Community Ophthalmology
Community ophthalmology was described as a new discipline in medicine promoting eye health and blindness prevention through programs utilizing methodologies of public health, community medicine and ophthalmology in 1978. This new discipline was first proposed by Dr. Patricia Bath, Patricia E. Bath in 1978 after observations of epidemics rates of preventable blindness among under-served populations in urban areas in the US as well as under-served populations in so called third-world countries. The failure of hospital-based eye care to provide preventive services for at-risk populations as evidenced by the high rates of blindness due to preventable causes. Moreover, government institutional-based public health facilities were not equipped to prevent or treat the at-risk populations because the system-wide infrastructure lacked personnel capable of delivery of services for eye health education and eye health care. Historically, public health departments had staff of physicians, epidem ...
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Public Health
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals". Analyzing the determinants of health of a population and the threats it faces is the basis for public health. The ''public'' can be as small as a handful of people or as large as a village or an entire city; in the case of a pandemic it may encompass several continents. The concept of ''health'' takes into account physical, psychological, and social well-being.What is the WHO definition of health?
from the Preamble to the Constitution of WHO as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19 June - 22 July 1946; signed on ...
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