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Convoy HX 156
Convoy HX 156 was the 156th of the numbered series of World War II HX convoys of merchant ships from Halifax, Nova Scotia to Liverpool.Hague 2000 p.127 Forty-three ships departed Halifax on 22 October 1941, and were met two days later by United States Navy Task Unit 4.1.3 consisting of , , , and s and .Rohwer & Hummelchen 1992 p.94 The Action 31 October 1941 The sighted the convoy at dawn on 31 October 1941, and torpedoed as the destroyer approached to investigate the Huff-Duff bearing of the sighting report.Morison 1975 p.94 A torpedo struck the port side and detonated the forward magazine. The hull aft of the third stack remained afloat for 5 minutes; and 44 men were rescued from the crew of 159. ''Reuben James'' was the first United States warship sunk during World War II. ''U-552'' was driven off by the escort; but found the convoy that afternoon. 1 November 1941 Task Unit 4.1.3 handed the convoy off to the British 6th Escort Group on 1 November 1941. ''U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Atlantic Convoys Of World War II
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north'' is related to the Old High German ''nord'', both descending from the Proto-Indo-European unit *''ner-'', meaning "left; below" as north is to left when facing the rising sun. Similarly, the other cardinal directions are also related to the sun's position. The Latin word ''borealis'' comes from the Greek '' boreas'' "north wind, north", which, according to Ovid, was personified as the wind-god Boreas, the father of Calais and Zetes. ''Septentrionalis'' is from ''septentriones'', "the seven plow oxen", a name of ''Ursa Major''. The Greek ἀρκτικός (''arktikós'') is named for the same constellation, and is the source of the English word ''Arctic''. Other languages have other derivations. For example, in Lezgian, ''kefer'' can mean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Trawler
Naval trawlers are vessels built along the lines of a fishing trawler but fitted out for naval purposes; they were widely used during the First and Second World Wars. Some—known in the Royal Navy as "Admiralty trawlers"— were purpose-built to naval specifications, others adapted from civilian use. Fishing trawlers were particularly suited for many naval requirements because they were robust vessels designed to work heavy trawls in all types of weather, and had large clear working decks. A minesweeper could be created by replacing the trawl with a mine sweep. Adding depth charge racks on the deck, ASDIC sonar below, and a or gun in the bow equipped the trawler for anti-submarine duties. History Armed trawlers were also used to defend fishing groups from enemy aircraft or submarines. The smallest civilian trawlers were converted to danlayers. Contemporary Some nations still use armed trawlers for fisheries protection and patrol. The Indian Navy used naval trawlers for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Flower-class Corvettes
This is a list of Flower-class corvettes and Modified Flower-class corvettes. It should be stressed that all ships were initially built for the British, Canadian, French and American navies, so that all mentions of other nations' navies refer to ships which were transferred to those countries later in their lives. Argentine Navy * ; ex-, USS ''Tact'', acquired from USA 1948, converted to anti-submarine warfare training ship, served until 1965, broken up 1970. * ; ex-''Gasestado'', , purchased 1954, converted to survey ship, in service 1955–1972, broken up 1973. Free Belgian Forces The Belgian Navy in exile operated two Flower-class corvettes under Royal Navy control between 1942 and 1944. * , in service Feb 1942 to Dec 1944. Returned to RN. * , in service April 1942 to Dec 1944. Transferred to RNoN. Chilean Navy * ; ex-, purchased from Canada 1946, used as survey ship, decommissioned 1966. * ; ex-, purchased from Canada 1946, decommissioned 1967. * ; ex-, purchased from Cana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Polar Chief
SS ''Polar Chief'' was a merchant steamship that was built in England in 1897 and scrapped in Scotland in 1952. In her 55-year career she had previously been called ''Montcalm'', RFA ''Crenella'', ''Crenella'', ''Rey Alfonso'', ''Anglo-Norse'' and ''Empire Chief''. Early in the First World War she spent eight months pretending to be the battleship . The ship was built in Newcastle upon Tyne as the cargo liner ''Montcalm''. In the First World War she was a troop ship, a dummy battleship and a depot ship, and then in 1916 was converted into the oil tanker ''Crenella''. She spent about 20 months in the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, survived being hit by a torpedo in 1917, and returned to civilian service in 1919. In 1923 she was sold to Norwegian buyers who renamed her ''Rey Alfonso'' and had her converted to carry whale oil. In 1927 she was sold back to UK owners who renamed her ''Anglo-Norse'' and had her equipped as a whaling factory ship. In 1929 new owners bought her and renamed he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Empire Ships (Ta–Te)
Suffix beginning with T ''Empire Tadpole'' '' Empire Tadpole'' was a 1,752 GRT tanker built as a cargo ship by Sunderland Shipbuilding Co. Completed in 1910 as ''Saskatoon''. Sold in 1927 to Canada Steamship Lines and renamed ''Rosemount''. On 24 November 1934, she sank at Century Coal Dock, Montreal. She was raised on 15 May 1934, declared a constructive total loss and sold for use as a grain store. In 1940 she was sold to Branch Lines Ltd, rebuilt as a tanker and renamed ''Willowbranch''. In 1945 she was sold to the MoWT and renamed ''Empire Tadpole''. Sold in 1947 to Bulk Storage Co Ltd, London and renamed ''Basingcreek''. Sold in 1950 to Coastal Tankers Ltd, Montreal and renamed ''Coastal Creek''. Sold in 1964 to Canadian Sealakers Ltd, Edmundston, New Brunswick. Sold in 1964 to Hall Corporation of Canada and renamed ''Creek Transport''. Sold in 1968 to McNamara Corporation Ontario and renamed ''Île de Montreal''. Sold in 1976 to Richelieu Dredging Corporation, Montr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Empire Ships (R)
Suffix beginning with R ''Empire Rabaul'' ''Empire Rabaul'' was a 7,307 Gross register tonnage (GRT) cargo ship which was built by John Readhead & Sons Ltd, South Shields. Launched on 27 November 1944 and completed in February 1945. Sold in 1947 to B J Sutherland & Co Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne and renamed ''Dumfries''. Sold in 1953 to Chine Shipping Co Ltd and renamed ''Charles Dickens''. Operated under the management of Anglo-Danubian Transport Co Ltd, London. Sold in 1956 to the Yugoslavian Government and renamed ''Pohorje''. Arrived on 21 April 1967 at Trieste, Italy for scrapping. ''Empire Race'' ''Empire Race'' was a 244 GRT tug which was built by Henry Scarr Ltd, Hessle. Launched on 21 November 1944 and completed in June 1942. Sold in 1962 to Società di Navigazione Capiece, Italy and renamed ''Capo d’Orlando''. ''Empire Rain'' ''Empire Rain'' was a 7,290 GRT cargo ship which was built by John Readhead & Sons Ltd, South Shields. Launched on 30 October 1940 and com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MV Empire Day
MV ''Empire Day'' was a cargo ship that was built in 1941 as a CAM ship by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). In 1943, she was converted to a standard cargo ship. She served until August 1944 when she was torpedoed and sunk by . Description The ship was built in 1941 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham. She was yard number 673. The ship was long, with a beam of . She had a depth of and a draught of . She was assessed at , . Her deadweight tonnage (DWT) was 10,255. The ship was propelled by a 516 nominal horsepower diesel engine.which had three cylinders of diameter by stroke. The engines was built by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland. History ''Empire Day'' was built for the MoWT as an Empire ship. Yard number 673, she was launched on 27 March 1941 and completed in July. She was initially placed under the management of Stephens Sutton Ltd. Management would later pass to L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Empire Ships (Co–Cy)
Suffix beginning Co to Cy ''Empire Coast'' ''Empire Coast'' was a 299 Gross Register Tons, GRT coastal trading vessel, coaster which was built by I Pimblott & Sons, Northwich, Cheshire. Launched on 9 January 1943 and completed in May 1943. Sold in 1946 to Anglo-American Oil Co Ltd and renamed ''Esso Ottawa''. Scrapped in Bruges in April 1967. ''Empire Cobbett'' ''Empire Cobbett'' was a 9,811 GRT tank ship, tanker which was built by Furness Shipbuilding Co Ltd, Haverton Hill, Haverton Hill-on-Tees. Launched on 19 November 1942 and completed in December 1942. Sold in 1945 to Eagle Oil and Shipping Company and renamed ''San Wilfrido''. Arrived on 10 November 1959 at Hong Kong for scrapping. ''Empire Coleridge'' ''Empire Coleridge'' was a 9,798 GRT tanker which was built by Sir J Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, Sunderland. Launched on 17 March 1942 and completed in May 1942. Sold in 1946 to Anglo-American Oil Co Ltd and renamed ''Esso Cheyenne''. Sold in 1947 to Esso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convoy HX 158
A convoy is a group of vehicles, typically motor vehicles or ships, traveling together for mutual support and protection. Often, a convoy is organized with armed defensive support and can help maintain cohesion within a unit. It may also be used in a non-military sense, for example when driving through remote areas. Naval convoys Age of Sail Naval convoys have been in use for centuries, with examples of merchant ships traveling under naval protection dating to the 12th century. The use of organized naval convoys dates from when ships began to be separated into specialist classes and national navies were established. By the French Revolutionary Wars of the late 18th century, effective naval convoy tactics had been developed to ward off pirates and privateers. Some convoys contained several hundred merchant ships. The most enduring system of convoys were the Spanish treasure fleets, that sailed from the 1520s until 1790. When merchant ships sailed independently, a privateer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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