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Concrete Slump Test
The concrete slump test measures the consistency of fresh concrete before it sets. It is performed to check the workability of freshly made concrete, and therefore the ease with which concrete flows. It can also be used as an indicator of an improperly mixed batch. The test is popular due to the simplicity of apparatus used and simple procedure. The slump test is used to ensure uniformity for different loads of concrete under field conditions. A separate test, known as the flow table, or slump-flow test, is used for concrete that is too fluid (non-workable) to be measured using the standard slump test, because the concrete will not retain its shape when the cone is removed. Procedure Image:Cono de Abrams 01.jpg, Slump cone Image:Cono de Abrams 03.jpg, Tamping procedure Image:Cono de Abrams 04.jpg, Removing cone Image:Cono de Abrams 05.jpg, Height measurement The test is carried out using a metal mould in the shape of a conical frustum known as a slump cone or Abrams cone, tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flow Table Test
The flow table test or slump-flow test is a method to determine consistency of fresh concrete. Flow table test is also used to identify transportable moisture limit of solid bulk cargoes. It is used primarily for assessing concrete that is too fluid (workable) to be measured using the slump test, because the concrete will not retain its shape when the cone is removed. Application When fresh concrete is delivered to a site by a truck mixer, its consistency needs to be checked before it is poured into formwork. If consistency is not at the desired level, concrete will not have the required strength and other qualities once it has set. If concrete is too pasty, cavities may form within it. Rebar may become corroded, and concrete will crack. Cavities also reduce the concrete strength. Equipment * Flow table with a grip and a hinge, square. In the American version of this test, the table is diameter per . * Abrams cone, open at the top and at the bottom - high, top diameter, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff Abrams
Duff A. Abrams (1880, Illinois, – 1965, New York) was an American researcher in the field of composition and properties of concrete. He developed the basic methods for testing concrete characteristics still in use today. A professor with the Lewis Institute, he studied the component materials of concrete in the early 20th century. D. A. Abrams was researcher, professor, and director of the research laboratory of the Portland Cement Association in Chicago. He investigated the influence of the composition of concrete mixes on the strength of the end product. Some of the results of his research was: * the definition of the concept of fineness modulus; * the definition of the water-cement ratio; * a test method for the workability of a concrete mix by using what is called 'Abrams cone', see concrete slump test. In a comprehensive research program, Abrams established the relationship between the water-cement ratio and the compressive strength of concrete. The results were first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Concrete Society
The Concrete Society is a UK based non-profit company that was founded in 1966 in response to the increasing need for a single organisation embracing all those interested in concrete. On its formal inauguration, on 13 October 1966, the Society took over the work of the four organisations (the Reinforced Concrete Association, the Prestressed Concrete Development Group, the Pavings Development Group and the Formwork Development Group), by then in the process of dissolution, in order both to carry on their work and to extend it to cover the entire field of concrete technology and use. Today The Concrete Society is an Independent Concrete Advisory company. Over the years the company has become a provider of information serving the needs of clients, architects, engineers, specifiers, suppliers, contractors and users of concrete. The Society is an individual membership body, without trade affiliations, which exists to provide information to exchange information and experience and to pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Types Of Concrete Slump
Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Type (Unix), a command in POSIX shells that gives information about commands. * Type safety, the extent to which a programming language discourages or prevents type errors. * Type system, defines a programming language's response to data types. Mathematics * Type (model theory) * Type theory, basis for the study of type systems * Arity or type, the number of operands a function takes * Type, any proposition or set in the intuitionistic type theory * Type, of an entire function ** Exponential type Biology * Type (biology), which fixes a scientific name to a taxon * Dog type, categorization by use or function of domestic dogs Lettering * Type is a design concept for lettering used in typography which helped bring about modern textual printin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Construction Aggregate
Construction aggregate, or simply aggregate, is a broad category of coarse- to medium-grained particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates. Aggregates are the most mined materials in the world. Aggregates are a component of composite materials such as concrete and asphalt; the aggregate serves as reinforcement to add strength to the overall composite material. Due to the relatively high hydraulic conductivity value as compared to most soils, aggregates are widely used in drainage applications such as foundation and French drains, septic drain fields, retaining wall drains, and roadside edge drains. Aggregates are also used as base material under foundations, roads, and railroads. In other words, aggregates are used as a stable foundation or road/rail base with predictable, uniform properties (e.g. to help prevent differential settling under the road or building), or as a low-cost exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Building Code
A building code (also building control or building regulations) is a set of rules that specify the standards for constructed objects such as buildings and non-building structures. Buildings must conform to the code to obtain planning permission, usually from a local council. The main purpose of building codes is to protect public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings and structures. The building code becomes law of a particular jurisdiction when formally enacted by the appropriate governmental or private authority. Building codes are generally intended to be applied by architects, engineers, interior designers, constructors and regulators but are also used for various purposes by safety inspectors, environmental scientists, real estate developers, subcontractors, manufacturers of building products and materials, insurance companies, facility managers, tenants, and others. Codes regulate the design and construction of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ASTM
ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services. Some 12,575 ASTM voluntary consensus standards operate globally. The organization's headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about northwest of Philadelphia. It is founded in 1902 as the American Section of the International Association for Testing Materials (see also International Organization for Standardization). History A group of scientists and engineers, led by Charles Dudley, formed ASTM in 1898 to address the frequent rail breaks affecting the fast-growing railroad industry. The group developed a standard for the steel used to fabricate rails. Originally called the "American Society for Testing Materials" in 1902, it became the "American Society for Testing And Materials" in 1961. In 2001, ASTM official ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Standards
British Standards (BS) are the standards produced by the BSI Group which is incorporated under a royal charter and which is formally designated as the Standards organization#National standards bodies, national standards body (NSB) for the UK. The BSI Group produces British Standards under the authority of the charter, which lays down as one of the BSI's objectives to: Formally, as stated in a 2002 memorandum of understanding between the BSI and the United Kingdom Government, British Standards are defined as: Products and services which BSI certifies as having met the requirements of specific standards within designated schemes are awarded the Kitemark. History BSI Group began in 1901 as the ''Engineering Standards Committee'', led by James Mansergh, to standardize the number and type of steel sections, in order to make United Kingdom, British manufacturers more efficient and competitive. Over time the standards developed to cover many aspects of tangible engineering, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ASTM International
ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services. Some 12,575 ASTM voluntary consensus standards operate globally. The organization's headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about northwest of Philadelphia. It is founded in 1902 as the American Section of the International Association for Testing Materials (see also International Organization for Standardization). History A group of scientists and engineers, led by Charles Dudley, formed ASTM in 1898 to address the frequent rail breaks affecting the fast-growing railroad industry. The group developed a standard for the steel used to fabricate rails. Originally called the "American Society for Testing Materials" in 1902, it became the "American Society for Testing And Materials" in 1961. In 2001, ASTM official ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flow Table Test
The flow table test or slump-flow test is a method to determine consistency of fresh concrete. Flow table test is also used to identify transportable moisture limit of solid bulk cargoes. It is used primarily for assessing concrete that is too fluid (workable) to be measured using the slump test, because the concrete will not retain its shape when the cone is removed. Application When fresh concrete is delivered to a site by a truck mixer, its consistency needs to be checked before it is poured into formwork. If consistency is not at the desired level, concrete will not have the required strength and other qualities once it has set. If concrete is too pasty, cavities may form within it. Rebar may become corroded, and concrete will crack. Cavities also reduce the concrete strength. Equipment * Flow table with a grip and a hinge, square. In the American version of this test, the table is diameter per . * Abrams cone, open at the top and at the bottom - high, top diameter, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasticity (physics)
In physics and materials science, plasticity, also known as plastic deformation, is the ability of a solid material to undergo permanent Deformation (engineering), deformation, a non-reversible change of shape in response to applied forces. For example, a solid piece of metal being bent or pounded into a new shape displays plasticity as permanent changes occur within the material itself. In engineering, the transition from Elasticity (physics), elastic behavior to plastic behavior is known as Yield (engineering), yielding. Plastic deformation is observed in most materials, particularly metals, soils, Rock (geology), rocks, concrete, and foams. However, the physical mechanisms that cause plastic deformation can vary widely. At a crystalline scale, plasticity in metals is usually a consequence of dislocations. Such defects are relatively rare in most crystalline materials, but are numerous in some and part of their crystal structure; in such cases, plastic crystallinity can res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
