition. See also *Concentric zone model *Sector model *Multiple nuclei model The multiple nuclei model is an economical model created by Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in the 1945 article "The Nature of Cities". The Model The model describes the layout of a city, based on Chicago. It says t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Structure
Urban structure is the arrangement of land use in urban areas, in other words, how the land use of a city is set out. Urban planners, economists, and geographers have developed several models that explain where different types of people and businesses tend to exist within the urban setting. Urban structure can also refer to urban spatial structure, which concerns the arrangement of public and private space in cities and the degree of connectivity and accessibility. Zonal model This model was the first to explain distribution of social groups within urban areas. Based on one single city, Chicago, it was created by sociologist Ernest Burgess in 1924. According to this model, a city grows outward from a central point in a series of concentric rings. The innermost ring represents the central business district. It is surrounded by a second ring, the zone of transition, which contains industry and poorer-quality housing. The third ring contains housing for the working-class and is cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Business District
A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "city centre" or "downtown". However, these concepts are not necessarily synonymous: many cities have a central ''business'' district located away from its commercial and or cultural centre and or downtown/city centre, and there may be multiple CBDs within a single urban area. The CBD will often be characterised by a high degree of accessibility as well as a large variety and concentration of specialised goods and services compared to other parts of the city. For instance, Midtown Manhattan, New York City, is the largest central business district in the city and in the United States. London's city centre is usually regarded as encompassing the historic City of London and the medieval City of Westminster, while the City of London and the transform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bid Rent Theory
The bid rent theory is a geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand for real estate change as the distance from the central business district (CBD) increases. It states that different land users will compete with one another for land close to the city centre. This is based upon the idea that retail establishments wish to maximize their profitability, so they are much more willing to pay more for land close to the CBD and less for land further away from this area. This theory is based upon the reasoning that the more accessible an area (i.e., the greater the concentration of customers), the more profitable. Explanation Land users all compete for the most accessible land within the CBD. The amount they are willing to pay is called "bid rent". The result is a pattern of concentric rings of land use, creating the concentric zone model. It could be assumed that, according to this theory, the poorest houses and buildings would be on the very outskirts of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slum
A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty. The infrastructure in slums is often deteriorated or incomplete, and they are primarily inhabited by impoverished people.What are slums and why do they exist? UN-Habitat, Kenya (April 2007) Although slums are usually located in s, in some countries they can be located in suburban areas where housing quality is low and living conditions are poor. While slums differ in size and other characteristics, most lack r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zone Of Transition
Zone of transition is the area between the factory zone and the working-class zone in the concentric zone model of urban structure devised by Ernest Burgess. The zone of transition is an area of flux where the land use is changing. In the core frame model The Core frame model is a model showing the urban structure of the Central Business District of a town or city. The model was first suggested by Ronald R. Boyce and Edgar M. Horwood in 1959. The model includes an inner core where land is expensive ... showing the structure of the center of the city, the zone of transition encircles the central business district (CBD). It includes a zone of assimilation where the buildings are being drawn into CBD usage. There may also be a zone of degradation where the buildings are changing from CBD usage to residential land use. It is characterized by residential deterioration and encroachment by business and light manufacturing.(Fouberg, Murphy, de Blij) References {{Reflist External ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concentric Zone Model
The concentric zone model, also known as the Burgess model or the CCD model, is one of the earliest theoretical models to explain urban social structures. It was created by sociologist Ernest Burgess in 1925. The model Based on human ecology theory done by Burgess and applied on Chicago, it was the first to give the explanation of distribution of social groups within urban areas. This concentric ring model depicts urban land usage in concentric rings: the Central Business District (or CBD) was in the middle of the model, and the city is expanded in rings with different land uses. It is effectively an urban version of Von Thünen's regional land use model developed a century earlier. It influenced the later development of Homer Hoyt's sector model (1939) and Harris and Ullman's multiple nuclei model (1945). The zones identified are: # The center with the central business district, # The transition zone of mixed residential and commercial uses or the zone of transition, # Worki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sector Model
The sector model, also known as the Hoyt model, is a model of urban land use proposed in 1939 by land economist Homer Hoyt.Hoyt, H. (1939) ''The Structure and Growth of Residential Neighborhoods in American Cities'' Washington, Federal Housing Administration It is a modification of the concentric zone model of city development. The benefits of the application of this model include the fact it allows for an outward progression of growth. As with all simple models of such complex phenomena, its validity is limited.Smith, P.J. (1962) "Calgary: A study in urban pattern", ''Economic Geography'', 38(4), pp.315-329 Application This model applies to numerous British cities. Also, if it is turned 90 degrees counter-clockwise it fits the city of Mönchengladbach reasonably accurately. This may be because of the age of the cities when transportation was a key, as a general rule older cities follow the Hoyt model and more recent cities follow the Burgess (concentric zone) model. Limitations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multiple Nuclei Model
The multiple nuclei model is an economical model created by Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in the 1945 article "The Nature of Cities". The Model The model describes the layout of a city, based on Chicago. It says that even though a city may have begun with a central business district, or CBD, other smaller CBDs develop on the outskirts of the city near the more valuable housing areas to allow shorter commutes from the outskirts of the city. This creates nodes or nuclei in other parts of the city besides the CBD thus the name multiple nuclei model. Their aim was to produce a more realistic, if more complicated, model. Their main goals in this were to: # Move away from the concentric zone model # Better reflect the complex nature of urban areas, especially those of larger size The model assumes that: #Land is not flat in all areas #There is even Distribution of Resources #There is even Distribution of people in Residential areas #There is even Transportation CostsSwanson, Kelly. Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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