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Command And Obedience In The Bundeswehr
The principle of command and obedience in the Bundeswehr (german: Befehl und Gehorsam), along with the concept of "citizens in uniform" (german: Staatsbürger in Uniform), was central to the 1953 idea of "leadership development and civic education" (official translation of german: Innere Führung § 1 VorgV > § 2 VorgV > § 4 VorgV § 6 VorgV is excluded because a commissioned officer (or NCO) could only declare himself superior if there was no superior to him at the scene. Obedience and disobedience Duty of obedience Above all, subordinates must obey their superiors and must inform superiors of non-executed orders or unreached aims. Subordinates must execute military orders: * with their best effort * completely and * immediately. Although a superior must verify his orders, the recipient must also do so. First he would have to verify whether an instruction was given by a defined military superior according to the ''Vorgesetztenverordn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundeswehr
The ''Bundeswehr'' (, meaning literally: ''Federal Defence'') is the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. The ''Bundeswehr'' is divided into a military part (armed forces or ''Streitkräfte'') and a civil part, the military part consisting of the German Army, the German Navy, the German Air Force, the Joint Support Service, the Joint Medical Service, and the Cyber and Information Domain Service. , the ''Bundeswehr'' had a strength of 183,638 active-duty military personnel and 81,318 civilians, placing it among the 30 largest military forces in the world, and making it the second largest in the European Union behind France. In addition, the ''Bundeswehr'' has approximately 30,050 reserve personnel (2020). With German military expenditures at $56.0 billion, the ''Bundeswehr'' is the seventh highest-funded military in the world, though military expenditures remain relatively average at 1.3% of national GDP, well below the (non-binding) NATO target of 2%. German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wachdienst Torposten (43)
The ''Wachdienst'' (English: watch service) was a rural home guard organisation raised by the Third Reich in Germany during the last months of World War II, in 1945. The service was created to assist local authorities in rural areas, among other things, and elderly men in Germany, mostly farmers and other rural labourers, were forced into conscription. Members of the ''Wachdienst'' were often required to participate in local fire brigades and engage in related tasks. Others were involved in the oversight of farms in their area, and were required to look into pests affecting local crops and produce. In addition to this, and as the name of the unit implies, the ''Wachdienst'' were also tasked with home protection for civilians, and undertook militia-like duties in that respect.{{cite book, last=Thiel, first=Hans, author2=Hans Thiel , author3=John K. Roth , author4=Ivan Fehrenbach , title=The Wolves of World War II, publisher=McFarland, year=2007, isbn=978-0-7864-2971-4, pages=8 The se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Court
A court-martial or court martial (plural ''courts-martial'' or ''courts martial'', as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the military, armed forces subject to Military justice, military law, and, if the defendant is found guilty, to decide upon punishment. In addition, courts-martial may be used to try prisoner of war, prisoners of war for war crimes. The Geneva Conventions require that Prisoner of war, POWs who are on trial for war crimes be subject to the same procedures as would be the holding military's own forces. Finally, courts-martial can be convened for other purposes, such as dealing with violations of martial law, and can involve civilian defendants. Most navies have a standard court-martial which convenes whenever a ship is lost; this does not presume that the captain is suspected of wrongdoing, but merely that the circumstances surroundin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contravention
In many civil law countries (e.g.: France, Belgium, Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, Brazil) a contravention is a non-criminal offense, similar to an infraction or civil penalty in common law countries. France Contravention is, in French law, an act which violates the law, a treaty or an agreement which the party has made. It designates a minor infraction, as opposed to a '' délit'' or misdemeanor, or a ''crime'' (felony). Any infraction of a law or regulation enforced by the agents of the State executive, that is not punishable by more than a €3000 fine for a person, is considered as a contravention. The fine may also be accompanied by an additional sentence (peine complémentaire). Competence Contraventions and their penalties are determined by the executive organs of the French State, unlike délits and crimes which are determined by the legislative organs (Parliament Senate), as per Article 34 of the French Constitution of 1958. The executive organs include: *The President ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergeant
Sergeant (abbreviated to Sgt. and capitalized when used as a named person's title) is a rank in many uniformed organizations, principally military and policing forces. The alternative spelling, ''serjeant'', is used in The Rifles and other units that draw their heritage from the British light infantry. Its origin is the Latin , 'one who serves', through the French term . The term ''sergeant'' refers to a non-commissioned officer placed above the rank of a corporal, and a police officer immediately below a lieutenant in the US, and below an inspector in the UK. In most armies, the rank of sergeant corresponds to command of a squad (or section). In Commonwealth armies, it is a more senior rank, corresponding roughly to a platoon second-in-command. In the United States Army, sergeant is a more junior rank corresponding to a squad- (12 person) or platoon- (36 person) leader. More senior non-commissioned ranks are often variations on sergeant, for example staff sergeant, gunn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanyard
A lanyard is a cord, length of webbing, or strap that may serve any of various functions, which include a means of attachment, restraint, retrieval, and activation and deactivation. A lanyard is also a piece of rigging used to secure or lower objects aboard a ship."lanyard lan-yrd." Merriam-Webster's Collegiate(R) Dictionary. Springfield: Merriam-Webster, 2004. Credo Reference. Web. 1 October 2012. Origins The earliest references to lanyards date from 15th century France: "lanière" was a thong or strap-on apparatus. Bosun's pipe, marlinspike, and small knives typically had a lanyard consisting of a string loop tied together with a diamond knot. It helped secure against fall and gave an extended grip over a small handle. In the French military, lanyards were used to connect a pistol, sword, or whistle (for signaling) to a uniform semi-permanently. Lanyards were used by mounted cavalry on land and naval officers at sea. A pistol lanyard can be easily removed and reattach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-commissioned Officers
A non-commissioned officer (NCO) is a military officer who has not pursued a commission. Non-commissioned officers usually earn their position of authority by promotion through the enlisted ranks. (Non-officers, which includes most or all enlisted personnel, are of lower rank than any officer.) In contrast, commissioned officers usually enter directly from a military academy, officer candidate school (OCS), or officer training school (OTS) after receiving a post-secondary degree. The NCO corps usually includes many grades of enlisted, corporal and sergeant; in some countries, warrant officers also carry out the duties of NCOs. The naval equivalent includes some or all grades of petty officer. There are different classes of non-commissioned officers, including junior (lower ranked) non-commissioned officers (JNCO) and senior/staff (higher ranked) non-commissioned officers (SNCO). Function The non-commissioned officer corps has been referred to as "the backbone" of the armed se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranks And Insignia Of NATO
Ranks and insignia of NATO are combined military insignia used by the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The rank scale is used for specifying posts within NATO. Definitions NATO maintains a "standard rank scale" in an attempt to match every member country's military rank to corresponding ranks used by the other members. The rank categories were established in a 1978 document entitled STANAG 2116 (formally titled ''NATO Codes for Grades of Military Personnel''). Officer ranks OF-1 – OF-10 (bottom to top) are used for commissioned officers: * OF-6 – OF-10: General officers * OF-3 – OF-5: Senior officers * OF-1 – OF-2: Junior officers Other ranks OR1–OR9 (bottom to top) are used for other ranks: * OR-5 – OR-9: Non-commissioned officers * OR-1 – OR-4: Enlisted ranks Comparison to US system The numbers in the system broadly correspond to the U.S. uniformed services pay grades, with OR-x replacing E-x. The main difference is in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Army Rank Insignia
The rank insignia of the federal armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany indicate rank and branch of service in the German Army (), German Air Force (), or the German Navy (). They are regulated by the "presidential order on rank designation and military uniform". The '' ( - Central Service Provision) gives the dress order and design variations. Further, the Federal Office of Equipment, IT, and In-Service Support of the Bundeswehr () provides numerous details. Types According to the rank system, the different types of rank insignias might be distinguished as follows: *Shoulder straps or boards *Cuff titles or sleeve insignias *Mounting loops or straps (in de: Aufziehschlaufen) Basic structure of shoulder straps and sleeve insignias The rank insignias of all service personnel will be explained initially on the example of shoulder straps to the basic uniform or everyday uniform in order provide a general overview. As to naval persons in uniform there will be additionally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feldjäger
The ''Feldjäger'' () are Germany's military police. The term ''Feldjäger'', literally meaning field huntsmen (military), huntsmen or field Jäger (military), Jäger, has a long tradition and dates back to the mid-17th century. History The first modern ''Feldjäger'' unit was activated on 6 October 1955 when the bill creating the ''Bundeswehr'' was signed. The new law called for a military police training company to be established at the former ''Luftwaffe'' hospital in Andernach. The original intention was to call the military police units of the ''Bundeswehr'' "''Militärpolizei''", literally military police. However, objections arose on the part of the federal states which had been given the mission of law enforcement. They wanted the use of the word "''Polizei''" to be unique to them and so the name was changed to ''Feldjäger'' in 1956. Organization The ''Feldjäger'' corps serves all component forces of the German Federal Armed Forces (''Bundeswehr'') i.e., G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hauptfeldwebel
In the German Wehrmacht, Hauptfeldwebel (short: HptFw; address: ''Herr Hauptfeldwebel'') was not a rank but a position title, assignment or appointment, equivalent to the Commonwealth company sergeant major or U.S. company-level first sergeant. There was one such non-commissioned officer (NCO) in every infantry company, artillery battery, cavalry squadron, etc. He was the senior NCO of his subunit, but his duties were largely administrative and he was not expected to accompany his unit into an assault or a firefight. The Hauptfeldwebel had many nicknames, including ''Spieß'' ("Spear") and ''Mutter der Kompanie'' ("company mother"). He wore two 10mm broad rings of NCO braid around the cuff of his sleeves, nicknamed ''Kolbenringe'' ("piston rings"), and carried a ''Meldetasche'' (reporting pouch) tucked into the tunic front, in which he carried blank report forms, rosters and other papers related to his duties. The German Army had no equivalent of the Commonwealth Regimental S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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