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Constitutional Commission
Many entities have been called a Constitutional Commission with the general purpose of reviewing a constitution, or planning to create one. Afghanistan * Afghan Constitution Commission ** Timeline of the War in Afghanistan (August 2003) * Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Australia In 1985 a Constitutional Commission was established (by the Hawke Labor government) to review the Australian Constitution and reported in 1988. It was seen as too partisan by many Liberals and the eventual referendum questions were not supported; leading to the lowest 'yes' vote count for any referendum in Australia (in 1988). Canada The federally initiated Rowell–Sirois Commission of 1937 to 1940 recommended (successfully) that the federal government take over unemployment insurance and pensions from the provinces. The Quebec-initiated Royal Commission of Inquiry on Constitutional Problems of 1953 to 1956 argued (unsuccessfully) for the devolution of more powers to the Province of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court cases or treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign countries to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution defi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City Of Greater Manila
The City of Greater Manila, also known simply as Greater Manila and sometimes Greater Manila Area (GMA), was a chartered city which existed during the World War II era. It was governed by the Commonwealth of the Philippines and was dissolved by Japanese occupation forces. It served as a model for the present-day Metro Manila and the administrative functions of the Governor of Metro Manila, both established three decades later during the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos. Greater Manila was formed on January 1, 1942, by virtue of Executive Order No. 400 signed by President Manuel L. Quezon as an emergency measure. It was a merger of the cities of Manila and Quezon City and the then-Rizal towns of Caloocan, Makati, Mandaluyong, Parañaque, Pasay, and San Juan. Jorge B. Vargas was appointed Mayor of Greater Manila in December 1941. He then appointed León Guinto as his successor a month later, in January 1942. Mayors of the towns and cities that comprised Greater Manil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish Constitutional Commission
The Scottish Constitutional Commission is an independent and non-partisan think-tank, founded in 2005 by John Drummond, Chris Thomson and Canon Kenyon Wright, formerly of the Scottish Constitutional Convention. The Scottish Constitutional Commission conducts research and advocacy on the establishment of a liberal and democratic Constitution for Scotland based upon the sovereignty of the Scottish people. It is not to be confused with the Commission on Scottish Devolution (Calman Commission) which is an official commission established by the Scottish Parliament to review devolution. See also *Commission on Scottish Devolution *National Conversation *Scottish Constitutional Convention *Constitution for Scotland *Constitution of the United Kingdom *Royal Commission on the Constitution (United Kingdom) The Royal Commission on the Constitution, also referred to as the Kilbrandon Commission (initially the Crowther Commission) or Kilbrandon Report, was a long-running royal com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Initiative
People's Initiative (or "PI") is a common appellative in the Philippines that refers to either a mode for constitutional amendment provided by the 1987 Philippine Constitution or to the act of pushing an initiative (national or local) allowed by the Philippine Initiative and Referendum Act of 1987. The appellative also refers to the product of either of those initiatives. The provision in the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines allowing for a "people's initiative" as one of the modes for constitutional amendment has been called the "people's initiative clause." The other modes allowed by the Constitution involve a Constituent Assembly (or "Con-Ass") or a Constitutional Convention (or "Con-Con"), both of which also allow a total revision of the charter. The appellation (also known as "PI") also refers to the act—allowed by the law-given right of the Filipino people—of directly initiating statutes or calling for referendums on both the national and the local governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assembly (Philippines)
The Constituent Assembly, is a term describing one of the three methods by which amendments to the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines may be proposed. The other two modes are via People's Initiative and Constitutional Convention. All three require a majority vote in a national referendum. Constituent Assembly is composed of all members of the bicameral Congress of the Philippines (Senate and the House of Representatives). It is convened by Congress to propose amendments to the 1987 constitution. Under Article XVII of the Constitution of the Philippines, amendments pass upon a vote of three fourths of all members of Congress, wherein the Congress votes as separate houses for the amendment. The convention of Congress into the term "Constituent Assembly" is not explicitly provided for in the Constitution, since the term is not used in the Constitution with it being only referred to as "''Congress upon a vote of three-fourths of all its members''". See also * Constitutional reform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission On Elections (Philippines)
The Commission on Elections ( fil, Komisyon sa Halalan), abbreviated as , is one of the three constitutional commissions of the Philippines. Its principal role is to enforce all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of elections in the Philippines. The other two Constitutional Commissions are the Commission on Audit and Civil Service Commission Functions According to Article IX-C, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines, the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) shall exercise the following powers and functions: # Enforce and administer all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of an election, plebiscite, initiative, referendum, and recall. # Exercise exclusive original jurisdiction over all contests relating to the elections, returns, and qualifications of all elective regional, provincial, and city officials, and appellate jurisdiction over all contests involving elective municipal officials decided by trial courts of general jurisdiction, or involvi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission On Audit (Philippines)
The Commission on Audit (COA; fil, Komisyon ng Pagsusuri) is an independent constitutional commission established by the Constitution of the Philippines. It has the primary function to examine, audit and settle all accounts and expenditures of the funds and properties of the Philippine government. The Commission on Audit is a creation of the 1987 constitution. It was preceded by the Office of the Auditor in 1899, renamed as the Bureau of the Insular Auditor in 1900, then to the Bureau of Audits in 1905. The 1935 constitution created the General Auditing Office (GAO), and was led by the Auditor General. The 1973 constitution renamed the GAO to the Commission on Audit, a collegial body led by a chairman, with two commissioners. That setup was retained by the 1987 constitution. The other two Constitutional Commissions are the Commission on Elections and Civil Service Commission. Members Description The Commission on Audit is composed of a Chairperson and two Commissioners. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Service Commission (Philippines)
The Civil Service Commission ( fil, Komisyon ng Serbisyo Sibil, abbreviated as CSC) is one of the three Constitutional Commissions of the Philippines with responsibility over the civil service. It is tasked with overseeing the integrity of government actions and processes. The commission was founded in 1900 through Act No. 5 of the Philippine Commission and was made a bureau in 1905. The Civil Service Commission (CSC) is the central personnel agency of the Philippine government responsible for the policies, plans, and programs concerning all civil service employees. It has 16 regional offices throughout the country. The other two Constitutional Commissions are the Commission on Elections and Commission on Audit. Members The 1987 Constitution staggered the terms of the members of the Constitutional Commissions. Of the first appointees, the Chairman would serve seven years (1st line), a Commissioner would serve five years (2nd line), and another Commissioner would serve three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1987 Philippine Constitutional Plebiscite
A constitutional plebiscite was held in the Philippines on 2 February 1987. The plebiscite is pursuant to Presidential Proclamation No. 3 which was issued on 25 March 1986 by President Corazon Aquino. It abolished the Office of the Prime Minister and the Regular Batasang Pambansa (English: National Assembly). Multi-party elections were held accordingly in 1987. Background of the new constitution In 1986, following the People Power Revolution which ousted Ferdinand Marcos as president, and following her own inauguration, Corazon Aquino issued Proclamation No. 3, declaring a national policy to implement the reforms mandated by the people, protecting their basic rights, adopting a provisional constitution, and providing for an orderly transition to a government under a new constitution. President Aquino later issued Proclamation No. 9, creating a Constitutional Commission (popularly abbreviated as "ConCom" in the Philippines) to frame a new constitution to replace the 1973 Const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Commission Of 1986
The Philippine Constitutional Commission of 1986 was the constitutional convention tasked with drafting the present iteration of the Constitution of the Philippines in 1986. Sessions *Regular Session: June 2 – October 15, 1986 Legislation Leadership President: Cecilia Muñoz-Palma Vice President: Ambrosio B. Padilla Floor Leader: Napoleon G. Rama Assistant Floor Leaders: *José D. Calderón *Ahmad Domocao Alonto Secretary General: Flerida Ruth Pineda-Romero Members A nomination process was held to select the members of the commission. The commission was composed of 48 national, regional, and sectoral representatives, which included lawyers, entrepreneurs, politicians, landlords, health professionals, religious leaders, labor and peasant leaders, university professors, and journalists. Resigned on August 28, 1986. See also * First Philippine Commission *Second Philippine Commission *Congress of the Philippines *Senate of the Philippines *House of Represent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joker Arroyo
Ceferino "Joker" Paz Arroyo Jr. (January 5, 1927 – October 5, 2015) was a Filipino statesman and key figure in the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution which ousted dictator Ferdinand Marcos. He was a Congressman for Makati from 1992 to 2001 and Senator from 2001 to 2013. Arroyo received various awards and commendations for his significant contributions to the law profession and public service. Among these are the Philippine Bar Association's Most Distinguished Award for Justice as a “man beholden to no one except to his country” and Senate Resolution No. 100 enacted in the 8th Congress citing his invaluable service to the Filipino people. He was also known for being the thriftiest legislator, earning the title of "Scrooge of Congress", as he only had few staff members without bodyguards and did not use his pork barrel funds. In 2018, Arroyo was identified by the Human Rights Victims' Claims Board as a Motu Proprio human rights violations victim of the Martial Law Era. Early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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