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Composite Index Of National Capability
The Composite Index of National Capability (CINC) is a statistical measure of national power created by J. David Singer for the Correlates of War project in 1963. It uses an average of percentages of world totals in six different components. The components represent demographic, economic, and military strength. More recent studies tend to use the (CINC) score, which “focuses on measures that are more salient to the perception of true state power” beyond GDP. It is still “among the best-known and most accepted methods for measuring national capabilities.” Methodology Each component is a dimensionless percentage of the world's total. RATIO=\frac CINC = \frac Where TPR = total population of country ratio UPR = urban population of country ratio ISPR = iron and steel production of country ratio ECR = primary energy consumption ratio MER = military expenditure ratio MPR = military personnel ratio List of countries by CINC Countries listed by CINC, data is from 2007 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Power
National power is defined as the sum of all resources available to a nation in the pursuit of national objectives. Assessing the national power of political entities was already a matter of relevance during the classical antiquity, the middle ages and the renaissance and today. Elements of national power National power stems from various ''elements'', also called ''instruments'' or ''attributes''; these may be put into two groups based on their applicability and origin - "natural" and "social". * Natural: ** Geography ** Resources ** Population * Social: **Economic **Political **Military ** Psychological ** Informational Geography Important facets of geography such as location (geography), climate, topography, and size play major roles in the ability of a nation to gain national power. Location has an important bearing on foreign policy of a nation. The relation between foreign policy and geographic location gave rise to the discipline of geopolitics. The presence of a water obsta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Correlates Of War
The Correlates of War project is an academic study of the history of warfare. It was started in 1963 at the University of Michigan by political scientist J. David Singer. Concerned with collecting data about the history of wars and conflict among states, the project has driven forward quantitative research into the causes of warfare. The Correlates of War project seeks to facilitate the collection, dissemination, and use of accurate and reliable quantitative data in international relations. Key principles of the project include a commitment to standard scientific principles of replication, data reliability, documentation, review, and the transparency of data collection procedures. The project has collected data on many attributes of international politics and national capabilities over time. Available data collected by the Correlates of War project start in 1816. The most widely used databases developed by the project include an identification of independent states since 1816, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Composite Index Of National Capability
The Composite Index of National Capability (CINC) is a statistical measure of national power created by J. David Singer for the Correlates of War project in 1963. It uses an average of percentages of world totals in six different components. The components represent demographic, economic, and military strength. More recent studies tend to use the (CINC) score, which “focuses on measures that are more salient to the perception of true state power” beyond GDP. It is still “among the best-known and most accepted methods for measuring national capabilities.” Methodology Each component is a dimensionless percentage of the world's total. RATIO=\frac CINC = \frac Where TPR = total population of country ratio UPR = urban population of country ratio ISPR = iron and steel production of country ratio ECR = primary energy consumption ratio MER = military expenditure ratio MPR = military personnel ratio List of countries by CINC Countries listed by CINC, data is from 2007 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power In International Relations
In international relations, power is defined in several different ways. Material definitions of state power emphasize economic and military power. Other definitions of power emphasize the ability to structure and constitute the nature of social relations between actors. Power is an attribute of particular actors in their interactions, as well as a social process that constitutes the social identities and capacities of actors. International relations scholars use the term polarity to describe the distribution of power in the international system. Unipolarity refers to an international system characterized by one hegemon (e.g. United States in the post-Cold War period), bipolarity to an order with two great powers or blocs of states (e.g. the Cold War), and multipolarity refers to the presence of three or more great powers. Those states that have significant amounts of power within the international system are referred to as small powers, middle powers, regional powers, great p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Relations Theory
International relations theory is the study of international relations (IR) from a theoretical perspective. It seeks to explain causal and constitutive effects in international politics. Ole Holsti describes international relations theories as acting like pairs of coloured sunglasses that allow the wearer to see only salient events relevant to the theory; e.g., an adherent of realism may completely disregard an event that a constructivist might pounce upon as crucial, and vice versa. The three most prominent schools of thought are realism, liberalism, and constructivism. The modern study of international relations, as theory, has sometimes been traced to realist works such as E. H. Carr's ''The Twenty Years' Crisis'' (1939) and Hans Morgenthau's ''Politics Among Nations'' (1948).Burchill, Scott and Andrew Linklater (2005). "Introduction," in ''Theories of International Relations'', ed. by Scott Burchill et al., New York: Palgrave Macmillan, p.7. The most influential IR theo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Security
International security, also called global security is a term which refers to the measures taken by states and international organizations, such as the United Nations, European Union, and others, to ensure mutual survival and safety. These measures include military action and diplomatic agreements such as treaties and conventions. International and national security are invariably linked. International security is national security or state security in the global arena. By the end of World War II, a new subject of academic study, security studies, focusing on international security emerged. It began as an independent field of study, but was absorbed as a sub-field of international relations.Buzan, B. and L. Hansen (2009). ''The Evolution of International Security Studies''. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Since it took hold in the 1950s, the study of international security has been at the heart of international relations studies. It covers areas such as security studies, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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