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Competitions And Prizes In Biotechnology
There exist a number of competitions and prizes to reward distinguished contributions and to encourage developments in biotechnology. Inducement prizes * The Archon X Prize for Genomics of US$10,000,000 is to be awarded to "the first Team that can build a device and use it to sequence 100 human genomes within 10 days or less, with an accuracy of no more than one error in every 100,000 bases sequenced, with sequences accurately covering at least 98% of the genome, and at a recurring cost of no more than $10,000 (US) per genome." * The Prize4Life ALS biomarker prize is a US$1,000,000 award for a reliable way of tracking progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). * The Prize4Life ALS treatment prize is a US$1,000,000 award for a therapy that reliably and effectively extends the life of ALS mice by 25%. * People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) is offering a US$1,000,000 reward for a method of producing enough meat to be marketed in 10 U.S. states at a price compet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. The term ''biotechnology'' was first used by Károly Ereky in 1919, meaning the production of products from raw materials with the aid of living organisms. Definition The concept of biotechnology encompasses a wide range of procedures for modifying living organisms according to human purposes, going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of the plants, and "improvements" to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. Modern usage also includes genetic engineering as well as cell and tissue culture technologies. The American Chemical Society defines biotechnology as the application of biological organisms, systems, or processes by various industries to learning about the science of life and the improvement of the value of materials ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archon X Prize
The Archon Genomics X PRIZE presented by Express Scripts for Genomics, the second X Prize offered by the X Prize Foundation, based in Playa Vista, California, was announced on October 4, 2006 stating that the prize of "$10 million will be awarded to the first team to rapidly, accurately and economically sequence 100 whole human genomes to an unprecedented level of accuracy." The 30 day evaluation phase of the competition to begin on September 5, 2013, was canceled August 22, 2013 and this cancellation was debated on March 27, 2014. Goals and history In November 2011 the prize goals were stated as: "The $10 million grand prize will be awarded to the team(s) able to sequence 100 human genomes within 30 days to an accuracy of 1 error per 1,000,000 bases, with 98% completeness, identification of insertions, deletions and rearrangements, and a complete haplotype, at an audited total cost of $1,000 per genome." The $10 million was donated by Canada, Canadian geologist and philanth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prize4Life
Prize4Life is a non-profit organization dedicated to the discovery of treatments and a cure for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The organization uses the inducement prize contest model. It was founded in 2007 by Avi Kremer, an Israeli student at Harvard Business School, who was diagnosed with ALS at the age of 29.$1 Million to Inventor of Tracker for A.L.S. ''The New York Times'', February 8, 2011 On February 3, 2011, Prize4Life announced the award of their first prize, the $1M ALS Biomarker Prize, to Dr. Seward Rutkove for his development of a tool to track the progression of the disease. On November 1, 2018, Prize4Life in the United States announced they were shutting down and transferring their assets to the |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig's disease, is a neurodegenerative disease that results in the progressive loss of motor neurons that control voluntary muscles. ALS is the most common type of motor neuron diseases. Early symptoms of ALS include stiff muscles, muscle twitches, and gradual increasing weakness and muscle wasting. ''Limb-onset ALS'' begins with weakness in the arms or legs, while ''bulbar-onset ALS'' begins with difficulty speaking or swallowing. Half of the people with ALS develop at least mild difficulties with thinking and behavior, and about 15% develop frontotemporal dementia. Most people experience pain. The affected muscles are responsible for chewing food, speaking, and walking. Motor neuron loss continues until the ability to eat, speak, move, and finally the ability to breathe is lost. ALS eventually causes paralysis and early death, usually from respiratory failure. Most cases of ALS (a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People For Ethical Treatment Of Animals
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA; , stylized as PeTA) is an American animal rights nonprofit organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president. PETA reports that PETA entities have more than 9 million members globally. Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case.Schwartz, Jeffrey M. and Begley, Sharon. ''The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force'', Regan Books, 2002, p. 161ff. * Pacheco, Alex and Francione, AnnaThe Silver Spring Monkeys in Peter Singer (ed.) ''In Defense of Animals'', Basil Blackwell 1985, pp. 135–147. The organization opposes factory farming, fur farming, animal testing, and other activities the group considers as exploitation of animals. History Ingrid Newkirk Ingrid Newkirk was born in England in 194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illumina (company)
Illumina, Inc. is an American biotechnology company, headquartered in San Diego, California. Incorporated on April 1, 1998, Illumina develops, manufactures, and markets integrated systems for the analysis of genetic variation and biological function. The company provides a line of products and services that serves the sequencing, genotyping and gene expression, and proteomics markets. Illumina's technology had purportedly reduced the cost of sequencing a human genome to by 2014. Its customers include genomic research centers, pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, clinical research organizations, and biotechnology companies. History Illumina was founded in April 1998 by David Walt, Larry Bock, John Stuelpnagel, Anthony Czarnik, and Mark Chee. While working with CW Group, a venture-capital firm, Bock and Stuelpnagel uncovered what would become Illumina's BeadArray technology at Tufts University and negotiated an exclusive license to that technology. In 1999, Illumin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruber Prize In Genetics
The Gruber Prize in Genetics, established in 2001, is one of three international awards worth US$500,000 made by the Gruber Foundation, a non-profit organization based at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. The Genetics Prize honors leading scientists for distinguished contributions in any realm of genetics research. The Foundation’s other international prizes are in Cosmology, Neuroscience, Justice, and Women’s Rights. Recipients *2022 Ruth Lehmann (Whitehead Institute and MIT), James Priess (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center), and Geraldine Seydoux (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine). *2021 Stuart H. Orkin (Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute) *2020 Bonnie Bassler (Princeton University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute) *2019 Bert Vogelstein (Johns Hopkins Hospital, Howard Hughes Medical Institute) *2018 Joanne Chory (Salk Institute for Biological Studies), and Elliot Meyerowitz (Caltech) *2017 Stephen J. Elledge, Harvard Medical S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The Nobel Prize is presented annually on the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, 10 December. As of 2022, 114 Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine have been awarded to 226 laureates, 214 men and 12 women. The first one was awarded in 1901 to the German physiologist, Emil von Behring, for his work on serum therapy and the development of a vaccine against diphtheria. The first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Gerty Cori, received it in 1947 for her role in elucidati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Krona
The krona (; plural: ''kronor''; sign: kr; code: SEK) is the official currency of the Kingdom of Sweden. Both the ISO code "SEK" and currency sign "kr" are in common use; the former precedes or follows the value, the latter usually follows it but, especially in the past, it sometimes preceded the value. In English, the currency is sometimes referred to as the Swedish crown, as means "crown" in Swedish. The Swedish krona was the ninth-most traded currency in the world by value in April 2016. One krona is subdivided into 100 ''öre'' (singular; plural ''öre'' or ''ören'', where the former is always used after a cardinal number, hence "50 öre", but otherwise the latter is often preferred in contemporary speech). However, all öre coins were discontinued from 30 September 2010. Goods can still be priced in ''öre'', but all sums are rounded to the nearest krona when paying with cash. The word ''öre'' is ultimately derived from the Latin word for gold (''aurum''). History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inducement Prize Contest
An inducement prize contest (IPC) is a competition that awards a cash prize for the accomplishment of a feat, usually of engineering. IPCs are typically designed to extend the limits of human ability. Some of the most famous IPCs include the Longitude prize (1714–1765), the Orteig Prize (1919–1927) and the prizes from the X Prize Foundation. IPCs are distinct from recognition prizes, such as the Nobel Prize, in that IPCs have prospectively defined criteria for what feat is to be achieved for winning the prize, while recognition prizes may be based on the beneficial effects of the feat. History Throughout history, there have been instances where IPCs were successfully utilized to push the boundaries of what would have been considered state-of-the-art at the time. The Longitude Prize was a reward offered by the British government for a simple and practical method for the precise determination of a ship's longitude. The prize, established through an Act of Parliament (the Long ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Eurydice Award
The Golden Eurydice Award is presented for an outstanding contribution, or contributions over a period, in the field of biophilosophy. It is awarded by the International Forum for Biophilosophy which was established in Belgium by royal decree in 1988. Founding members included Herman Van Den Berghe. The award The award consists of a sculptured golden statue of Eurydice. Awardees must make a 20-minute presentation of their work at a special Golden Keynote evening event, which usually takes place in November/December each year. Awardees are also granted Honorary membership of the forum. Award recipients Recipients include: *2013: Don Ihde, Albert Borgmann *2009: Emile Aarts, Kevin Warwick *2007: Craig Venter, Ananda Chakrabarty *2006: Eric Juengst *2005: Jean-Pierre Changeux See also * List of biology awards * List of philosophy awards This list of philosophy awards is an index to articles about notable awards related to philosophy. The list shows the country of the organiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Challenge Awards
This list of challenge awards is an index to articles about notable challenge awards, or inducement prize contests. A cash prize is given for the accomplishment of a feat, usually of engineering. Offered before 1900 Offered in 20th century Offered in 21st century See also * Inducement prize contest * Space elevator competitions * Competitions and prizes in biotechnology * Data science competition platform * Lists of awards Lists of awards cover awards given in various fields, including arts and entertainment, sports and hobbies, the humanities, science and technology, business, and service to society. A given award may be found in more than one list. Awards may be ... References {{reflist Challenge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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