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Cophylinae
Cophylinae is a subfamily of Microhylidae, microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. It has over 100 species in eight genera. Members of this subfamily range from minute ( 100 mm adult body size), and they are highly ecologically diverse. DNA barcoding, DNA barcode research has revealed a significant taxonomic gap in this subfamily, and an estimated 70+ candidate species were identified. Many of these have subsequently been described, as well as numerous new discoveries (e.g. 26 species of ''Stumpffia'' described in 2017). Genera As of December 2019, the following genera are recognised in the subfamily Cophylinae: * ''Anilany'' Scherz, Miguel Vences, Vences, Andolalao Rakotoarison, Rakotoarison, Andreone, Köhler, Frank Glaw, Glaw & Crottini, 2016 (Monotypic taxon, monotypic) * ''Anodonthyla'' Müller, 1892 (12 species) * ''Cophyla'' Oskar Boettger, Boettger, 1880 (21 species) * ''Madecassophryne'' Guibé, 1974 (Monotypic taxon, monotypic) * ''Mini (frog), Mini'' Scherz, Hutte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cophylinae
Cophylinae is a subfamily of Microhylidae, microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. It has over 100 species in eight genera. Members of this subfamily range from minute ( 100 mm adult body size), and they are highly ecologically diverse. DNA barcoding, DNA barcode research has revealed a significant taxonomic gap in this subfamily, and an estimated 70+ candidate species were identified. Many of these have subsequently been described, as well as numerous new discoveries (e.g. 26 species of ''Stumpffia'' described in 2017). Genera As of December 2019, the following genera are recognised in the subfamily Cophylinae: * ''Anilany'' Scherz, Miguel Vences, Vences, Andolalao Rakotoarison, Rakotoarison, Andreone, Köhler, Frank Glaw, Glaw & Crottini, 2016 (Monotypic taxon, monotypic) * ''Anodonthyla'' Müller, 1892 (12 species) * ''Cophyla'' Oskar Boettger, Boettger, 1880 (21 species) * ''Madecassophryne'' Guibé, 1974 (Monotypic taxon, monotypic) * ''Mini (frog), Mini'' Scherz, Hutte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stumpffia
''Stumpffia'' is a genus of microhylid frogs that are endemic to Madagascar. They are mostly brown frogs that typically live among leaf litter. ''S. contumelia'' has a snout–vent length of about , making it one of the world's smallest frogs, and several others in the genus are only slightly larger. The largest species is no more than . The majority of the species have only been described since 2010. Each species has a small range and many are seriously threatened. Taxonomy ''Stumpffia'' was first described from the single species '' Stumpffia psologlossa'' Boettger, 1881, based on a single specimen collected on Nosy Be, a large island off the northwest coast of Madagascar, by Anotonio Stumpff. By 2017, 15 species were recognised. In late 2017, a major revision of the genus was published. This study used integrative taxonomy, i.e. the combination of multiple different datasets, to delimit and describe new species: it combined morphological, morphometric, chromatic (color ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhombophryne
''Rhombophryne'' is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. It is currently estimated to include more than 23 species, but only 20 of these are currently described. The common name 'diamond frog' has been proposed and used for members of this genus. Taxonomy The genus ''Rhombophryne'' was monotypic until 2005, containing just '' R. testudo'' Boettger, 1880. However, in 2005 Andreone et al. showed that the genus '' Plethodontohyla'' was paraphyletic with respect to this genus. Several species were therefore transferred to this genus by Frost et al. in 2006, Glaw and Vences in 2007, and Wollenberg et al. in 2008. In 2015/2016, Peloso et al. re-analysed the genetic relationships of the Microhylidae using partial genomic data. They proposed the synonymy of '' Stumpffia'' with ''Rhombophryne'' because these genera were found to be paraphyletic. However, in 2016 Scherz et al. re-analysed their data with new data—including osteology and external morphology. They found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anodonthyla
''Anodonthyla'' is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. Molecular data suggest that it is the sister taxon to all other species in the subfamily Cophylinae Cophylinae is a subfamily of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. It has over 100 species in eight genera. Members of this subfamily range from minute ( 100 mm adult body size), and they are highly ecologically diverse. DNA barcode res .... Species The genus contains twelve recognized species: Description One of the most obvious morphological synapomorphies of the genus is the presence, in males only, of a large prepollex that runs along the first finger and generally is closely connected to the first finger over most of its length. Correlated to this character, in males and females, the first finger is very short compared to other cophylines. This is true even of the extremely miniaturised species '' Anodonthyla eximia'' described in 2019. Related pages * Amphibians of Madagascar References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andolalao Rakotoarison
Andolalao Rakotoarison (born 1982 in Mahajanga) is a Malagasy herpetologist. Life and research Rakotoarison conducted her Master's thesis at the University of Antananarivo in 2011. She then conducted her PhD at the Technical University of Braunschweig on the systematics of the frogs of the Madagascar-endemic narrow-mouthed frog subfamily Cophylinae, under the supervision of Professor Miguel Vences. As of mid-2020, she has co-authored the description of 52 frog species and two reptiles (one gecko and one chameleon). In particular, Rakotoarison has contributed to knowledge of Madagascar's smallest frogs. In 2017, she led a study published as a monograph with sixteen other coauthors, describing 26 new species of the genus '' Stumpffia'', including several frogs that number among the smallest in the world, and in 2020, she was also involved in the description of five more miniaturised frogs, including the new genus ''Mini The Mini is a small, two-door, four-seat car, dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microhylidae
The Microhylidae, commonly known as narrow-mouthed frogs, are a geographically widespread family of frogs. The 683 species are in 63 genera and 11 subfamilies, which is the largest number of genera of any frog family. Evolution A molecular phylogenetic study by van der Meijden, et al. (2007) has estimated the initial internal divergence of the family Microhylidae to have taken place about 66 million years ago, or immediately after the Cretaceous extinction event. The most recent common ancestor of the Microhylidae and their closest ranoid relatives is estimated to have lived 116 million years ago in Gondwana. Description As suggested by their name, microhylids are mostly small frogs. Many species are below in length, although some species are as large as . They can be arboreal or terrestrial, and some even live close to water. The ground-dwellers are often found under leaf litter within forests, occasionally venturing out at night to hunt. The two main shapes for the microhyli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anilany
''Anilany helenae'' is a species of frog in the microyhlid subfamily Cophylinae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Anilany'', and is endemic to central Madagascar. Taxonomy This species was originally described by Denis Vallan in 2000 as a member of the genus '' Stumpffia''. It was transferred to the genus '' Rhombophryne'' by Peloso et al. in 2016 when they synonymised ''Stumpffia'' with that genus, but was then moved to the newly erected genus ''Anilany'' by Scherz et al. due to its genetic relationships and because it differs significantly in aspects of its morphology (the shape of the vomer, clavicles, and terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes). Habitat and Ecology Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. It now occurs in a few strips of fragmented habitat Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), cau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cophyla
''Cophyla'' is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Afric .... Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Cophyla'': * '' Cophyla alticola'' (Guibé, 1974) * '' Cophyla ando'' (Scherz, Köhler, Vences, and Glaw, 2019) * '' Cophyla barbouri'' (Noble, 1940) * '' Cophyla berara'' Vences, Andreone, and Glaw, 2005 * '' Cophyla cowanii'' (Boulenger, 1882) * '' Cophyla fortuna'' Rakotoarison, Scherz, Bletz, Razafindraibe, Glaw, and Vences, 2019 * '' Cophyla grandis'' (Boulenger, 1889) * '' Cophyla karenae'' (Rosa, Crottini, Noel, Rabibisoa, Raxworthy, and Andreone, 2014) *'' Cophyla laetus'' ( Rakotoarison, Scherz, Köhler, Ratsoavina, Hawlitschek, Megson, Vences & Glaw, 2020) * '' Cophyla maharipeo'' Rakoto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plethodontohyla
''Plethodontohyla'' is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. Species There are at present 11 species: * '' Plethodontohyla alluaudi'' (Mocquard, 1901) * '' Plethodontohyla bipunctata'' (Guibé, 1974) * '' Plethodontohyla brevipes'' Boulenger, 1882 * ''Plethodontohyla fonetana'' Glaw, Köhler, Bora, Rabibisoa, Ramilijaona, and Vences, 2007 * ''Plethodontohyla guentheri'' Glaw and Vences, 2007 * ''Plethodontohyla inguinalis'' Boulenger, 1882 * '' Plethodontohyla laevis'' (Boettger, 1913) * ''Plethodontohyla mihanika'' Vences, Raxworthy, Nussbaum, and Glaw, 2003 * '' Plethodontohyla notosticta'' (Günther, 1877) * ''Plethodontohyla ocellata'' Noble and Parker, 1926 * '' Plethodontohyla tuberata'' (Peters, 1883) Taxonomy The following species were formerly classed as ''Plethodontoyhla'' species but have since been moved to the genus ''Rhombophryne'': * ''Rhombophryne coronata'' (Vences & Glaw, 2003) * '' Rhombophryne guentherpetersi'' (Guibé, 1974) * '' Rhombophryne l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madecassophryne
''Madecassophryne'' is a monotypic genus of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is represented by the single species, ''Madecassophryne truebae''. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby .... References Cophylinae Amphibians described in 1974 Monotypic amphibian genera Endemic frogs of Madagascar Taxa named by Jean Marius René Guibé Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Microhylidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mini (frog)
''Mini'' is a genus of tiny microhylid frogs that are endemic to southeastern Madagascar where they live among leaf litter in lowland forests. The three species and the genus itself were only scientifically described in 2019; although not yet rated by the IUCN, they have very small ranges and it has been recommended that two qualify as critically endangered and ''M. ature'' as data deficient. At about in snout–to–vent length, ''M. mum'' and ''M. scule'' are two of the world's smallest frogs, and the larger ''M. ature'' is only . They were formerly confused with '' Stumpffia'', another genus of tiny frogs from Madagascar. All are well-camouflage Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see, or by disguising them as something else. Examples include the leopard's spotted coat, the b ...d brown frogs. Species There are currently 3 species: * '' Mini ature'' S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scaphiophryninae
The Scaphiophryninae are a subfamily of microhylid frogs native to Madagascar. Description Scaphiophryninae are small to middle-sized frogs, measuring in snout–vent length. They are terrestrial. Species living in drier environments are burrowers that emerge at the start of the rainy season. However, at least ''Scaphiophryne gottlebei'' is also able to climb vertical rock faces. Breeding is explosive and takes place in temporary pools. Eggs float on the surface and hatch into free-living tadpole A tadpole is the larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian. Most tadpoles are fully aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial. Tadpoles have some fish-like features that may not be found ...s. Genera Scaphiophryninae contains two genera. * '' Paradoxophyla'' Blommers-Schlösser & Blanc, 1991 — 2 species * '' Scaphiophryne'' Boulenger, 1882 — 9 species References {{Taxonbar, from=Q1809837 Microhylidae Endemic faun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
