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Combatants Of The Internal Conflict In Myanmar
As a protracted armed conflict War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular ... spanning more than seven decades, the internal conflict in Myanmar has involved over fifty different armed groups, three military juntas, and seven civilian-led governments. AFPFL government (1948–1962) Ne Win's government (1962–1988) SLORC / SPDC government (1988–2011) Post-SPDC civilian government (2011–2021) State Administration Council (since 2021) See also * List of wars involving Myanmar Notes References {{Myanmar topics Internal conflict in Myanmar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Conflict
War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular or irregular military forces. Warfare refers to the common activities and characteristics of types of war, or of wars in general. Total war is warfare that is not restricted to purely legitimate military targets, and can result in massive civilian or other non-combatant suffering and casualties. While some war studies scholars consider war a universal and ancestral aspect of human nature, others argue it is a result of specific socio-cultural, economic or ecological circumstances. Etymology The English word ''war'' derives from the 11th-century Old English words ''wyrre'' and ''werre'', from Old French ''werre'' (also ''guerre'' as in modern French), in turn from the Frankish *''werra'', ultimately deriving from the Proto-Germanic *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karen National Union
The Karen National Union ( my, ကရင် အမျိုးသား အစည်းအရုံး; abbreviated KNU) is a political organisation with an armed wing, the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA), that claims to represent the Karen people of Myanmar (Burma). It operates in mountainous eastern Myanmar, and has underground networks in other areas of Myanmar where Karen people live as a minority group. In the Karen language, this area is called Kawthoolei. Some of the Karen, led primarily by the Karen National Union (KNU), have waged a war against the central government since early 1949. The aim of the KNU at first was independence. Since 1976 the armed group has called for a federal system rather than an independent Karen State. In January 2012, Myanmar's military-backed civilian government signed a ceasefire deal with the KNU in Hpa-an, the capital of eastern Kayin State. Aung Min, the Railway Minister, and General Mutu Sae Poe of the KNU led the peace talks. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shan National United Front
Shan may refer to: People * Shan (surname), or 单 in Chinese, a Chinese surname *Shan, a variant of the Welsh given name usually spelled Siân *Occasionally used as a short form of Shannen/ Shannon Ethnic groups * Shan people, Southeast Asian ethnic group inhabiting Myanmar ** Shan language *Dai people, also known as Shan, ethnic group in China * Shanrong (山戎), term for "mountain barbarian" in Shanxi, Hubei in northern China Individuals * Shaan Shahid, Pakistani actor, model, writer and film director * MC Shan, rapper * Liu Shan, second emperor of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. * Fu Buqi (宓不齊; Fu Pu-ch'i; born 521BC) who was accorded the title 'Count of Shan' Places China * Shaanxi, abbreviated as Shan (陕), province of the People's Republic of China * Shan County, Shandong (单县), county in Heze, Shandong, China *Shan County, Henan (陕县), now Shanzhou District of Sanmenxia city, a county in Sanmenxia, Henan, China *Shantou, or Shan (汕), a city i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Burma Army
A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates a revolution. The term ''revolutionary'' can also be used as an adjective, to refer to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor. Definition The term—both as a noun and adjective—is usually applied to the field of politics, but is also occasionally used in the context of science, invention or art. In politics, a revolutionary is someone who supports abrupt, rapid, and drastic change, usually replacing the status quo, while a reformist is someone who supports more gradual and incremental change, often working within the system. In that sense, revolutionaries may be considered radical, while reformists are moderate by comparison. Moments which seem revolutionary on the surface may end up reinforcing established institutions. Likewise, evidently small changes may lead to revolutionary consequences in the long term. Thus the clarity of the distinction between revol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pa-O National Army
The Pa-O National Army ( blk, ပအိုဝ်ႏစွိုးခွိုꩻတပ်မတောႏ, my, ပအိုဝ်းအမျိုးသားတပ်မတော်; abbreviated PNA) is a Pa-O insurgent group in Myanmar (Burma). It was established in 1949 and is the armed wing of the Pa-O National Organisation. The PNA protects the PNO-governed Pa-O Self-Administered Zone, which consists of three townships in southern Shan State: Hopong, Hsi Hseng, and Pinlaung townships. The PNA signed a ceasefire agreement with the then ruling State Peace and Development Council The State Peace and Development Council ( my, နိုင်ငံတော် အေးချမ်းသာယာရေး နှင့် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေး ကောင်စီ ; abbreviated SPDC or , ) was the offi ... on 11 April 1991 and reformed itself as a people's militia force. It merged with other Pa-O paramilitary groups on 9 December 2009. Followi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pa-O National Organisation
The Pa-O National Organisation ( my, ပအိုဝ်း အမျိုးသား အဖွဲ့ချုပ်) is a Pa-O political party in Myanmar (Burma). Its armed wing, the Pa-O National Army, has between 400 and 700 active personnel. The PNO administers the Pa-O Self-Administered Zone, which consists of three townships in southern Shan State: Hopong, Hsi Hseng, and Pinlaung townships. The PNO campaigns for the Pa-O people and promotes agricultural and work programmes across its controlled territory, in additional to building schools and hospitals in the area. The organisation's armed wing, the Pa-O National Army (PNA), is a close ally of the Burmese military while PNO itself has close ties to the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party The Union Solidarity and Development Party ( my, ပြည်ထောင်စုကြံ့ခိုင်ရေးနှင့် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေးပါတီ; abbr. USDP) is a politica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noom Suk Harn
Noom is a subscription-based app for tracking a person's food intake and exercise habits. The company is known for its emphasis on behavior change and mental wellness. App When creating an account, the user is asked to record information about physical factors such as weight, height, and age, as well as experiential information such as lifestyle, goals, and obstacles. Users then log their meals and exercise. In response, the app provides feedback in various ways: algorithmically, from a human coach, from other users, through articles, and through quizzes. The app has been reviewed by newspapers such as the '' Chicago Tribune'' and '' USA Today''; health publications such WebMD; and lifestyle magazines such as '' Good Housekeeping.'' Research In 2016, a study published in ''Scientific Reports'' and based on data collected from 36,000 Noom users (78% female, 22% male) found that 78% of the users self-reported that they lost weight while using the app. The data were collect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mon National Liberation Army
The Mon National Liberation Army ( my, မွန်အမျိုးသား လွတ်မြောက်ရေး တပ်မတော်; abbreviated MNLA) is a Mon insurgent group in Myanmar (Burma). It is the armed wing of the New Mon State Party (NMSP), and has been fighting government forces since 1949, though under different names. The NMSP signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) on 15 October 2015 with several other insurgent groups and the government of Myanmar. In September 2016, MNLA fighters began clashing with members of the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA), the armed wing of the Karen National Union (KNU), in the Tanintharyi Region. Both the NMSP and the KNU were signatories of the NCA at the time of the fighting. A temporary bilateral truce was reached between the two groups on 14 March 2018. NMSP began new clashes with KNLA in Mon State border with Kayin State Kayin State ( my, ကရင်ပြည်နယ်, ; kjp, ဖၠုံခ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Mon State Party
The New Mon State Party (NMSP) ( mnw, ဗော်ဍုၚ်မန်တၟိ; my, မွန်ပြည်သစ်ပါတီ ) is an opposition party in Myanmar. Its armed wing, the Mon National Liberation Army (MNLA), has fought the government of Myanmar Myanmar ( also known as Burma) operates ''de jure'' as a unitary assembly-independent republic under its 2008 constitution. On 1 February 2021, Myanmar's military took over the government in a coup, causing ongoing anti-coup protests. Po ... since 1949, but under different names. The NMSP has attempted many times unsuccessfully to push for constitutional and political reforms through the government sponsored ''National Convention''. NMSP had signed a ceasefire pact with the government in 1995 but the pact turned invalid when the party refused to accept to transform itself into a border guard unit. Current chair-person is Nai Hongsar ( mnw, နာဲဟံသာ), who has succeeded his predecessor Nai Htaw M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mujahideen
''Mujahideen'', or ''Mujahidin'' ( ar, مُجَاهِدِين, mujāhidīn), is the plural form of ''mujahid'' ( ar, مجاهد, mujāhid, strugglers or strivers or justice, right conduct, Godly rule, etc. doers of jihād), an Arabic term that broadly refers to people who engage in '' jihad'' (), interpreted in a jurisprudence of Islam as the fight on behalf of God, religion or the community (''ummah''). The widespread use of the word in English began with reference to the guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War (see Afghan mujahideen). The term now extends to other jihadist groups in various countries such as Myanmar (Burma), Cyprus, and the Philippines. Early history In its roots, the Arabic word ''mujahideen'' refers to any person performing '' jihad''. In its post-classical meaning, ''jihad'' refers to an act that is spiritually comparable in reward to promoting Islam during the early 600s CE. These acts could be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuomintang In Burma
The Kuomintang in Burma ( zh, t=泰緬孤軍, p=Tài Miǎn gūjūn, l=Thailand–Burma orphaned army) were Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) troops that fled from Communist-controlled China to Burma in 1950 after their defeat by the Communists in the Chinese Civil War. Officially the Yunnan Anti-communist National Salvation Army (sometimes referred to in English as the "Lost Army"), the Chinese Nationalist troops in Burma were commanded by General Li Mi. It attempted several incursions into Yunnan in the early 1950s, only to be pushed back into Burma each time by the Chinese Communist Party's People's Liberation Army. The entire campaign, with logistical support from the Republic of China (which had retreated to Taiwan), the United States, and Thailand, was controversial from the start. It not only violated Burmese sovereignty and destabilized the political situation in the fledgling Burmese state, but also saw the KMT's involvement in the region's lucrative opium trade. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karenni Army
The Karenni Army ( my, ကရင်နီ တပ်မတော်; abbreviated KA, KnA or KiA) is the armed wing of the Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP), and operates in eastern Kayah State (also known as Karenni State), Myanmar (Burma). On 7 March 2012, the government of Myanmar signed a ceasefire agreement with the KNPP, in the presence of international observers from the UN High Commission for Refugees, British Council and the American embassy. A similar ceasefire deal was signed in 1995, but it was dissolved within three months. History The British government recognised and guaranteed the independence of the Karenni States in a treaty with the Burmese King Mindon Min in 1875, by which both parties recognised the area as belonging to neither to the Konbaung Dynasty (Kingdom of Burma) nor to the British Empire. Consequently, the Karenni States were never fully incorporated into British Burma. The Karenni States were recognised as tributary to British Burma in 1892, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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