|
Concrete Cone Failure
Concrete cone is one of the failure modes of anchors in concrete, loaded by a tensile force. The failure is governed by crack growth in concrete, which forms a typical cone shape having the anchor's axis as revolution axis. Mechanical models ACI 349-85 Under tension loading, the concrete cone failure surface has 45° inclination. A constant distribution of tensile stresses is then assumed. The concrete cone failure load N_0 of a single anchor in uncracked concrete unaffected by edge influences or overlapping cones of neighboring anchors is given by: N_0 = f_ Where: f_ - tensile strength of concrete A_ - Cone's projected area Concrete capacity design (CCD) approach for fastening to concrete Under tension loading, the concrete capacity of a single anchor is calculated assuming an inclination between the failure surface and surface of the concrete member of about 35°. The concrete cone failure load N_0 of a single anchor in uncracked concrete unaffected by edge influ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concrete Cone Model
Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse construction aggregate, aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens (cures) over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, and is the most widely used building material. Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminum combined. Globally, the ready-mix concrete industry, the largest segment of the concrete market, is projected to exceed $600 billion in revenue by 2025. This widespread use results in a number of Environmental impact of concrete, environmental impacts. Most notably, the production process for cement produces large volumes of greenhouse gas emissions, leading to net 8% of global emissions. Other environmental concerns include widespread Sand theft, illegal sand mining, impacts on the surrounding environment such as increased surface runoff or Urban heat island, urban heat island effect, and potential publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
